Cited by 2,303Acute Myeloid Leukemia ResearchSingle-cell and spatial transcriptomicsRetinoids in leukemia and cellular processes

Data-Driven Phenotypic Dissection of AML Reveals Progenitor-like Cells that Correlate with Prognosis

Open access
Levine, Jacob H., Simonds, Erin F., Bendall, Sean C., Davis, Kara L., Amir, El-ad D., Tadmor, Michelle D., Litvin, Oren, Fienberg, Harris G. +8 more·2015·Cell

Abstract

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) manifests as phenotypically and functionally diverse cells, often within the same patient. Intratumor phenotypic and functional heterogeneity have been linked primarily by physical sorting experiments, which assume that functionally distinct subpopulations can be prospectively isolated by surface phenotypes. This assumption has proven problematic, and we therefore developed a data-driven approach. Using mass cytometry, we profiled surface and intracellular signaling proteins simultaneously in millions of healthy and leukemic cells. We developed PhenoGraph, which algorithmically defines phenotypes in high-dimensional single-cell data. PhenoGraph revealed that the surface phenotypes of leukemic blasts do not necessarily reflect their intracellular state. Using hematopoietic progenitors, we defined a signaling-based measure of cellular phenotype, which led to isolation of a gene expression signature that was predictive of survival in independent cohorts. This study presents new methods for large-scale analysis of single-cell heterogeneity and demonstrates their utility, yielding insights into AML pathophysiology.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.cell.2015.05.047

Cites

32 of 32 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • PhenoGraph clustering identified 18 distinct populations within 48,822 wildtype cells, including emergent mesenchymal, myocardial, and endothelial populations.

    “We used PhenoGraph39 clustering to identify diversity captured within the 48,822 wildtype cells and annotated 18 distinct populations, including emergent mesenchymal, myocardial, and endothelial populations”
  • The cellular transcriptomic state space can be modeled as a smooth, low-dimensional manifold or a set of manifolds.

    “We begin by modeling the cellular transcriptomic state space as a smooth, low-dimensional manifold or set of manifolds.”
  • The scale and precision of single-cell studies has continued to increase, reaching tens of thousands of cells for massively parallel scRNA-seq and millions of cells for mass cytometry protein measurements.

    “The scale and precision of such studies has continued to increase, reaching tens of thousands of cells for massively parallel scRNA-seq30,31 and millions of cells for mass cytometry signature protein measurements32–34.”
  • Using the latest protocols for massively parallel scRNA-seq and mass cytometry, a single laboratory can now readily collect tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of single-cell RNA-seq profiles and tens of millions of single-cell protein profiles.

    “Using the latest protocols for massively parallel scRNA-seq30,31 and mass cytometry32–34, a single laboratory can now readily collect tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of single-cell RNA-seq profiles and tens of millions of single-cell protein profiles.”
  • Some microbiotypes were clearly separate, while others overlapped with neighboring clusters.

    “Some were distinct (for example, clusters 9 and 19), while others (for example, clusters 13 and 27) had overlapping features with neighboring clusters (Supplementary Fig. 14a)54.”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Levine, J. H., Simonds, E. F., Bendall, S. C., Davis, K. L., Amir, E.-A. D., Tadmor, M. D., Litvin, O., Fienberg, H. G., Jager, A., Zunder, E. R., Finck, R., Gedman, A. L., Radtke, I., Downing, J. R., Pe’er, D., & Nolan, G. P.
Affiliations
  • Columbia University (US)
  • Stanford University (US)
  • Stanford Medicine (US)
  • St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (US)
Corresponding author
  • Pe’er, Dana
  • Nolan, Garry P.
Venue
Cell
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-07
Volume
162
Issue
1
Pages
184-197
ISSN
0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1631320694
Cited by
2,303
References
32
Citations by year
2026: 151 · 2025: 251 · 2024: 318 · 2023: 291 · 2022: 305 · 2021: 277 · 2020: 200 · 2019: 202 · 2018: 135 · 2017: 99 · 2016: 60 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 1
FWCI
80.05
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cell (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (HHSN272200700038C, U54CA149145, U19 AI057229, DP1-HD084071, SU2C-AACR-PS04, 1R01CA130826, 1R00-GM104148, 5U54CA143907, P01 CA034233, R01-CA164729 U54-CA121852, N01-HV-00242, DP2-OD002414)
  • Entertainment Industry Foundation
  • Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation (DRG-2017-09)
  • California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (DR1-01477, RB2-01592)
  • U.S. Food and Drug Administration (HHSF223201210194C)
  • European Commission (HEALTH.2010.1.2-1)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes
Keywords
acute myeloid leukemia, intratumoral heterogeneity, mass cytometry, single-cell heterogeneity, intracellular signaling, prognostic gene signature, survival prediction
MeSH terms
Bone Marrow, Child, Humans, Neoplastic Stem Cells, Cohort Studies, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Genetic Heterogeneity, Computational Biology, Single-Cell Analysis, Transcriptome

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review