Cited by 643T-cell and B-cell ImmunologyGut microbiota and healthImmune Response and Inflammation

Sphingolipids from a Symbiotic Microbe Regulate Homeostasis of Host Intestinal Natural Killer T Cells

Open access
An, Dingding, Oh, Sungwhan F., Olszak, Torsten, Neves, Joana F., Avci, Fikri Y., Erturk-Hasdemir, Deniz, Lu, Xi, Zeissig, Sebastian +2 more·2014·Cell

Abstract

Coevolution of beneficial microorganisms with the mammalian intestine fundamentally shapes mammalian physiology. Here, we report that the intestinal microbe Bacteroides fragilis modifies the homeostasis of host invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells by supplementing the host's endogenous lipid antigen milieu with unique inhibitory sphingolipids. The process occurs early in life and effectively impedes iNKT cell proliferation during neonatal development. Consequently, total colonic iNKT cell numbers are restricted into adulthood, and hosts are protected against experimental iNKT cell-mediated, oxazolone-induced colitis. In studies with neonatal mice lacking access to bacterial sphingolipids, we found that treatment with B. fragilis glycosphingolipids-exemplified by an isolated peak (MW = 717.6) called GSL-Bf717-reduces colonic iNKT cell numbers and confers protection against oxazolone-induced colitis in adulthood. Our results suggest that the distinctive inhibitory capacity of GSL-Bf717 and similar molecules may prove useful in the treatment of autoimmune and allergic disorders in which iNKT cell activation is destructive.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.cell.2013.11.042

Cites

42 of 42 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Mono-colonization of neonatal GF mice with Bacteroides fragilis or exposure to a purified sphingolipid originating from B. fragilis restores iNKT cell numbers and protects the animals from oxazolone-induced colitis.

    “Mono-colonization of neonatal GF mice with the commensal Bacteroides fragilis or exposure to a purified sphingolipid originating from B. fragilis was able to restore iNKT cell numbers in GF mice and to protect the animals from oxazolone-induced colitis.125”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
An, D., Oh, S. F., Olszak, T., Neves, J. F., Avci, F. Y., Erturk-Hasdemir, D., Lu, X., Zeissig, S., Blumberg, R. S., & Kasper, D. L.
Affiliations
  • Harvard University (US)
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
Corresponding author
  • Blumberg, Richard S.
  • Kasper, Dennis L.
Venue
Cell
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-01
Volume
156
Issue
1-2
Pages
123-133
ISSN
0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1989478912
Cited by
643
References
42
Citations by year
2026: 34 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 66 · 2021: 74 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 56 · 2018: 51 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 1
FWCI
22.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cell (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
  • Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America
  • Brigham Young University
  • Crohn's and Colitis Foundation (253712)
  • University of Birmingham
  • Stony Brook University
  • National Institutes of Health (DK44319, DK034854, DK53056)
  • Harvard Digestive Diseases Center, Harvard University (DK034854)
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI007061, AI090102, R21AI090102, T32AI007061)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK034854, DK51362, DK88199, DK 44319, DK53056, R01DK053056, R56DK053056, R37DK044319, R01DK051362, P30DK034854, R01DK044319, R01DK088199)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
Keywords
Bacteroides fragilis, invariant natural killer T cells, sphingolipids, glycosphingolipids, gut microbiota, host-microbe coevolution, oxazolone-induced colitis, neonatal development, autoimmune disease, allergic diseases, lipid antigens
MeSH terms
Animals, Animals, Newborn, Bacteroides fragilis, Colitis, Colon, Glycosphingolipids, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Oxazolone, Cell Proliferation, Mice, Natural Killer T-Cells

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review