A cognitive model of selective processing in anxiety

Mathews, Andrew; Mackintosh, Bundy

doi:10.1023/a:1018738019346

Cited by 756Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesMemory and Neural Mechanisms

A cognitive model of selective processing in anxiety

Mathews, Andrew, Mackintosh, Bundy·1998·Cognitive Therapy and Research

DOI 10.1023/a:1018738019346

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Several models suggest that anxiety biases attention towards threat-related stimuli by increasing the output from an amygdala-centred threat evaluation system.
“Several models suggest that anxiety biases attention towards threat-related stimuli by increasing the output from an amygdala-centred threat evaluation system”
From Short-term serotonergic but not noradrenergic antidepressant administration reduces attentional vigilance to threat in healthy volunteers (2009) · cites this paper as Mathews and Mackintosh, 1998
Stimuli associated with negative valence have a mandatory and involuntary effect on allocation of covert and overt attention, which cannot be fully controlled in a top-down effortful fashion.
“In short, there is strong evidence for what has been proposed by major theories on emotion processing (Mathews & Mackintosh, 1998; Öhman & Mineka, 2001): stimuli associated with negative valence have a mandatory and involuntary effect on the allocation of covert and overt attention, which cannot be fully controlled in a top-down effortful fashion.”
From Selection history: How reward modulates selectivity of visual attention. (2018) · cites this paper as Mathews & Mackintosh, 1998
An automatic threat evaluation system (TES) makes people vigilant to potentially threatening information.
“An automatic threat evaluation system (TES) makes people vigilant to potentially threatening information (50).”
From Negative interpretation of ambiguous bodily symptoms among illness-anxious individuals: Exploring the role of developmental and maintenance constructs (2023) · cites this paper as [50]
AB in threat-distractor interference reflects conflict between threat salience-driven and goal-directed processes.
“AB in threat-distractor interference (e.g., [ 5 0 2 _ T D $ D I F F ] on the emotional Stroop task) reflects conflict between threat salience-driven and goal-directed processes [26,30,31,55,59].”
From Anxiety and Threat-Related Attention: Cognitive-Motivational Framework and Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [30]
Threat hypersensitivity of automatic salience evaluation and switching in anxiety may trigger inhibition or interruption of task-related activity and switching of attention priorities, impairing task performance.
“Threat hypersensitivity of automatic salience evaluation and switching in anxiety may trigger inhibition/interruption of task-related activity, as well as switching of attention priorities from goal-directed processing to threat salience-driven processing (Figure 2), which impairs task performance”
From Anxiety and Threat-Related Attention: Cognitive-Motivational Framework and Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [30]

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Authors: Mathews, A., & Mackintosh, B.
Affiliations: MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit (GB)
ORCID: Mackintosh, Bundy
Venue: Cognitive Therapy and Research
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 1998-12
Volume: 22
Issue: 6
Pages: 539-560
ISSN: 0147-5916 (ISSN-L)
1573-2819
DOI: 10.1023/a:1018738019346
OpenAlex: W2170408452
Cited by: 756
References: 77
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 48 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 54
FWCI: 8.50
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (vor)
Locations: Cognitive Therapy and Research (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords: anxiety, selective attention, threat processing, attentional bias, interpretation bias, attentional competition, voluntary effort, evolutionary perspective, aversive conditioning, extinction

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