Childhood trauma and emotional reactivity to daily life stress in adult frequent attenders of general practitioners
Abstract
Objectives Childhood trauma (CT) has consistently been associated with neuroticism--a personality trait reflecting vulnerability to stress. However, not much is known about the impact of a history of trauma on moment-to-moment emotions and experiences in the flow of daily life. The relationship between CT and emotional reactivity to daily life stress was investigated.Methods Ninety frequent attenders of general practitioners, of which 29 fulfilled criteria for CT (sexual and/or physical trauma before the age of 19 years), were studied with the Experience Sampling Method (a structured diary technique assessing current context and mood in daily life) to assess: (a) appraised subjective stress related to daily events and activities, and (b) emotional reactivity conceptualized as changes in negative affect (NA).Results Multilevel regression analysis revealed that subjects with a history of CT reported significantly increased emotional reactivity to daily life stress, as reflected in an increase in NA. This effect was significantly stronger for subjects who experienced trauma before the age of 10 years.Conclusion These results confirm that CT may have long-lasting and enduring effects on adult psychological functioning, as exposed individuals continually react more strongly to small stressors occurring in the natural flow of everyday life. The finding that emotional stress reactivity is most pronounced for subjects who experienced trauma early in life confirms prior evidence suggesting that the effects of trauma are more detrimental when trauma occurs at a younger age.
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Maltreated children show heightened emotional reactivity.
“Evidence from behavioral and neuroimaging studies also suggest that child maltreatment is associated with heightened emotional reactivity.”
From Childhood maltreatment exposure and disruptions in emotion regulation: A transdiagnostic pathway to adolescent internalizing and externalizing psychopathology (2016) · cites this paper as Glaser et al. 2006
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- Authors
- Glaser, J.-P., van Os, J., Portegijs, P. J. M., & Myin-Germeys, I.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University (NL)
- Venue
- Journal of Psychosomatic Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-08
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 229-236
- ISSN
- 0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2026405283
- Cited by
- 280
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 9.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lirias (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Keywords
- childhood trauma, emotional reactivity, daily stress, negative affect, neuroticism, frequent attenders, general practitioners, early childhood trauma, long-term effects of trauma
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Affect, Child, Child Abuse, Child Abuse, Sexual, Emotions, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Neurotic Disorders, Physicians, Family, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Socioeconomic Factors, Stress, Psychological, Wounds and Injuries
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