Does the Concept of "Sensitization" Provide a Plausible Mechanism for the Putative Link Between the Environment and Schizophrenia?
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Previous evidence reviewed in Schizophrenia Bulletin suggests the importance of a range of different environmental factors in the development of psychotic illness. It is unlikely, however, that the diversity of environmental influences associated with schizophrenia can be linked to as many different underlying mechanisms. There is evidence that environmental exposures may induce, in interaction with (epi)genetic factors, psychological or physiological alterations that can be traced to a final common pathway of cognitive biases and/or altered dopamine neurotransmission, broadly referred to as "sensitization," facilitating the onset and persistence of psychotic symptoms. At the population level, the behavioral phenotype for sensitization may be examined by quantifying, in populations exposed to environmental risk factors associated with stress or dopamine-agonist drugs, (1) the increased rate of persistence (indicating lasting sensitization) of normally transient developmental expressions of subclinical psychotic experiences and (2) the subsequent increased rate of transition to clinical psychotic disorder.
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Evidence suggests that certain environmental exposures may synergistically lead to subclinical symptoms and subsequent psychiatric disorders by impacting on the HPA axis and mesolimbic dopaminergic neurotransmission.
“Evidence indeed suggests that certain environmental exposures may synergistically lead to subclinical symptoms and subsequent psychiatric disorders by impacting on the HHPA axis 135 and mesolimbic dopaminergic neurotransmission 136”
From Resilience in mental health: linking psychological and neurobiological perspectives. (2013) · cites this paper as [136]
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“This is also in agreement with the hypothesis that a process of sensitisation might underlie emergence and persistence of psychotic experiences”
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- Authors
- Collip, D., Myin-Germeys, I., & Van Os, J.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University (NL)
- ORCID
- Collip, D.
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Bulletin
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2007-04-09
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 220-225
- ISSN
- 0586-7614 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-1701
- PMC
- PMC2632409
- OpenAlex
- W2103274030
- Cited by
- 305
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 2.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lirias (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Keywords
- sensitization, schizophrenia
- MeSH terms
- Dopamine, Environment, Humans, Synaptic Transmission, Phenotype, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Prefrontal Cortex, Dopamine Agonists
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