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Cyberchondriasis: Fact or fiction? A preliminary examination of the relationship between health anxiety and searching for health information on the Internet
Open accessAbstract
This study examined the relationship between health anxiety and searching for health information online, a phenomenon dubbed 'cyberchondria'. The majority of those with 'high' (n=46) and 'low' (n=36) levels of health anxiety reported seeking health information online. However, those with higher levels of health anxiety sought online health information more frequently, spent longer searching, and found searching more distressing and anxiety provoking. Furthermore, more responses in the high than low health anxiety group related to searching for information on diagnosed and undiagnosed medical conditions, descriptions of others' experiences of illnesses and using message boards/support groups, although the largest proportion of responses in both groups was accounted for by seeking information on symptoms. Linear regression (n=167) revealed significant relationships between health anxiety and the frequency, duration and distress and anxiety associated with searching for health information online. This preliminary data suggests that searching for health information online may exacerbate health anxiety.
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“Moreover, self-esteem was also found to predict CYB indirectly, through increased health anxiety and obsessive-compulsive symptoms.”
From Is cyberchondria a new transdiagnostic digital compulsive syndrome? A systematic review of the evidence (2020) · cites this paper as [46]
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“This finding builds on previous work reporting that cyberchondria is closely linked to health anxiety [3, 7-9, 19, 21, 22]”
From What are the Implications of Excessive Internet Searches for Medical Information by Orthopaedic Patients? (2019) · cites this paper as [21]
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“Cyberchondria and intolerance of uncertainty have been shown to be associated with health anxiety [3, 7-10, 19, 21, 22, 34]”
From What are the Implications of Excessive Internet Searches for Medical Information by Orthopaedic Patients? (2019) · cites this paper as [21]
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“These findings suggest that low self-esteem may represent a vulnerability factor for CYB [46].”
From Is cyberchondria a new transdiagnostic digital compulsive syndrome? A systematic review of the evidence (2020) · cites this paper as [46]
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“Bajcar and Babiak [46] found a direct association between low selfesteem and higher severity of CYB (measured with the CSS).”
From Is cyberchondria a new transdiagnostic digital compulsive syndrome? A systematic review of the evidence (2020) · cites this paper as [46]
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“Cyberchondria and intolerance of uncertainty have been shown to be associated with health anxiety [3, 7-10, 19, 21, 22, 34]”
From What are the Implications of Excessive Internet Searches for Medical Information by Orthopaedic Patients? (2019) · cites this paper as [21]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Muse, K., McManus, F., Leung, C., Meghreblian, B., & Williams, J. M. G.
- Affiliations
- Warneford Hospital (GB)
- Corresponding author
- McManus, Freda
- Venue
- Journal of Anxiety Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-01
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 189-196
- ISSN
- 0887-6185 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2109943853
- Cited by
- 303
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 24 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 16.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- orcid.org
- Locations
- Journal of Anxiety Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Repository (University of Gloucestershire) (acceptedVersion)
- Research Repository (University of Gloucestershire) (submittedVersion)
- Worcester Research and Publications (University of Worcester) (submittedVersion)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (GR 067797)
- Lupina Foundation
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Literacy and Information Accessibility
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- health anxiety, online health information seeking, online search behavior, symptom checking, online support groups, online forums
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Female, Humans, Hypochondriasis, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Internet, Information Seeking Behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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