Changes in the Synaptic Proteome in Tauopathy and Rescue of Tau-Induced Synapse Loss by C1q Antibodies
Open accessAbstract
Synapse loss and Tau pathology are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies, but how Tau pathology causes synapse loss is unclear. We used unbiased proteomic analysis of postsynaptic densities (PSDs) in Tau-P301S transgenic mice to identify Tau-dependent alterations in synapses prior to overt neurodegeneration. Multiple proteins and pathways were altered in Tau-P301S PSDs, including depletion of a set of GTPase-regulatory proteins that leads to actin cytoskeletal defects and loss of dendritic spines. Furthermore, we found striking accumulation of complement C1q in the PSDs of Tau-P301S mice and AD patients. At synapses, C1q decorated perisynaptic membranes, accumulated in correlation with phospho-Tau, and was associated with augmented microglial engulfment of synapses and decline of synapse density. A C1q-blocking antibody inhibited microglial synapse removal in cultured neurons and in Tau-P301S mice, rescuing synapse density. Thus, inhibiting complement-mediated synapse removal by microglia could be a potential therapeutic target for Tau-associated neurodegeneration.
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Greater complement activity may speed AD symptom development.
“Thus the increased activity of the complement system may accelerate the development of AD symptoms.”
From Deep Multilayer Brain Proteomics Identifies Molecular Networks in Alzheimer’s Disease Progression (2020) · cites this paper as Dejanovic et al., 2018
Complement activation can exacerbate synaptic loss and contribute to memory loss and cognitive decline.
“complement activation, which is important for microglial phagocytosis, can exacerbate synaptic loss [152, 284, 291] and contribute to memory loss and cognitive decline [75]”
From Microglia and monocytes in inflammatory CNS disease: integrating phenotype and function (2022) · cites this paper as [75]
Microglial-expressed complement components including C1q bind to synapses and enable phagocytosis by microglia.
“microglial-expressed complement components, including C1q, are thought to bind to synapses and enable phagocytosis by microglia [75, 103]”
From Microglia and monocytes in inflammatory CNS disease: integrating phenotype and function (2022) · cites this paper as [75]
In normal aging and tauopathy patients, C1q is dramatically upregulated and co-localizes with hyperphosphorylated tau, plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles in AD brain sections.
“in normal aging [300] and in tauopathy patients [75], C1q is dramatically upregulated and is shown to co-localize with hyperphosphorylated tau, plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in AD brain sections [1, 219, 282]”
From Microglia and monocytes in inflammatory CNS disease: integrating phenotype and function (2022) · cites this paper as [75]
Microglia can phagocytose tau-laden synapses or entire neurons, promoting neurodegeneration and memory loss.
“Microglia can phagocytose tau-laden synapses or entire neurons [36, 75], promoting neurodegeneration and memory loss.”
From Microglia and monocytes in inflammatory CNS disease: integrating phenotype and function (2022) · cites this paper as [75]
Past studies that reported synapse loss in PS19 mice relied on immunohistochemical staining of synaptic markers, which does not yield image resolution comparable to the methods employed here.
“However, these studies relied on immunohistochemical staining of synaptic markers, which does not yield image resolution that is comparable to the methods employed here.”
From Dendritic Spine Remodeling and Synaptic Tau Levels in PS19 Tauopathy Mice (2021) · cites this paper as Dejanovic et al., 2018
Tau, including phosphorylated tau, is present in presynaptic and postsynaptic compartments in the PS19 mouse model.
“Tau, including phosphorylated tau, is present in presynaptic and postsynaptic compartments in the PS19 mouse model (Yoshiyama et al., 2007, Dejanovic et al., 2018, McInnes et al., 2018).”
From Dendritic Spine Remodeling and Synaptic Tau Levels in PS19 Tauopathy Mice (2021) · cites this paper as Dejanovic et al., 2018
Microglia could phagocytize synapses that contain aggregated tau via synaptic tagging of C1q, leading to a decline in synapse density.
“Furthermore, microglia could also phagocytize synapses that contain aggregated tau via synaptic tagging of C1q, leading to a decline in synapse density.390”
From Microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanism and potential therapeutic targets (2023) · cites this paper as [390]
A C1q-blocking antibody could inhibit microglial synapse removal and rescue synapse density in cultured neurons and Tau-P301S mice.
“A C1q-blocking antibody could inhibit microglial synapse removal and rescue synapse density in cultured neurons and Tau-P301S mice.”
From Microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanism and potential therapeutic targets (2023) · cites this paper as [390]
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Cites a retracted work: 10.1038/nature22821
InfoThe cited work was retracted on 2020-02-05 (notice 10.1038/s41586-020-1949-x), not before this paper was published (2018-12).
Cited work 10.1038/nature22821 · retracted 2020-02-05 · notice 10.1038/s41586-020-1949-x · this paper published 2018-12
“Bialas, 2017, Microglia-dependent synapse loss in type I interferon-mediated lupus, Nature, 546, 539, 10.1038/nature22821”
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“The complement system functions with microglia to trim excess synapses during neurodevelopment, but can be inappropriately activated to prune synapses in AD-related mouse models (Dejanovic et al., 2018; Hong et al., 2016).”
BackgroundSynaptic degeneration in Alzheimer disease
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Self-citationLocal externalization of phosphatidylserine mediates developmental synaptic pruning by microglia
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The complexity of tau in Alzheimer’s disease
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Clinical promise of next-generation complement therapeutics
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Self-citationImmune Signaling in Neurodegeneration
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Microglial NF-κB drives tau spreading and toxicity in a mouse model of tauopathy
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Neuron-glia signaling in synapse elimination
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The clinical promise of biomarkers of synapse damage or loss in Alzheimer’s disease
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Microglial phagocytosis of neurons in neurodegeneration, and its regulation
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Rutin prevents tau pathology and neuroinflammation in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
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The good, the bad, and the opportunities of the complement system in neurodegenerative disease
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Impact of TREM2R47H variant on tau pathology–induced gliosis and neurodegeneration
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Cellular and pathological functions of tau
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The role of pathological tau in synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s diseases
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Microglia and Astrocytes in Disease: Dynamic Duo or Partners in Crime?
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“Furthermore, complement activation, which is important for microglial phagocytosis, can exacerbate synaptic loss [152, 284, 291] and contribute to memory loss and cognitive decline [75] (Table 5).”
BackgroundInfluentialTherapeutic Targeting of the Complement System: From Rare Diseases to Pandemics
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Microglia in Brain Development, Homeostasis, and Neurodegeneration
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Self-citationTherapeutic Inhibition of the Complement System in Diseases of the Central Nervous System
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Spermidine and spermine delay brain aging by inducing autophagy in SAMP8 mice
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Targeting synapse function and loss for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases
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Self-citationFluid Biomarkers for Synaptic Dysfunction and Loss
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Ubiquitin Ligase COP1 Suppresses Neuroinflammation by Degrading c/EBPβ in Microglia
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Self-citationThe synapse as a treatment avenue for Alzheimer’s Disease
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Do Microglial Sex Differences Contribute to Sex Differences in Neurodegenerative Diseases?
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Glial Control of Synapse Number in Healthy and Diseased Brain
Lee, E., & Chung, W. (2019) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2019.00042 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
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Motor cortex transcriptome reveals microglial key events in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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Dendritic Spines: Mediators of Cognitive Resilience in Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease
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The Transcriptional Landscape of Microglial Genes in Aging and Neurodegenerative Disease
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- Authors
- Dejanovic, B., Huntley, M. A., De Mazière, A., Meilandt, W. J., Wu, T., Srinivasan, K., Jiang, Z., Gandham, V., Friedman, B. A., Ngu, H., Foreman, O., Carano, R. A. D., Chih, B., Klumperman, J., Bakalarski, C., Hanson, J. E., & Sheng, M.
- Affiliations
- Genentech
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Dejanovic, Borislav
- Sheng, Morgan
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-12
- Volume
- 100
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1322-1336.e7
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2898757824
- Semantic Scholar
- 317f16e04c2c13a66baa96bdf9b7e396f626ccf7
- Cited by
- 575
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 45 · 2025: 60 · 2024: 70 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 78 · 2021: 84 · 2020: 69 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 2 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 31.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- tauopathy, synaptic loss, postsynaptic density, C1q, microglia, dendritic spines, actin cytoskeleton, phosphorylated tau
- MeSH terms
- Prion Proteins, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Antibodies, Cell Differentiation, Cells, Cultured, Embryo, Mammalian, Female
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