Cited by 197Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsNeurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments

Intersection of pathological tau and microglia at the synapse

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Vogels, Thomas, Murgoci, Adriana-Natalia, Hromádka, Tomáš·2019·Acta Neuropathologica Communications

Abstract

Tauopathies are a heterogenous class of diseases characterized by cellular accumulation of aggregated tau and include diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), progressive supranuclear palsy and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Tau pathology is strongly linked to neurodegeneration and clinical symptoms in tauopathy patients. Furthermore, synapse loss is an early pathological event in tauopathies and is the strongest correlate of cognitive decline. Tau pathology is additionally associated with chronic neuroinflammatory processes, such as reactive microglia, astrocytes, and increased levels of pro-inflammatory molecules (e.g. complement proteins, cytokines). Recent studies show that as the principal immune cells of the brain, microglia play a particularly important role in the initiation and progression of tau pathology and associated neurodegeneration. Furthermore, AD risk genes such as Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) are enriched in the innate immune system and modulate the neuroinflammatory response of microglia to tau pathology. Microglia can play an active role in synaptic dysfunction by abnormally phagocytosing synaptic compartments of neurons with tau pathology. Furthermore, microglia are involved in synaptic spreading of tau - a process which is thought to underlie the progressive nature of tau pathology propagation through the brain. Spreading of pathological tau is also the predominant target for tau-based immunotherapy. Active tau vaccines, therapeutic tau antibodies and other approaches targeting the immune system are actively explored as treatment options for AD and other tauopathies. This review describes the role of microglia in the pathobiology of tauopathies and the mechanism of action of potential therapeutics targeting the immune system in tauopathies.

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  1. [281]Socodato R, Portugal CC, Canedo T, Henriques J, Vaz SH, Magalhaes JD, Silva CM, Baptista FI, Alves RL, Nogueira J, Coelho-Santos V, Silva AP, Paes-de-Carvalho R, Magalhaes A, Summavielle T, Brakebusch C, Sebastiao AM, Ambrosio AF, Relvas JB (2017) Genetic ablation of RhoA in adult microglia causes synapse and neuronal loss. bioRxiv

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Authors
Vogels, T., Murgoci, A.-N., & Hromádka, T.
Affiliations
Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK)
Corresponding author
Hromádka, Tomáš
Venue
Acta Neuropathologica Communications
Published
2019-07-05
Volume
7
Issue
1
Pages
109-109
ISSN
2051-5960 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2956146459
Cited by
197
References
332
Citations by year
2026: 20 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1
FWCI
2.99
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Acta Neuropathologica Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
SyDAD, Horizon 2020 research & innovation program (676144)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Keywords
tauopathy, tau pathology, microglia, synaptic loss, neuroinflammation, Alzheimer's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, TREM2, apolipoprotein E, microglial phagocytosis, neurodegeneration
MeSH terms
Animals, Apolipoproteins E, Humans, Membrane Glycoproteins, Receptors, Immunologic, Synapses, tau Proteins, Microglia, Tauopathies

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