. Persistent viral infections and immune aging.

Brunner, Stefan; Herndler-Brandstetter, Dietmar; Weinberger, Birgit; Grubeck-Loebenstein, Beatrix

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2010.08.003

Cited by 144Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus researchT-cell and B-cell ImmunologyImmune responses and vaccinations

. Persistent viral infections and immune aging.

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Brunner, Stefan, Herndler-Brandstetter, Dietmar, Weinberger, Birgit, Grubeck-Loebenstein, Beatrix·2011·Ageing Research Reviews

DOI 10.1016/j.arr.2010.08.003

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Abstract

Immunosenescence comprises a set of dynamic changes occurring to both, the innate as well as the adaptive immune system that accompany human aging and result in complex manifestations of still poorly defined deficiencies in the elderly population. One of the most prominent alterations during aging is the continuous involution of the thymus gland which is almost complete by the age of 50. Consequently, the output of naïve T cells is greatly diminished in elderly individuals which puts pressure on homeostatic forces to maintain a steady T cell pool for most of adulthood. In a great proportion of the human population, this fragile balance is challenged by persistent viral infections, especially Cytomegalovirus (CMV), that oblige certain T cell clones to monoclonally expand repeatedly over a lifetime which then occupy space within the T cell pool. Eventually, these inflated memory T cell clones become exhausted and their extensive accumulation accelerates the age-dependent decline of the diversity of the T cell pool. As a consequence, infectious diseases are more frequent and severe in elderly persons and immunological protection following vaccination is reduced. This review therefore aims to shed light on how various types of persistent viral infections, especially CMV, influence the aging of the immune system and highlight potential measures to prevent the age-related decline in immune function.

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Emerging data suggest that HIV and CMV co-infections interact in a potential negative manner.
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The capacity of the TNF family members 4‐1BBL, OX40L, CD70, GITRL, CD30L and LIGHT to costimulate human T cells
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HIV and Aging: State of Knowledge and Areas of Critical Need for Research. A Report to the NIH Office of AIDS Research by the HIV and Aging Working Group
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Self-citation
COVID‐19 is an emergent disease of aging
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A Novel Human Cytomegalovirus Locus Modulates Cell Type-Specific Outcomes of Infection
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Do people living with HIV experience greater age advancement than their HIV-negative counterparts?
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Immune Senescence: Relative Contributions of Age and Cytomegalovirus Infection
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“Inflamm‐aging” influences immune cell survival factors in human bone marrow
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Geroprotective and senoremediative strategies to reduce the comorbidity, infection rates, severity, and lethality in gerophilic and gerolavic infections
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Pathology of Diabetes-Induced Immune Dysfunction
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T Cell Immunosenescence in Aging, Obesity, and Cardiovascular Disease
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Cognitive and Behavioral Consequences of Impaired Immunoregulation in Aging
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Upregulation of miR‐24 is associated with a decreased DNA damage response upon etoposide treatment in highly differentiated CD8+ T cells sensitizing them to apoptotic cell death
Brunner, S. M., Herndler‐Brandstetter, D., Arnold, C. R., Wiegers, G. J., Villunger, A., Hackl, M., Grillari, J., Moreno‐Villanueva, M., Bürkle, A., & Grubeck‐Loebenstein, B. (2012) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/j.1474-9726.2012.00819.x · Cited by 83 · see citing works
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Authors: Brunner, S., Herndler-Brandstetter, D., Weinberger, B., & Grubeck-Loebenstein, B.
Affiliations: Austrian Academy of Sciences (AT)
ORCID: Brunner, Stefan
Weinberger, Birgit
Venue: Ageing Research Reviews
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2011-07
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Pages: 362-369
ISSN: 1568-1637 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2010.08.003
OpenAlex: W1994360777
Cited by: 143
References: 127
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 19
FWCI: 1.63
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
epub.oeaw.ac.at
Licence: other-oa
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Ageing Research Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon online (Institut für kunst- und musikhistorische Forschungen der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Austrian Biographical Dictionary (Austrian Academy of Sciences) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
Keywords: immunosenescence, viral persistence, cytomegalovirus, thymic involution, naive T cells, T cell exhaustion, T cell diversity, vaccine response in the elderly, age-related immune decline
MeSH terms: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Humans, Immune System, T-Lymphocytes, Thymus Gland, Viral Vaccines, Virus Diseases, Treatment Outcome

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