The DOI matches its Crossref record; 74 of the 77 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Crystal Structure of Cas9 in Complex with Guide RNA and Target DNA
Open accessAbstract
The CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 can be targeted to specific genomic loci by single guide RNAs (sgRNAs). Here, we report the crystal structure of Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 in complex with sgRNA and its target DNA at 2.5 Å resolution. The structure revealed a bilobed architecture composed of target recognition and nuclease lobes, accommodating the sgRNA:DNA heteroduplex in a positively charged groove at their interface. Whereas the recognition lobe is essential for binding sgRNA and DNA, the nuclease lobe contains the HNH and RuvC nuclease domains, which are properly positioned for cleavage of the complementary and noncomplementary strands of the target DNA, respectively. The nuclease lobe also contains a carboxyl-terminal domain responsible for the interaction with the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM). This high-resolution structure and accompanying functional analyses have revealed the molecular mechanism of RNA-guided DNA targeting by Cas9, thus paving the way for the rational design of new, versatile genome-editing technologies.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“Upon binding of Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (SpCas9) to the target site, a stable strand separation is maintained through two kinds of interactions: the binding of gRNA to the target strand, and a positively-charged groove resulting from the unspecific interaction of both HNH and RuvC domains with the negatively-charged non-target strand [36].”
From CRISPR-Cas: Converting A Bacterial Defence Mechanism into A State-of-the-Art Genetic Manipulation Tool (2019) · cites this paper as [36]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“tracrRNA is complementary to the repeat sequence and contains 3 stem-loop hairpin structures [35,36].”
From CRISPR-Cas: Converting A Bacterial Defence Mechanism into A State-of-the-Art Genetic Manipulation Tool (2019) · cites this paper as [36]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The structure that came out of the laboratory of Jennifer Doudna was of an apo-protein (PDBe ID 4cmp, PDBe DOI: 10.2210/pdb4cmp/pdb), while the research group of Osamu Nureki (University of Tokyo, Japan) succeeded in crystallising the protein in a complex with a “guide”-RNA and “target”-DNA (PDBe ID 4oo8, PDBe DOI: 10.2210/pdb4oo8/pdb).”
From CRISPR–Cas9: A History of Its Discovery and Ethical Considerations of Its Use in Genome Editing (2022) · cites this paper as [40]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The key structures of the nuclease lobe of SpCas9 are 2 domains: HNH and RuvC, each of them cleaves one of the target DNA strands.”
From CRISPR–Cas9: A History of Its Discovery and Ethical Considerations of Its Use in Genome Editing (2022) · cites this paper as [40]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“For example, SpCas9-NG shows reduced editing efficiency on 5′-NGC-3′ PAM targets and tends to increase off-target activity (Nishimasu et al., 2014).”
From Emerging applications of gene editing technologies for the development of climate-resilient crops (2025) · cites this paper as Nishimasu et al., 2014
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
In the citing paper
“Crystal structures revealed that the Cas9 protein is spatially divided into 2 lobes: a target recognition lobe and a nuclease lobe, with the guide RNA and target DNA occupying the positively charged groove at their interface.”
From CRISPR–Cas9: A History of Its Discovery and Ethical Considerations of Its Use in Genome Editing (2022) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“Attempts to obtain detailed information about the structure of this protein resulted in the first two crystallographic studies being published almost simultaneously: in February 2014 two crystal structures of Cas9 appeared in the database PDBe (“Protein Data Bank in Europe”), and the accompanying articles were published in the journals Nature and Cell [39, 40].”
From CRISPR–Cas9: A History of Its Discovery and Ethical Considerations of Its Use in Genome Editing (2022) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“These, as well as many subsequent studies, used the Cas9 protein from S. pyogenes, SpCas9, which consists of 1368 amino acids and is a multidomain and multifunctional endonuclease.”
From CRISPR–Cas9: A History of Its Discovery and Ethical Considerations of Its Use in Genome Editing (2022) · cites this paper as [40]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Sheldrick, G. M. (2007) · Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography · doi:10.1107/s0108767307043930 · Cited by 88,113
Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs
Altschul, S. (1997) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/25.17.3389 · Cited by 73,302
Coot : model-building tools for molecular graphics
Emsley, P., & Cowtan, K. (2004) · Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography · doi:10.1107/s0907444904019158 · Cited by 30,571
A Programmable Dual-RNA–Guided DNA Endonuclease in Adaptive Bacterial Immunity
Jinek, M., Chylinski, K., Fonfara, I., Hauer, M., Doudna, J. A., & Charpentier, E. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1225829 · Cited by 17,116
Kabsch, W. (2010) · Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography · doi:10.1107/s0907444909047337 · Cited by 16,463
Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems
Cong, L., Ran, F. A., Cox, D., Lin, S., Barretto, R., Habib, N., Hsu, P. D., Wu, X., Jiang, W., Marraffini, L. A., et al. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1231143 · Cited by 15,339
Self-citationRNA-Guided Human Genome Engineering via Cas9
Mali, P., Yang, L., Esvelt, K. M., Aach, J., Guell, M., DiCarlo, J. E., Norville, J. E., & Church, G. M. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1232033 · Cited by 9,210
PHENIX: a comprehensive Python-based system for macromolecular structure solution
Adams, P. D., Afonine, P. V., Bunkòczi, G., Chen, V. B., Davis, I., Echols, N., Headd, J. J., Hung, L., Kapral, G. J., Grosse‐Kunstleve, R. W., et al. (2012) · International Tables for Crystallography · doi:10.1107/97809553602060000865 · Cited by 7,334
CRISPR Provides Acquired Resistance Against Viruses in Prokaryotes
Barrangou, R., Fremaux, C., Deveau, H., Richards, M., Boyaval, P., Moineau, S., Romero, D. A., & Horvath, P. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1138140 · Cited by 5,947
Genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening in human cells
Shalem, O., Sanjana, N. E., Hartenian, E., Shi, X., Scott, D. A., Mikkelsen, T. S., Heckl, D., Ebert, B. L., Root, D. E., Doench, J. G., et al. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1247005 · Cited by 5,234
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
3 of the 77 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Cowtan, 1994, ‘dm’: An automated procedure for phase improvement by density modification, Joint CCP4 and ESF-EACBM Newsletter on Protein Crystallography, 31, 34
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 1,002
Profiling of engineering hotspots identifies an allosteric CRISPR-Cas9 switch
Oakes, B. L., Nadler, D. C., Flamholz, A. I., Fellmann, C., Staahl, B. T., Doudna, J. A., & Savage, D. F. (2016) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.3528 · Cited by 199
Next-Generation Breeding Strategies for Climate-Ready Crops
Razzaq, A., Kaur, P., Akhter, N., Wani, S. H., & Saleem, F. (2021) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.620420 · Cited by 226
Sequence features associated with the cleavage efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9 system
Liu, X., Homma, A., Sayadi, J., Yang, S., Ohashi, J., & Takumi, T. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep19675 · Cited by 166
Multiplex gene regulation by CRISPR-ddCpf1
Zhang, X., Wang, J., Cheng, Q., Zheng, X., Zhao, G., & Wang, J. (2017) · Cell Discovery · doi:10.1038/celldisc.2017.18 · Cited by 194
Abadi, S., Yan, W. X., Amar, D., & Mayrose, I. (2017) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005807 · Cited by 208
Singh, D., Mallon, J. P., Poddar, A., Wang, Y., Tippana, R., Yang, O., Bailey, S., & Ha, T. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1718686115 · Cited by 198
Xiao, Y., Luo, M., Hayes, R. P., Kim, J., Ng, S., Ding, F., Liao, M., & Ke, A. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.06.012 · Cited by 208
DNA Unwinding Is the Primary Determinant of CRISPR-Cas9 Activity
Gong, S., Yu, H. H., Johnson, K. A., & Taylor, D. W. (2018) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2017.12.041 · Cited by 200
Web-based design and analysis tools for CRISPR base editing
Hwang, G.-H., Park, J., Lim, K., Kim, S., Yu, J., Yu, E., Kim, S.-T., Eils, R., Kim, J.-S., & Bae, S. (2018) · BMC Bioinformatics · doi:10.1186/s12859-018-2585-4 · Cited by 198
Human proteins that interact with RNA/DNA hybridsPreprint
Wang, I. X., Grunseich, C., Fox, J., Burdick, J. T., Zhu, Z., Ravazian, N., Hafner, M., & Cheung, V. G. (2018) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.237362.118 · Cited by 201
Near-infrared optogenetic engineering of photothermal nanoCRISPR for programmable genome editing
Chen, X., Chen, Y., Xin, H., Wan, T. Y., & Yuan, P. (2020) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1912220117 · Cited by 196
CRISPR-Cas9-Mediated Genome Editing in Leishmania donovani
Zhang, W., & Matlashewski, G. (2015) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.00861-15 · Cited by 205
Zhu, L. J., Holmes, B. R., D, N. A. M., & Brodsky, M. H. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0108424 · Cited by 192
Prime editing: advances and therapeutic applications
Zhao, Z., Shang, P., Mohanraju, P., & Geijsen, N. (2023) · Trends in biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.03.004 · Cited by 205
CRISPR Cpf1 proteins: structure, function and implications for genome editing
Safari, F., Zare, K., Negahdaripour, M., Barekati‐Mowahed, M., & Ghasemi, Y. (2019) · Cell & Bioscience · doi:10.1186/s13578-019-0298-7 · Cited by 208
CRISPaint allows modular base-specific gene tagging using a ligase-4-dependent mechanism
Schmid-Burgk, J. L., Höning, K., Ebert, T. S., & Hornung, V. (2016) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms12338 · Cited by 197
Gene editing and CRISPR in the clinic: current and future perspectives
Hirakawa, M. P., Krishnakumar, R., Timlin, J. A., Carney, J. P., & Butler, K. S. (2020) · Bioscience Reports · doi:10.1042/bsr20200127 · Cited by 207
RNA-based recognition and targeting: sowing the seeds of specificity
Gorski, S. A., Vogel, J., & Doudna, J. A. (2017) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.174 · Cited by 196
Shou, J., Li, J., Liu, Y., & Wu, Q. (2018) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2018.06.021 · Cited by 192
Incorporation of bridged nucleic acids into CRISPR RNAs improves Cas9 endonuclease specificity
Cromwell, C. R., Sung, K., Park, J., Krysler, A. R., Jovel, J., Kim, S. K., & Hubbard, B. P. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03927-0 · Cited by 190
A review of emerging physical transfection methods for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing
Fajrial, A. K., He, Q. Q., Wirusanti, N. I., Slansky, J. E., & Ding, X. (2020) · Theranostics · doi:10.7150/thno.43465 · Cited by 185
A High-Throughput Platform to Identify Small-Molecule Inhibitors of CRISPR-Cas9
Maji, B., Gangopadhyay, S. A., Lee, M., Shi, M., Wu, P., Heler, R., Mok, B. Y., Lim, D., Siriwardena, S. U., Paul, B., et al. (2019) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2019.04.009 · Cited by 189
Controlling CRISPR-Cas9 with ligand-activated and ligand-deactivated sgRNAs
Kundert, K., Lucas, J. E., Watters, K. E., Fellmann, C., Ng, A. H., Heineike, B. M., Fitzsimmons, C. M., Oakes, B. L., Qu, J., Prasad, N. K., et al. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-09985-2 · Cited by 189
Chen, B., Hu, J., Almeida, R., Liu, H., Balakrishnan, S., Covill‐Cooke, C., Lim, W. A., & Huang, B. (2016) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkv1533 · Cited by 190
Bothmer, A., Phadke, T., Barrera, L. A., Margulies, C. M., Lee, C. S., Buquicchio, F., Moss, S., Abdulkerim, H. S., Selleck, W., Jayaram, H., et al. (2017) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms13905 · Cited by 187
Engineering of high-precision base editors for site-specific single nucleotide replacement
Tan, J., Zhang, F., Karcher, D., & Bock, R. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-08034-8 · Cited by 198
Rational designs of in vivo CRISPR-Cas delivery systems
Xu, C., Chen, G., Luo, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, G., Lu, Z.-D., Czarna, A., Gu, Z., & Wang, J. (2019) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2019.11.005 · Cited by 187
Structural biology of CRISPR–Cas immunity and genome editing enzymes
Wang, J. Y., Pausch, P., & Doudna, J. A. (2022) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41579-022-00739-4 · Cited by 191
CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology in filamentous fungi: progress and perspective
Song, R., Zhai, Q., Sun, L., Huang, E., Zhang, Y., Zhu, Y., Guo, Q., Tian, Y., Zhao, B., & Lu, H. X. (2019) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s00253-019-10007-w · Cited by 194
Precision genome editing in the CRISPR era
Salsman, J., & Dellaire, G. (2016) · Biochemistry and Cell Biology · doi:10.1139/bcb-2016-0137 · Cited by 193
Structure of the miniature type V-F CRISPR-Cas effector enzyme
Takeda, S. N., Nakagawa, R., Okazaki, S., Hirano, H., Kobayashi, K., Kusakizako, T., Nishizawa, T., Yamashita, K., Nishimasu, H., & Nureki, O. (2020) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2020.11.035 · Cited by 185
Guo, T. W., Bartesaghi, A., Yang, H., Falconieri, V., Rao, P., Merk, A., Eng, E. T., Raczkowski, A. M., Fox, T. L., Earl, L. A., et al. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.09.006 · Cited by 184
Update on gastric cancer treatments and gene therapies
Biagioni, A., Skalamera, I., Peri, S., Schiavone, N., Cianchi, F., Giommoni, E., Magnelli, L., & Papucci, L. (2019) · Cancer and Metastasis Reviews · doi:10.1007/s10555-019-09803-7 · Cited by 184
RNA-dependent RNA targeting by CRISPR-Cas9
Strutt, S. C., Torrez, R. M., Kaya, E., Negrete, O. A., & Doudna, J. A. (2018) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.32724 · Cited by 186
Precise insertion and guided editing of higher plant genomes using Cpf1 CRISPR nucleases
Begemann, M. B., Gray, B. N., January, E., Gordon, G. C., He, Y., Liu, H., Wu, X., Brutnell, T. P., Mockler, T. C., & Oufattole, M. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-11760-6 · Cited by 183
Immunogenicity of Cas9 Protein
Mehta, A., & Merkel, O. M. (2019) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.xphs.2019.10.003 · Cited by 192
Directing cellular information flow via CRISPR signal conductors
Liu, Y., Zhan, Y., Chen, Z., He, A., Li, J., Wu, H., Liu, L., Zhuang, C., Lin, J., Guo, X., et al. (2016) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.3994 · Cited by 186
C2c1-sgRNA Complex Structure Reveals RNA-Guided DNA Cleavage Mechanism
Liu, L., Chen, P., Wang, M., Li, X., Wang, J., Yin, M., & Wang, Y. (2016) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2016.11.040 · Cited by 177
Highly efficient genome editing by CRISPR-Cpf1 using CRISPR RNA with a uridinylate-rich 3′-overhang
Moon, S. B., Lee, J. M., Kang, J. G., Lee, N.-E., Ha, D.-I., Kim, D. Y., Kim, S. H., Yoo, K., Kim, J., Kim, J., et al. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06129-w · Cited by 187
Application of CRISPR/Cas9-Based Gene Editing in HIV-1/AIDS Therapy
Xiao, Q., Guo, D., & Chen, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2019.00069 · Cited by 193
Development of CRISPR-Cas systems for genome editing and beyond
Zhang, F. (2019) · Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics · doi:10.1017/s0033583519000052 · Cited by 188
Ye, Y., Zhang, X., Xie, F., Xu, B., Xie, P., Yang, T., Shi, Q., Zhang, C., Zhang, Y., Chen, J., et al. (2020) · Biomaterials Science · doi:10.1039/d0bm00427h · Cited by 184
Deciphering, Communicating, and Engineering the CRISPR PAM
Leenay, R. T., & Beisel, C. L. (2016) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2016.11.024 · Cited by 180
Zhang, B. (2020) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.30064 · Cited by 191
Inhibition Mechanism of an Anti-CRISPR Suppressor AcrIIA4 Targeting SpyCas9
Yang, H., & Patel, D. J. (2017) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2017.05.024 · Cited by 177
Recent Progress in CRISPR/Cas9 Technology
Mei, Y., Wang, Y., Chen, H., Sun, Z. S., & Ju, X.-D. (2016) · Journal of Genetics and Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2016.01.001 · Cited by 148
A catalogue of biochemically diverse CRISPR-Cas9 orthologs
Gasiūnas, G., Young, J. K., Karvelis, T., Kazlauskas, D., Urbaitis, T., Jasnauskaitė, M., Grusyte, M. M., Paulraj, S., Wang, P.-H., Hou, Z., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19344-1 · Cited by 181
Carlson-Stevermer, J., Abdeen, A. A., Kohlenberg, L., Goedland, M., Molugu, K., Lou, M., & Saha, K. (2017) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01875-9 · Cited by 170
Targeted degradation of transcription factors by TRAFTACs: TRAnscription Factor TArgeting Chimeras
Samarasinghe, K. T. G., Jaime-Figueroa, S., Burgess, M., Nalawansha, D. A., Dai, K., Hu, Z., Bebenek, A., Holley, S. A., & Crews, C. M. (2021) · Cell Chemical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.03.011 · Cited by 182
CRISPR/dCas9 Tools: Epigenetic Mechanism and Application in Gene Transcriptional Regulation
Cai, R., Lv, R., Shi, X., Yang, G., & Jin, J. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms241914865 · Cited by 189
The structural biology of CRISPR-Cas systems
Jiang, F., & Doudna, J. A. (2015) · Current Opinion in Structural Biology · doi:10.1016/j.sbi.2015.02.002 · Cited by 182
Precision genome editing using cytosine and adenine base editors in mammalian cells
Huang, T. P., Newby, G. A., & Liu, D. R. (2021) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/s41596-020-00450-9 · Cited by 175
CRISPR/Cas9: A powerful tool for crop genome editing
Song, G., Jia, M., Chen, K., Kong, X., Khattak, B., Xie, C., Li, A., & Mao, L. (2016) · The Crop Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cj.2015.12.002 · Cited by 180
CRISPR-Cas9 conformational activation as elucidated from enhanced molecular simulations
Palermo, G., Miao, Y., Walker, R. C., Jínek, M., & McCammon, J. A. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1707645114 · Cited by 184
R-loop formation and conformational activation mechanisms of Cas9
Pačesa, M., Loeff, L., Querques, I., Muckenfuss, L. M., Sawicka, M., & Jínek, M. (2022) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05114-0 · Cited by 176
Evaluating and enhancing target specificity of gene-editing nucleases and deaminases
Kim, D., Luk, K., Wolfe, S. A., & Kim, J.-S. (2019) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev-biochem-013118-111730 · Cited by 171
Synthetic biology and metabolic engineering of actinomycetes for natural product discovery
Palazzotto, E., Tong, Y., Lee, S. Y., & Weber, T. (2019) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.03.005 · Cited by 176
Mobile Genetic Elements and Evolution of CRISPR-Cas Systems: All the Way There and Back
Koonin, E. V., & Makarova, K. S. (2017) · Genome Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/gbe/evx192 · Cited by 172
Yamada, M., Watanabe, Y., Gootenberg, J. S., Hirano, H., Ran, F. A., Nakane, T., Ishitani, R., Zhang, F., Nishimasu, H., & Nureki, O. (2017) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2017.02.007 · Cited by 170
Lau, C.-H., & Suh, Y. (2017) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.11243.1 · Cited by 161
Advances in CRISPR-Cas9 genome engineering: lessons learned from RNA interference
Barrangou, R., Birmingham, A., Wiemann, S., Beijersbergen, R. L., Hornung, V., & Smith, A. V. B. (2015) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkv226 · Cited by 173
Titrating gene expression using libraries of systematically attenuated CRISPR guide RNAs
Jost, M., Santos, D. A., Saunders, R. A., Horlbeck, M. A., Hawkins, J. S., Scaria, S. M., Norman, T. M., Hussmann, J. A., Liem, C. R., Gross, C. A., et al. (2020) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-019-0387-5 · Cited by 164
RNases H: Structure and mechanism
Hyjek‐Składanowska, M., Figiel, M., & Nowotny, M. (2019) · DNA repair · doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102672 · Cited by 183
AsCas12a ultra nuclease facilitates the rapid generation of therapeutic cell medicines
Zhang, L., Zuris, J. A., Viswanathan, R., Edelstein, J., Turk, R., Thommandru, B., Rube, H. T., Glenn, S. E., Collingwood, M. A., Bode, N. M., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24017-8 · Cited by 170
Long-term dual-color tracking of genomic loci by modified sgRNAs of the CRISPR/Cas9 system
Shao, S., Zhang, W., Hu, H., Xue, B., Qin, J., Sun, C., Sun, Y., Wei, W., & Sun, Y. (2016) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkw066 · Cited by 166
Simultaneous repression of multiple bacterial genes using nonrepetitive extra-long sgRNA arrays
Reis, A. C., Halper, S. M., Vezeau, G. E., Cetnar, D. P., Hossain, A., Clauer, P. R., & Salis, H. M. (2019) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-019-0286-9 · Cited by 160
Cryo-EM structures reveal coordinated domain motions that govern DNA cleavage by Cas9
Zhu, X. Q., Clarke, R., Puppala, A. K., Chittori, S., Merk, A., Merrill, B. J., Simonović, M., & Subramaniam, S. (2019) · Nature Structural & Molecular Biology · doi:10.1038/s41594-019-0258-2 · Cited by 158
Targeted homology-directed repair in blood stem and progenitor cells with CRISPR nanoformulations
Shahbazi, R., Sghia-Hughes, G., Reid, J. L., Kubek, S., Haworth, K. G., Humbert, O., Kiem, H., & Adair, J. E. (2019) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/s41563-019-0385-5 · Cited by 158
CRISPR-Cas for genome editing: Classification, mechanism, designing and applications
Bhatia, S. K., ., P., & Yadav, S. K. (2023) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124054 · Cited by 178
Structural insights into DNA cleavage activation of CRISPR-Cas9 system
Huai, C., Li, G., Yao, R., Zhang, Y., Mi, C., Kong, L., Jia, C., Yuan, H., Chen, H., Lu, D., et al. (2017) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01496-2 · Cited by 160
Yang, B., Kong, J., & Fang, X. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-31740-3 · Cited by 163
Structural basis for the altered PAM specificities of engineered CRISPR-cas9
Hirano, S., Nishimasu, H., Ishitani, R., & Nureki, O. (2016) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2016.02.018 · Cited by 152
Zeng, H., Wen, S., Xu, W., He, Z., Zhai, G., Liu, Y., Deng, Z., & Sun, Y. (2015) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s00253-015-6931-4 · Cited by 158
Koonin, E. V. (2017) · Biology Direct · doi:10.1186/s13062-017-0177-2 · Cited by 153
Watanabe, K., Kobayashi, A., Endo, M., Sage‐Ono, K., Toki, S., & Ono, M. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-10715-1 · Cited by 158
Internal guide RNA interactions interfere with Cas9-mediated cleavage
Thyme, S. B., Akhmetova, L., Montague, T. G., Valen, E., & Schier, A. F. (2016) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms11750 · Cited by 154
Enhancement of target specificity of CRISPR–Cas12a by using a chimeric DNA–RNA guide
Kim, H., Lee, W.-J., Oh, Y., Kang, S.-H., Hur, J. K., Lee, H., Song, W., Lim, K. S., Park, Y., Song, B., et al. (2020) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkaa605 · Cited by 151
Current status and perspectives of genome editing technology for microalgae
Jeon, S., Lim, J.-M., Lee, H.-G., Shin, S.-E., Kang, N. K., Park, Y.-I., Oh, H.-M., Jeong, W.-J., Jeong, B.-R., & Chang, Y. K. (2017) · Biotechnology for Biofuels · doi:10.1186/s13068-017-0957-z · Cited by 154
Domain-focused CRISPR screen identifies HRI as a fetal hemoglobin regulator in human erythroid cells
Grevet, J. D., Lan, X., Hamagami, N., Edwards, C. R., Sankaranarayanan, L., Ji, X., Bhardwaj, S. K., Face, C. J., Posocco, D. F., Abdulmalik, O. Y., et al. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aao0932 · Cited by 151
CRISPR-Cas9/Cas12a biotechnology and application in bacteria
Yao, R., Liu, D., Jia, X., Zheng, Y., Liu, W. Y., & Xiao, Y. (2018) · Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.synbio.2018.09.004 · Cited by 165
A Streamlined CRISPR Pipeline to Reliably Generate Zebrafish Frameshifting Alleles
Talbot, J. C., & Amacher, S. L. (2014) · Zebrafish · doi:10.1089/zeb.2014.1047 · Cited by 152
Genome engineering via TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 systems: challenges and perspectives
Mahfouz, M. M., Piatek, A., & Stewart, C. N. (2014) · Plant Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1111/pbi.12256 · Cited by 154
Functional Insights Revealed by the Kinetic Mechanism of CRISPR/Cas9
Raper, A. T., Stephenson, A. A., & Suo, Z. (2018) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.7b13047 · Cited by 148
New Biotechnological Tools for the Genetic Improvement of Major Woody Fruit Species
Limera, C., Sabbadini, S., Sweet, J. B., & Mezzetti, B. (2017) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.01418 · Cited by 161
CRISPR technologies for bacterial systems: Current achievements and future directions
Choi, K. R., & Lee, S. Y. (2016) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.08.002 · Cited by 151
Immunity to CRISPR Cas9 and Cas12a therapeutics
Chew, W. L. (2017) · WIREs Systems Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1002/wsbm.1408 · Cited by 150
The application of the CRISPR-Cas system in antibiotic resistance
Tao, S., Chen, H., Li, N., & Liang, W. (2022) · Infection and Drug Resistance · doi:10.2147/idr.s370869 · Cited by 147
Chen, W., Zhang, Y., Yeo, W., Bae, T., & Ji, Q. (2017) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.6b13317 · Cited by 152
Type II-C CRISPR-Cas9 Biology, Mechanism, and Application
Mir, A., Edraki, A., Lee, J., & Sontheimer, E. J. (2017) · ACS Chemical Biology · doi:10.1021/acschembio.7b00855 · Cited by 155
Josephs, E. A., Koçak, D. D., Fitzgibbon, C. J., McMenemy, J., Gersbach, C. A., & Marszałek, P. E. (2015) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkv892 · Cited by 147
Towards application of CRISPR-Cas12a in the design of modern viral DNA detection tools (Review)
Dronina, J., Samukaitė-Bubnienė, U., & Ramanavičius, A. (2022) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/s12951-022-01246-7 · Cited by 148
Probing the impact of chromatin conformation on genome editing tools
Chen, X., Rinsma, M., Janssen, J. M., Liu, J., Maggio, I., & Gonçalves, M. A. F. V. (2016) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkw524 · Cited by 145
Synthetically modified guide RNA and donor DNA are a versatile platform for CRISPR-Cas9 engineering
Lee, K., Mackley, V. A., Rao, A., Chong, A. T., DeWitt, M. A., Corn, J. E., & Murthy, N. (2017) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.25312 · Cited by 147
FnCpf1: a novel and efficient genome editing tool for Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Świat, M., Dashko, S., den Ridder, M., Wijsman, M., John van der, O. O. S. T., Daran, J.-M. G., & Daran-Lapujade, P. A. S. (2017) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkx1007 · Cited by 140
Clarke, R., Heler, R., MacDougall, M. S., Yeo, N. C., Chavez, A., Regan, M. R., Hanakahi, L. A., Church, G. M., Marraffini, L. A., & Merrill, B. J. (2018) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2018.06.005 · Cited by 148
Switching the activity of Cas12a using guide RNA strand displacement circuits
Oesinghaus, L., & Simmel, F. C. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-09953-w · Cited by 142
Recent advances and applications of CRISPR-Cas9 in cancer immunotherapy
Liu, Z., Shi, M., Ren, Y., Xu, H., Weng, S., Ning, W., Ge, X., Liu, L., Guo, C., Duo, M., et al. (2023) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-023-01738-6 · Cited by 160
Li, J., Shou, J., Guo, Y., Tang, Y., Wu, Y., Jia, Z., Zhai, Y., Chen, Z., Xu, Q., & Wu, Q. (2015) · Journal of Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1093/jmcb/mjv016 · Cited by 144
Schimmel, J., Kool, H., van Schendel, R., & Tijsterman, M. (2017) · EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.201796948 · Cited by 128
An anti-CRISPR protein disables type V Cas12a by acetylation
Dong, L., Guan, X., Li, N., Zhang, F., Zhu, Y., Ren, K., Yu, L., Zhou, F., Han, Z., Gao, N., et al. (2019) · Nature Structural & Molecular Biology · doi:10.1038/s41594-019-0206-1 · Cited by 141
Metadata
- Authors
- Nishimasu, H., Ran, F. A., Hsu, P. D., Konermann, S., Shehata, S. I., Dohmae, N., Ishitani, R., Zhang, F., & Nureki, O.
- Affiliations
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JP)
- Broad Institute (US)
- RIKEN (JP)
- The University of Tokyo (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Zhang, Feng
- Nureki, Osamu
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-02
- Volume
- 156
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 935-949
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4139937
- OpenAlex
- W2107959600
- Cited by
- 2,306
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 130 · 2025: 193 · 2024: 221 · 2023: 177 · 2022: 229 · 2021: 218 · 2020: 215 · 2019: 212 · 2018: 191 · 2017: 193 · 2016: 149 · 2015: 93 · 2014: 80
- FWCI
- 70.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- PMC
- Funders
- PRESTO from the Japan Science and Technology (JST) Agency
- Drug Discovery and Informatics
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST)
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
- NIH (5DP1-MH100706)
- Keck
- McKnight
- Poitras
- Merkin
- Vallee
- Damon Runyon
- Searle Scholars
- Klingenstein
- Simons Foundations
- Bob Metcalfe
- Jane Pauley
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA regulation and disease
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Structural Biology › Enzyme Structure and Function
- Keywords
- CRISPR/Cas12a, guide RNA, target DNA, RNA-guided DNA cleavage, protospacer adjacent motif, genome editing, crystal structure
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Bacteria, DNA, Bacterial, Endonucleases, Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, RNA, Bacterial, Streptococcus pyogenes, Sequence Alignment, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Crystallography, X-Ray, RNA, Small Untranslated, CRISPR-Associated Proteins
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
