A blast from the past: The terror management function of nostalgia
Open accessThe claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the mortality-salience condition, nostalgia decreased death-thought accessibility.
“Again, in the mortalitysalience condition, nostalgia decreased death-thought accessibility.”
From To Nostalgize (2015) · cites this paper as Routledge et al., 2008, Experiment 3
In the mortality salience (but not control) condition, more nostalgic participants reported higher meaning.
“In the case of mortality salience (but not control), more nostalgic participants reported higher meaning.”
From To Nostalgize (2015) · cites this paper as Routledge et al., 2008, Experiment 1
In the mortality-salience (but not control) condition, higher levels of nostalgia were associated with lower death-thought accessibility.
“In the mortality-salience (but not control) condition, higher levels of nostalgia were associated with lower death-thought accessibility.”
From To Nostalgize (2015) · cites this paper as Routledge et al., 2008, Experiment 2
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Multiple regression: testing and interpreting interactions
(1992) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.29-3352 · Cited by 36,644 · see citing works
The satisfaction with life scale
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13 · Cited by 31,768 · see citing works
Society and the Adolescent Self-Image
Rosenberg, M. (1965) · doi:10.1515/9781400876136 · Cited by 30,126 · see citing works
Depression. Clinical, Experimental, and Theoretical Aspects.
(1968) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-68-2-502 · Cited by 5,232 · see citing works
Putting time in perspective: A valid, reliable individual-differences metric.
Zimbardo, P. G., & Boyd, J. N. (1999) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.77.6.1271 · Cited by 2,520 · see citing works
The Causes and Consequences of a Need for Self-Esteem: A Terror Management Theory
Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T., & Solomon, S. (1986) · Public Self and Private Self · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-9564-5_10 · Cited by 2,326 · cited 8× · see citing works
“Research derived from terror management theory (TMT: Greenberg, Pyszczynski, & Solomon, 1986) has focused on a wide range of behaviors that reXect eVorts to reinforce a sense of meaning in the face of the awareness of mortality (e.g., defense of cultural worldviews, self-esteem strivings, eVorts to deny similarities t…”
BackgroundInfluentialLinguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC)
Chung, C. K., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2012) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-60960-741-8.ch012 · Cited by 2,152 · see citing works
Putting Time in Perspective: A Valid, Reliable Individual-Differences Metric
Zimbardo, P. G., & Boyd, J. N. (2015) · Time Perspective Theory; Review, Research and Application · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-07368-2_2 · Cited by 2,147 · see citing works
Assumptive Worlds and the Stress of Traumatic Events: Applications of the Schema Construct
Janoff‐Bulman, R. (1989) · Social Cognition · doi:10.1521/soco.1989.7.2.113 · Cited by 1,771 · see citing works
(2004) · Cited by 1,588 · see citing works
Handbook of motivation science
Shah, J. Y., & Gardner, W. L. (2008) · Cited by 1,404 · see citing works
Why Do People Need Self-Esteem? A Theoretical and Empirical Review.
Pyszczynski, T., Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., Arndt, J., & Schimel, J. (2004) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130.3.435 · Cited by 1,367 · see citing works
Self-citationRosenblatt, A., Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., Pyszczynski, T., & Lyon, D. (1989) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.57.4.681 · Cited by 1,323 · see citing works
Positive affect and the experience of meaning in life.
King, L. A., Hicks, J. A., Krull, J. L., & Del Gaiso, A. K. (2006) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.90.1.179 · Cited by 1,253 · see citing works
Nostalgia: content, triggers, functions
Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Arndt, J., & Routledge, C. (2006) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.91.5.975 · Cited by 1,252 · see citing works
Self-citationPrejudice as self-image maintenance: Affirming the self through derogating others.
Fein, S., & Spencer, S. J. (1997) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.73.1.31 · Cited by 1,047 · see citing works
(1986) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-9564-5 · Cited by 849 · see citing works
Depression: Clinical, Experimental and Theoretical Aspects.
Sabshin, M. (1968) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1968.01740120126024 · Cited by 822 · see citing works
Harmon-Jones, E., Simon, L., Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T., Solomon, S., & McGregor, H. (1997) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.72.1.24 · Cited by 677 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Schmeichel and Martens (2005), Mikulincer and Florian (2002), and Harmon-Jones et al. (1997) found similar buVering eVects for self-aYrmation, self-serving bias, and self-esteem boosts, respectively.”
BackgroundCompensatory conviction in the face of personal uncertainty: Going to extremes and being oneself.
McGregor, I., Zanna, M. P., Holmes, J. G., & Spencer, S. J. (2001) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.80.3.472 · Cited by 523 · see citing works
Affirmation of personal values buffers neuroendocrine and psychological stress responses
Creswell, J. D., Welch, W. T., Taylor, S. E., Sherman, D. K., Gruenewald, T. L., & Mann, T. (2005) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01624.x · Cited by 482 · see citing works
The existential function of close relationships: Introducing death into the science of love
Mikulincer, M., Florian, V., & Hirschberger, G. (2003) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0701_2 · Cited by 477 · see citing works
Using the Past to Enhance the Present: Boosting Happiness Through Positive Reminiscence
Bryant, F. B., Smart, C. M., & King, S. P. (2005) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-005-3889-4 · Cited by 441 · see citing works
Arndt, J., Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., Pyszczynski, T., & Simon, L. (1997) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.73.1.5 · Cited by 372 · see citing works
Self-citationFlorian, V., Mikulincer, M., & Hirschberger, G. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.82.4.527 · Cited by 334 · see citing works
Areán, P. A., Perri, M. G., Nezu, A. M., Schein, R. L., Christopher, F., & Joseph, T. X. (1993) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.61.6.1003 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
Nostalgia a psychological perspective
Batcho, K. I. (1995) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1995.80.1.131 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Greenberg, J., Arndt, J., Simon, L., Pyszczynski, T., & Solomon, S. (2000) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167200261009 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Self-citationA Function of Form: Terror Management and Structuring the Social World.
Landau, M. J., Johns, M., Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T., Martens, A., Goldenberg, J. L., & Solomon, S. (2004) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.87.2.190 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
(2004) · ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Self-citationAreán, P. A., Perri, M. G., Nezu, A. M., et al. (1993) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.61.6.1003 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
A time to tan: Proximal and distal effects of mortality salience on sun exposure intentions
Routledge, C., Arndt, J., & Goldenberg, J. L. (2004) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167204264056 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Self-citationSchmeichel, B. J., & Martens, A. (2005) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167204271567 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Understanding Behavior in the Context of Time
(2006) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410613516 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
(2008) · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Self-citation"It's the End of the World as We Know It": Threat and the Spatial-Symbolic Self.
Burris, C. T., & Rempel, J. K. (2004) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.86.1.19 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Simon, L., Arndt, J., Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T., & Solomon, S. (1998) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/1467-6494.00016 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Self-citationMikulincer, M., & Florian, V. (2002) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15324834basp2404_2 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Arndt, J., Cook, A., & Routledge, C. D. (2004) · ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citationNostalgia as enabler of self-continuity
Sedikides, C., Wildschut, T., Gaertner, L., Routledge, C. D., & Arndt, J. (2008) · ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citationCreative reminiscence as an early intervention for depression: Results of a pilot project
Bohlmeijer, E., Valenkamp, M. W., Westerhof, G., Smit, F., & Cuijpers, P. (2005) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607860500089567 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Vicarious annihilation: The effect of mortality salience on perceptions of hate crimes.
Lieberman, J. D., Arndt, J., Personius, J. L., & Cook, A. (2001) · Law and Human Behavior · doi:10.1023/a:1012738706166 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citation(2006) · ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationTime and Terror: Managing Temporal Consciousness and the Awareness of Mortality
(2006) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410613516-12 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
(2005) · ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- [4]4. Greenberg, S. L., Koole, & T. Pyszczynski (Eds.), Handbook of experimental existential psychology (pp. 35-53). New York: Guilford Press.
- [8]8. Becker, E. (1971). The birth and death of meaning (2nd ed.) New York: Free Press.
- [34]34. Rosenthal, R., & Rosnow, R. L. (1985). Contrast analysis. New York, NY: Cambridge.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Music-evoked nostalgia: Affect, memory, and personality
Barrett, F. S., Grimm, K. J., Robins, R. W., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., & Janata, P. (2010) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0019006 · Cited by 547 · see citing works
“Autobiographical memories have been identified in the literature as a key component of nostalgic experiences (Batcho, 2007; Sedikides, Wildschut, Arndt, & Routledge, 2006; Sedikides et al., 2008).”
BackgroundSelf-citationCounteracting Loneliness: On the Restorative Function of Nostalgia
Zhou, X., Sedikides, C., Wildschut, T., & Gao, D.-G. (2008) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02194.x · Cited by 468 · see citing works
“From a social psychology perspective, they raise questions such as, what are the consequences of heightened perceptions of social support among lonely (and resilient) individuals? Might one consequence be reduced death-thought accessibility (Routledge et al., 2008) and, by implication, lower existential anxiety? Also,…”
BackgroundSelf-citationOdyssey's end: Lay conceptions of nostalgia reflect its original Homeric meaning
Hepper, E. G., Ritchie, T. D., Sedikides, C., & Wildschut, T. (2012) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0025167 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
Self-citationThe past makes the present meaningful: Nostalgia as an existential resource
Routledge, C., Arndt, J., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Hart, C. M., Juhl, J., Vingerhoets, A. J. J. M., & Schlotz, W. (2011) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0024292 · Cited by 463 · see citing works
Self-citationNostalgia: Past, Present, and Future
Sedikides, C., Wildschut, T., Arndt, J., & Routledge, C. (2008) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00595.x · Cited by 536 · see citing works
“Nostalgia has been conceptualized variously as a negative, ambivalent, or positive emotion (Sedikides et al., 2004). These conceptualizations were put to test. In a study by Wildschut, Stephan, Sedikides, Routledge, and Arndt (2008), British and American undergraduates wrote narratives about a ‘‘nostalgic event’’ (vs.”
Self-citationHayes, J., Schimel, J., Arndt, J., & Faucher, E. H. (2010) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0020524 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
Self-citationSedikides, C., Wildschut, T., Routledge, C., Arndt, J., Hepper, E. G., & Zhou, X. (2015) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/bs.aesp.2014.10.001 · Cited by 348 · see citing works
“In a laboratory setting involving US undergraduates, we (Routledge et al., 2011, Preliminary Investigation) measured nostalgia with the Southampton Nostalgia Scale, and meaning with two presence of meaning scales.”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citationSedikides, C., & Wildschut, T. (2017) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/gpr0000109 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
“We (Juhl et al., 2010, Study 2) assessed dispositional nostalgia with the Southampton Nostalgia Scale, manipulated mortality awareness (mortality salience vs. extreme pain salience), and measured death anxiety using the Death of Self subscale of the Revised CollettLester Fear of Death Scale (Lester, 1990), which compr…”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationNostalgia as a repository of social connectedness: The role of attachment-related avoidance
Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Routledge, C., Arndt, J., & Cordaro, F. (2010) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0017597 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
Self-citationBack to the Future: Nostalgia Increases Optimism
Cheung, W.-Y., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Hepper, E. G., Arndt, J., & Vingerhoets, A. J. J. M. (2013) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167213499187 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
“Furthermore, given evidence that nostalgic memories are often recruited in times of loneliness, sadness, boredom, or existential doubt (Routledge et al., 2008; van Tilburg, Igou, & Sedikides, 2013; Wildschut et al., 2006; Zhou et al., 2008), our findings imply that nostalgia, by promoting optimism, could help individu…”
BackgroundSelf-citationSedikides, C., Wildschut, T., Cheung, W.-Y., Routledge, C., Hepper, E. G., Arndt, J., Vail, K., Zhou, X., Brackstone, K., & Vingerhoets, A. J. J. M. (2016) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0000136 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Self-citationStill Preoccupied with 1995: The Need to Belong and Preference for Nostalgic Products
Loveland, K. E., Smeesters, D., & Mandel, N. (2010) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/653043 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
Nostalgia counteracts self‐discontinuity and restores self‐continuity
Sedikides, C., Wildschut, T., Routledge, C. D., & Arndt, J. (2014) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2073 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
“Prior research has shown that the SNS is significantly correlated with other measures of nostalgia proneness in Western (Routledge et al., 2008) and East-Asian (Zhou et al.”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationIn search of meaningfulness: Nostalgia as an antidote to boredom
van Tilburg, W. A. P., Igou, E. R., & Sedikides, C. (2013) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0030442 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
“Routledge and colleagues (Juhl et al., 2010; Routledge et al., 2008) showed that nostalgia helps individuals cope with reminders of their death, illustrating nostalgia’s existential utility.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationNostalgia as a resource for the self
Vess, M., Arndt, J., Routledge, C., Sedikides, C., & Wildschut, T. (2012) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298868.2010.521452 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
“As noted earlier, this topic has been used in previous research, which has shown that this manipulation yields the predicted differences on measures of state nostalgia (Routledge et al., 2008; Wildschut et al., 2006, 2010; Zhou et al., 2008).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationPancultural nostalgia: Prototypical conceptions across cultures.
Hepper, E. G., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Ritchie, T. D., Yung, Y.-F., Hansen, N., Abakoumkin, G., Arikan, G., Cisek, S. Z., Demassosso, D. B., et al. (2014) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0036790 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
“, 2006), and USA (Routledge et al., 2008).”
Self-citationRoutledge, C., Ostafin, B., Juhl, J., Sedikides, C., Cathey, C., & Liao, J. (2010) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0021431 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
“The measure is a word completion task consisting of 28 word fragments, six of which can be completed with either a neutral or a death-related word (Greenberg, Pyszczynski , Solomon, Simon, & Breus, 1994; Mikulincer & Florian, 2000; Routledge et al., 2008).”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationNostalgia: The Gift That Keeps on Giving
Zhou, X., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Shi, K., & Feng, C. (2012) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/662199 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
“Individuals differ in the extent to which they spontaneously engage in nostalgic recollections (Routledge et al. 2008; Zhou et al. 2008).”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationThe power of the past: Nostalgia as a meaning-making resource
Routledge, C., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Juhl, J., & Arndt, J. (2012) · Memory · doi:10.1080/09658211.2012.677452 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Self-citationFighting the future with the past: Nostalgia buffers existential threat
Juhl, J., Routledge, C., Arndt, J., Sedikides, C., & Wildschut, T. (2010) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2010.02.006 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
“Routledge et al. (2008) did not consider the extent to which high nostalgia proneness reduces the need to turn to other terror management structures when death is salient.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationThe sociality of personal and collective nostalgia
Sedikides, C., & Wildschut, T. (2019) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/10463283.2019.1630098 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
“Nostalgia proneness was assessed via both the Southampton Nostalgia Scale (Barrett et al., 2010; Routledge et al., 2008) and the Nostalgia Inventory (Batcho, 1995) where participants rate their nostalgia for 18 aspects of their past (e.g., “my family,” “my friends,” “vacations I went on” “my…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationThe mnemonic mover: Nostalgia regulates avoidance and approach motivation
Stephan, E., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Zhou, X., He, W., Routledge, C., Cheung, W.-Y., & Vingerhoets, A. J. J. M. (2014) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0035673 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
“Prior research showed that the NI and SNS are significantly correlated in US (r[38] ϭ .40, p ϭ .013; Routledge et al., 2008) and Chinese (r[193] ϭ .41, p Ͻ .001; Zhou et al., 2008) samples.”
BackgroundSelf-citationBeing Moved by Unfamiliar Sad Music Is Associated with High Empathy
Eerola, T., Vuoskoski, J. K., & Kautiainen, H. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01176 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
“The difference between felt and perceived emotions was made clear to them (i.e., “How did you feel when you listened to the music?” vs. “How did the music sound like?”).”
Nostalgia and well-being in daily life: An ecological validity perspective.
Newman, D. B., Sachs, M. E., Stone, A. A., & Schwarz, N. (2020) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspp0000236 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Collective nostalgia: A group-level emotion that confers unique benefits on the group.
Wildschut, T., Bruder, M., Robertson, S., van Tilburg, W. A. P., & Sedikides, C. (2014) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0037760 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Self-citationNostalgia as a Resource for Psychological Health and Well‐Being
Routledge, C., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., & Juhl, J. (2013) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12070 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Self-citationSelf-concept Clarity Mediates the Relation between Stress and Subjective Well-being
Ritchie, T. D., Sedikides, C., Wildschut, T., Arndt, J., & Gidron, Y. (2011) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298868.2010.493066 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Self-citationIyer, A., & Jetten, J. (2011) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0022496 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Mental simulation and meaning in life.
Waytz, A., Hershfield, H. E., & Tamir, D. I. (2015) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0038322 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Mandel, N., & Smeesters, D. (2008) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/587626 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
“strategies, such as nostalgia proneness (Routledge et al. 2008) or attachment-related defensive actions (Hart, Shaver, and Goldenberg 2005).”
BackgroundRemembering the real me: Nostalgia offers a window to the intrinsic self.
Baldwin, M., Biernat, M., & Landau, M. J. (2015) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0038033 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Cognitive outcomes of brand heritage: A signaling perspective
Pecot, F., Merchant, A., Valette‐Florence, P., & de Barnier, V. (2018) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.01.016 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
“Past time orientation is therefore a cognitive bias leading to thinking more about the past; it is different from nostalgia proneness as it is purely cognitive and does not imply a valence (Routledge et al., 2008).”
BackgroundReid, C. A., Green, J. D., Wildschut, T., & Sedikides, C. (2015) · Memory · doi:10.1080/09658211.2013.876048 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Self-citationAdaptive and maladaptive attraction to negative emotions in music
Garrido, S., & Schubert, E. (2013) · Musicae Scientiae · doi:10.1177/1029864913478305 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Greenberg, J., & Arndt, J. (2012) · Handbook of Theories of Social Psychology: Volume 1 · doi:10.4135/9781446249215.n20 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Self-citationHeartwarming memories: nostalgia maintains physiological comfort
Zhou, X., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Chen, X., & Vingerhoets, A. J. J. M. (2012) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0027236 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
“Routledge et al. (2008) reported a significant and substantial correlation between the NI and their Southampton Nostalgia Scale (r[38] .”
BackgroundSelf-citationNostalgia-Evoked Inspiration: Mediating Mechanisms and Motivational Implications
Stephan, E., Sedikides, C., Wildschut, T., Cheung, W.-Y., Routledge, C., & Arndt, J. (2015) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167215596985 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Self-citationAbeyta, A. A., Routledge, C., & Juhl, J. (2015) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspi0000036 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Self-citationVess, M., Routledge, C., Landau, M. J., & Arndt, J. (2009) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016417 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
“, 1997), but only a few TMT studies have directly examined how cognitions related to death influence the presence of meaning in life (Routledge et al., 2008; Simon et al., 1998).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationMotivational determinants of integrating positive and negative past identities.
Weinstein, N., Deci, E., & Ryan, R. M. (2011) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0022150 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Stephan, E., Sedikides, C., & Wildschut, T. (2012) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.1865 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
“A nostalgia manipulation check followed (Routledge et al., 2008; Wildschut et al., 2006; Zhou et al., 2008).”
BackgroundSelf-citationRevenge travel: nostalgia and desire for leisure travel post COVID-19
Wang, Y., & Xia, L. (2021) · Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing · doi:10.1080/10548408.2021.2006858 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
“Behavioral literature shows that nostalgia is a resource against existential threats (Routledge et al., 2008).”
BackgroundThe hedonic character of nostalgia: an integrative data analysis
Leunissen, J., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., & Routledge, C. (2021) · Emotion Review · doi:10.1177/1754073920950455 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Self-citationTime capsule: Nostalgia shields psychological wellbeing from limited time horizons.
Hepper, E. G., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Robertson, S., & Routledge, C. D. (2021) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0000728 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
“In line with past investigations (Routledge et al., 2008; Seehusen et al., 2013; Stephan et al., 2015; Zhou et al., 2008), we aimed for”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationSlowing Down in the Good Old Days: The Effect of Nostalgia on Consumer Patience
Huang, X. (., Huang, Z. (., & Wyer, R. S. (2016) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1093/jcr/ucw033 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
“Furthermore, it can provide a sense of meaning in life (Baldwin, Biernat, and Landau 2015) and can serve as a buffer against threats of mortality salience (Routledge et al. 2008).”
BackgroundVignolles, A., & Pichon, P. (2014) · Qualitative Market Research An International Journal · doi:10.1108/qmr-06-2012-0027 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Consumer–Brand Relationships: A Contrast of Nostalgic and Non‐Nostalgic Brands
Kessous, A., Roux, E., & Chandon, J. (2015) · Psychology & Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.20772 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
“Indeed, nostalgia makes it possible to bring positive past perceptions to the surface, favoring a reconnection with one’s experience and contributing to one’s feelings about the meaning of life (Routledge et al., 2008).”
BackgroundSmeekes, A., Verkuyten, M., & Martinović, B. (2014) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjso.12097 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Exploring nostalgia's influence on psychological growth
Baldwin, M., & Landau, M. J. (2014) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298868.2013.772320 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
“That is, we suggest that nostalgia has the ability to provide security in a threatening and uncertain world (e.g., Juhl & Routledge, 2012;Routledge et al., 2008;Wildschut et al., 2006, 2010) and to facilitate growth (Hepper et al., 2012; Iyer & Jetten, 2011), and that the individual deploys…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialIndividual differences in nostalgia proneness: The integrating role of the need to belong
Seehusen, J., Cordaro, F., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Routledge, C., Blackhart, G. C., Epstude, K., & Vingerhoets, A. J. J. M. (2013) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2013.07.020 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
“Routledge et al. (2008) provided evidence for the reliability and construct validity of the SNS.”
BackgroundSelf-citationJuhl, J., & Routledge, C. (2016) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721415625218 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
“To test this, we first administered the Southampton Nostalgia Scale (Routledge et al., 2008).”
MethodSelf-citationThe motivational potency of nostalgia: The future is called yesterday
Sedikides, C., & Wildschut, T. (2019) · Advances in motivation science · doi:10.1016/bs.adms.2019.05.001 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Self-citationNostalgia: Retreat or Support in Difficult Times?
Batcho, K. I. (2013) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.5406/amerjpsyc.126.3.0355 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
When bittersweet turns sour: Adverse effects of nostalgia on habitual worriers
Verplanken, B. (2012) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.1852 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
The mnemonic muse: Nostalgia fosters creativity through openness to experience
van Tilburg, W. A. P., Sedikides, C., & Wildschut, T. (2015) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2015.02.002 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Self-citationLook on the Bright Side (of Media Effects): Pokémon Go as a Catalyst for Positive Life Experiences
Bonus, J. A., Peebles, A. L., Mares, M., & Sarmiento, I. G. (2017) · Media Psychology · doi:10.1080/15213269.2017.1305280 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
On Pancultural Self-Enhancement
Gaertner, L., Sedikides, C., & Chang, K. (2008) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022108318431 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationCheung, W.-Y., Sedikides, C., & Wildschut, T. (2016) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2015.11.028 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationNostalgia confers psychological wellbeing by increasing authenticity
Kelley, N. J., Davis, W. E., Dang, J., Liu, L., Wildschut, T., & Sedikides, C. (2022) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2022.104379 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Self-citationLoh, H. S., Gaur, S. S., & Sharma, P. (2021) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.21452 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Juhl, J., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Diebel, T., Cheung, W., & Vingerhoets, A. J. J. M. (2020) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12505 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
“Participants completed the Southampton Nostalgia Scale (SNS; Barrett et al., 2010; Routledge et al., 2008) and the Nostalgia Inventory (NI; Batcho, 1998).”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationNostalgic recollections of high and low narcissists
Hart, C. M., Sedikides, C., Wildschut, T., Arndt, J., Routledge, C., & Vingerhoets, A. J. J. M. (2011) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2011.01.002 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citation(2016) · doi:10.1002/9781118468197.ch9 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationChi, O. H., & Chi, C. G.-Q. (2020) · Journal of Travel Research · doi:10.1177/0047287520969904 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Things Will Get Better: The Anxiety-Buffering Qualities of Progressive Hope
Rutjens, B. T., van der Pligt, J., & van Harreveld, F. (2009) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167208331252 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
“Interestingly, Routledge et al. (2008) emphasize that the temporal direction of the nostalgia construct is pivotal; it is the drawing on past experiences that increases meaning and thus reduces death-thought accessibility.”
BackgroundA Multilevel Approach to Scale Development in Sport Tourist Nostalgia
Cho, H., Lee, H., Moore, D. D., Norman, W. C., & Ramshaw, G. P. (2017) · Journal of Travel Research · doi:10.1177/0047287516683834 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
“Initially, 69 items were developed from the previous nostalgia scales (Batcho 1995; Holbrook 1994; Pascal, Sprott, and Muehling 2002; Routledge et al. 2008; Rodrigues 2012), prior qualitative research (Fairley 2003; Fairley and Gammon 2005), and different types of nostalgia experiences (Stern 1992).”
BackgroundSedikides, C., & Wildschut, T. (2022) · Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology · doi:10.1177/18344909221091649 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationMixed Emotions and Coping: The Benefits of Secondary Emotions
Braniecka, A., Trzebińska, E., Dowgiert, A., & Wytykowska, A. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103940 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
“the past [68] or by activating meaning-providing structures that serve an existential function [69].”
BackgroundCombating the mental health stigma with nostalgia
Turner, R. N., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., & Gheorghiu, M. (2013) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.1952 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
“Participants responded to three items (Routledge et al., 2008; Wildschut et al., 2006; Zhou, Wildschut, Sedikides, Chen, & Vingerhoets, 2012): “Right now, I am feeling quite nostalgic,” “Right now, I am having nostalgic feelings,” and “I feel nostalgic at the moment” (1 = strongly disagree, 6 = strongly agree; a = .”
BackgroundSelf-citationDelay and Death-Thought Accessibility: A Meta-Analysis
Steinman, C. T., & Updegraff, J. A. (2015) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167215607843 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Gibbs, H. J., & Egermann, H. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.647891 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
“In a study on terror management theory and mortality salience, feelings of nostalgia were found to be used as a self-protection mechanism through reflecting on the past as means to reconstruct world-view, and reinforce meaning when faced by threat (Routledge et al., 2008).”
BackgroundNostalgia and Self-Enhancement
Luo, Y. L. L., Liu, Y., Cai, H., Wildschut, T., & Sedikides, C. (2016) · Social Psychological and Personality Science · doi:10.1177/1948550616660158 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationEnjoying life in the face of death: East-West differences in responses to mortality salience
Ma-Kellams, C., & Blascovich, J. (2012) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0029366 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Songs for the Ego: Theorizing Musical Self-Enhancement
Elvers, P. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00002 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
“Music’s ability to reduce anxiety and promote optimism has also been linked to the elicitation of nostalgia (Routledge et al., 2008).”
BackgroundLeisure nostalgia: Scale development and validation
Cho, H., Pyun, D. Y., & Wang, J. (2019) · Journal of Leisure Research · doi:10.1080/00222216.2019.1602014 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Garrido, S. (2016) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.07.021 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
“Routledge et al. (2008) reported a reliability co-efficient of 0.92.”
InfluentialNostalgia buffers the negative impact of low procedural justice on cooperation
van Dijke, M., Wildschut, T., Leunissen, J. M., & Sedikides, C. (2015) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2014.11.005 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationConsumer insecurity and preference for nostalgic products: Evidence from China
Ling, Z., Wang, T., Zhang, Q., & Mou, Y. (2013) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.05.027 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Nostalgia promotes intrinsic motivation and effort in the presence of low interactional justice
van Dijke, M., Leunissen, J. M., Wildschut, T., & Sedikides, C. (2019) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2018.12.003 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citationConstructing nostalgia in tourism: A comparison analysis of genuine and artificial approaches
Shi, Y., Bettache, K., Zhang, N., & Xue, L. (2020) · Journal of Destination Marketing & Management · doi:10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100488 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Barrett, F. S., & Janata, P. (2016) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.08.012 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Psychological and Mnemonic Benefits of Nostalgia for People with Dementia
Ismail, S. U., Christopher, G., Dodd, E., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Ingram, T. A., Jones, R. W., Noonan, K. A., Tingley, D., & Cheston, R. (2018) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-180075 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
“Following procedures used extensively in prior research with non-clinical populations [19–23], participants were asked to recall either a nostalgic event or an ordinary (i.e., regular) event.”
Self-citationLammers, J., & Baldwin, M. W. (2020) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2673 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Promoting through Consumer Nostalgia: A Conceptual Framework and Future Research Agenda
Rana, S., Raut, S. K., Prashar, S., & Hamid, A. B. A. (2020) · Journal of Promotion Management · doi:10.1080/10496491.2020.1829773 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., & Cordaro, F. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6953-8_5 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“For instance, in several studies testing American undergraduates, Routledge et al. (2008) examined this existential function of nostalgia.”
BackgroundSelf-citationCheung, W.-Y., Sedikides, C., Wildschut, T., Tausch, N., & Ayanian, A. H. (2017) · Journal of Social and Political Psychology · doi:10.5964/jspp.v5i2.697 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationEly, R., & Mercurio, A. E. (2011) · Time & Society · doi:10.1177/0961463x10366081 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Adverse Weather Evokes Nostalgia
van Tilburg, W. A. P., Sedikides, C., & Wildschut, T. (2018) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167218756030 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“Participants indicated their daily nostalgia on five items, which we modified slightly after the Southampton Nostalgia Scale (Barrett et al., 2010; Routledge et al., 2008).”
MethodSelf-citationHepper, E. G., Sedikides, C., Wildschut, T., Cheung, W., Abakoumkin, G., Arıkan, G., Aveyard, M. E., Baldursson, E. B., Białobrzeska, O., Bouamama, S., et al. (2024) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/xge0001521 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationExperience of Time by People on the Go
Kruglanski, A. W., Pierro, A., & Higgins, E. T. (2015) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868315581120 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Smeekes, A., Jetten, J., Verkuyten, M., Wohl, M. J. A., Jasinskaja-Lahti, I., Ariyanto, A., Autin, F., Ayub, N., Badea, C., Besta, T., et al. (2018) · Social Psychology · doi:10.1027/1864-9335/a000350 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Nostalgia: Triggers and its role on new product purchase intentions
Xia, L., Wang, Y., & Santana, S. (2021) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.06.034 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
The Human Penguin Project: Climate, Social Integration, and Core Body Temperature
Ijzerman, H., Lindenberg, S. M., Dalgar, I., Weissgerber, S. C., Vergara, R. C., Cairo, A. H., Čolić, M., Dursun, P., Frankowska, N., Hadi, R., et al. (2018) · Collabra Psychology · doi:10.1525/collabra.165 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
“Nostalgia = Nostalgia Proneness (Routledge et al., 2008).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialWulf, T., Rieger, D., & Schmitt, J. B. (2018) · Poetics · doi:10.1016/j.poetic.2018.04.001 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Memory and reward systems coproduce ‘nostalgic’ experiences in the brain
Oba, K., Noriuchi, M., Atomi, T., Moriguchi, Y., & Kikuchi, Y. (2015) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsv073 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
“…experiences can decrease dysphoric states such as loneliness, depression and rumination about death (Wildschut et al., 2006; Yamagami et al., 2007; Routledge et al., 2008; Zhou et al., 2008), and can also decrease levels of peripheral proinflammatory cytokines such as the tumor necrosis factor-a…”
BackgroundInfluentialNostalgia proneness and reduced prejudice
Cheung, W., Sedikides, C., & Wildschut, T. (2017) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.12.045 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
“Finally, we assessed prejudice expression against African Americans by adapting suitably the Subtle and Blatant Prejudice Scales (Pettigrew & Meertens, 1995).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationLooking back or moving on: How regulatory modes affect nostalgia
Pierro, A., Pica, G., Klein, K. M., Kruglanski, A. W., & Higgins, E. T. (2013) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-013-9350-9 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“Assessing nostalgia proneness The Southampton Nostalgia Scale (SNS; Routledge et al. 2008), the Batcho Nostalgia Inventory (BNI; Batcho 1995), and a subset of items derived from the Time Perspective Inventory (TPI; Zimbardo and Boyd 1999) were used to measure nostalgia proneness.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialAccountability, transparency, redundancy: Academic identities in an era of ‘excellence’
Watson, C. (2010) · British Educational Research Journal · doi:10.1080/01411926.2010.508514 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“( 2008 ) contend, the art of ‘Terror Management’ (invoked in the face of existential threat).”
BackgroundLandau, M., Greenberg, J. L., & Sullivan, D. (2009) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167209336608 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
“In the aforementioned studies showing that MS exaggerated nostalgia-induced perceptions of meaning (Routledge et al., 2008) and positively valenced interpretations of recent experience (Landau et al.”
BackgroundUnravelling Fear of Death Motives in Dark Tourism
Biran, A., & Buda, D.-M. (2018) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/978-1-137-47566-4_21 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
- Authors
- Routledge, C., Arndt, J., Sedikides, C., & Wildschut, T.
- Affiliations
- University of Southampton (GB)
- University of Missouri (US)
- Corresponding author
- Routledge, Clay
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-01
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 132-140
- ISSN
- 0022-1031 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2034929128
- Semantic Scholar
- 149832919a4a9b5325e087e957e6f66b517eb3fe
- Cited by
- 422
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 12.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Nostalgia and Consumer Behavior
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Death, Funerary Practices, and Mourning
- Keywords
- nostalgia, terror management theory, mortality salience, death thoughts, meaning in life, existential coping, fear of death, nostalgia proneness
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
