Cited by 61Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeural dynamics and brain functionVisual perception and processing mechanisms

Response-dependent dynamics of cell-specific inhibition in cortical networks in vivo

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El-Boustani, Sami, Sur, Mriganka·2014·Nature Communications

Abstract

In the visual cortex, inhibitory neurons alter the computations performed by target cells via combination of two fundamental operations, division and subtraction. The origins of these operations have been variously ascribed to differences in neuron classes, synapse location or receptor conductances. Here, by utilizing specific visual stimuli and single optogenetic probe pulses, we show that the function of parvalbumin-expressing and somatostatin-expressing neurons in mice in vivo is governed by the overlap of response timing between these neurons and their targets. In particular, somatostatin-expressing neurons respond at longer latencies to small visual stimuli compared with their target neurons and provide subtractive inhibition. With large visual stimuli, however, they respond at short latencies coincident with their target cells and switch to provide divisive inhibition. These results indicate that inhibition mediated by these neurons is a dynamic property of cortical circuits rather than an immutable property of neuronal classes.

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  • In vivo, because excitatory, inhibitory, and neuromodulatory loads vary with context, different or even the same interneuron types participate differently in cellular computations.

    “It is therefore likely that in in vivo conditions, where spatiotemporal patterns of excitatory, inhibitory and neuromodulatory loads vary with context, different or even the same IN types will participate differently in cellular computations (El-Boustani and Sur, 2014).”

    From GABAergic Interneurons in the Neocortex: From Cellular Properties to Circuits (2016) · cites this paper as El-Boustani and Sur, 2014

  • Results from optogenetic studies disagree about the specific role of each interneuron group in tuning.

    “However, the results from these studies do not agree on the specific role of each interneuron group.”

    From GABAergic Interneurons in the Neocortex: From Cellular Properties to Circuits (2016) · cites this paper as El-Boustani and Sur, 2014

  • PV and Sst inhibitory neurons play distinct roles in tuning excitatory neurons, producing either divisive or subtractive inhibition.

    “These studies demonstrated that PV and Sst inhibitory neurons play distinct roles in the tuning of excitatory neurons producing either divisive or subtractive inhibition.”

    From GABAergic Interneurons in the Neocortex: From Cellular Properties to Circuits (2016) · cites this paper as El-Boustani and Sur, 2014

  • Whether inhibition is subtractive or divisive is not a fixed property but a dynamic function depending on interneuron response modes and the nature of visual stimuli.

    “the study by El-Boustani and Sur (El-Boustani and Sur, 2014) provides compelling evidence that whether inhibition is subtractive or divisive is not a fixed property, but rather a dynamic function that depends on the response modes of INs and the nature of visual stimuli.”

    From GABAergic Interneurons in the Neocortex: From Cellular Properties to Circuits (2016) · cites this paper as El-Boustani and Sur, 2014

  • Some studies found that Sst interneurons sharpen orientation tuning, while activating PV interneurons has a minor effect on tuning but changes response gain.

    “Some studies found that Sst INs sharpen orientation tuning (Wilson et al., 2012), while activation of PV INs was found to have a minor effect on tuning but changed response gain”

    From GABAergic Interneurons in the Neocortex: From Cellular Properties to Circuits (2016) · cites this paper as El-Boustani and Sur, 2014

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Katzner S., Busse L. & Carandini M. GABAA inhibition controls response gain in visual cortex. J. Neurosci. 31, 5931– 5941 (2011). 21508218 PMC3083851
  2. Diesmann M. & Gewaltig M.-O. in Forschung und wisschenschaftliches Rechnen, Beiträge zum Heinz-Billing-Preis 2001 Vol. 58 (eds Plesser, T. & Macho, V.) 43– 70 (2002).

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Authors
El-Boustani, S., & Sur, M.
Affiliations
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
Corresponding author
Sur, Mriganka
Venue
Nature Communications
Published
2014-12-11
Volume
5
Issue
1
Pages
5689-5689
ISSN
2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2006390041
Cited by
61
References
56
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4
FWCI
2.29
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
Funders
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  • Simons Foundation
  • National Institutes of Health (EY007023, NS090473)
  • National Eye Institute (F32EY007023, EY007023, R01EY007023)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS090473, U01NS090473)
  • FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Keywords
divisive inhibition, parvalbumin interneurons, somatostatin interneurons, visual cortex, cortical circuits, response timing, optogenetic stimulation, inhibitory neurons
MeSH terms
Action Potentials, Animals, Electrodes, Implanted, Fluorescent Dyes, Mice, Transgenic, Neural Inhibition, Neurons, Parvalbumins, Photic Stimulation, Somatostatin, Stereotaxic Techniques, Time Factors, Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Biomarkers, Gene Expression, Mice, Optogenetics

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