Ingestion of Microplastic Has Limited Impact on a Marine Larva
Abstract
There is increasing concern about the impacts of microplastics (<1 mm) on marine biota. Microplastics may be mistaken for food items and ingested by a wide variety of organisms. While the effects of ingesting microplastic have been explored for some adult organisms, there is poor understanding of the effects of microplastic ingestion on marine larvae. Here, we investigated the ingestion of polyethylene microspheres by larvae of the sea urchin, Tripneustes gratilla. Ingestion rates scaled with the concentration of microspheres. Ingestion rates were, however, reduced by biological fouling of microplastic and in the presence of phytoplankton food. T. gratilla larvae were able to egest microspheres from their stomach within hours of ingestion. A microsphere concentration far exceeding those recorded in the marine environment had a small nondose dependent effect on larval growth, but there was no significant effect on survival. In contrast, environmentally realistic concentrations appeared to have little effect. Overall, these results suggest that current levels of microplastic pollution in the oceans only pose a limited threat to T. gratilla and other marine invertebrate larvae, but further research is required on a broad range of species, trophic levels, and polymer types.
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Other marine invertebrates have shown no or limited effects from microplastics.
“No or limited effects have also been found for other marine invertebrates.20,21”
From Microplastic Effect Thresholds for Freshwater Benthic Macroinvertebrates (2018) · cites this paper as [20]
PE MPs do not affect survival of Tripneustes gratilla.
“without affecting its survival (Kaposi et al., 2014).”
From Studies of the Effects of Microplastics on Aquatic Organisms: What Do We Know and Where Should We Focus Our Efforts in the Future? (2018) · cites this paper as Kaposi et al., 2014
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- Authors
- Kaposi, K. L., Mos, B., Kelaher, B. P., & Dworjanyn, S. A.
- Affiliations
- Southern Cross University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Dworjanyn, Symon A.
- Venue
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2014-01-13
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1638-1645
- ISSN
- 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5851
- OpenAlex
- W2008391103
- Cited by
- 406
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 10.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Environmental Science & Technology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Cross Connect (Southern Cross University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
- Keywords
- microplastics, polyethylene microspheres, microplastic ingestion, marine larvae, Tripneustes gratilla, sea urchin larvae, ingestion rate, biofouling, larval growth, larval survival, egestion, dose-dependent effects, marine plastic pollution
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Diet, Larva, Oceans and Seas, Plastics, Sea Urchins, Water Pollutants, Chemical
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