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Cited by 594Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeural dynamics and brain functionSchizophrenia research and treatment

PV Interneurons: Critical Regulators of E/I Balance for Prefrontal Cortex-Dependent Behavior and Psychiatric Disorders

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Ferguson, Brielle R., Gao, Wen-Jun·2018·Frontiers in Neural Circuits
DOI 10.3389/fncir.2018.00037PMC PMC5964203
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Abstract

Elucidating the prefrontal cortical microcircuit has been challenging, given its role in multiple complex behaviors, including working memory, cognitive flexibility, attention, social interaction and emotional regulation. Additionally, previous methodological limitations made it difficult to parse out the contribution of certain neuronal subpopulations in refining cortical representations. However, growing evidence supports a fundamental role of fast-spiking parvalbumin (PV) GABAergic interneurons in regulating pyramidal neuron activity to drive appropriate behavioral responses. Further, their function is heavily diminished in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in numerous psychiatric diseases, including schizophrenia and autism. Previous research has demonstrated the importance of the optimal balance of excitation and inhibition (E/I) in cortical circuits in maintaining the efficiency of cortical information processing. Although we are still unraveling the mechanisms of information representation in the PFC, the E/I balance seems to be crucial, as pharmacological, chemogenetic and optogenetic approaches for disrupting E/I balance induce impairments in a range of PFC-dependent behaviors. In this review, we will explore two key hypotheses. First, PV interneurons are powerful regulators of E/I balance in the PFC, and help optimize the representation and processing of supramodal information in PFC. Second, diminishing the function of PV interneurons is sufficient to generate an elaborate symptom sequelae corresponding to those observed in a range of psychiatric diseases. Then, using this framework, we will speculate on whether this circuitry could represent a platform for the development of therapeutic interventions in disorders of PFC function.

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  • Altered connectivity and disruptions in E/I balance contribute to the core pathophysiology of major depressive disorder.

    “These findings align with previous reports indicating altered connectivity [13] and disruptions in E/I balance contribute to the core pathophysiology of major depressive disorder [28, 31, 32].”

    From A nucleus accumbens-projecting prefrontal cortex circuit underlies chronic social stress-induced depression-like behaviors (2026) · cites this paper as [31]

    In “E/I Balance in Psychiatric Disease” (page unavailable), the review says a pattern of GABAergic dysfunction seen in schizophrenia also occurs in depression. It does not specifically establish that disrupted E/I balance contributes to the core pathophysiology of major depressive disorder. The altered-connectivity clause is cited to a different source [13], so it is not assessed here. (LLM, conf=0.82)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Ferguson, B. R., & Gao, W.-J.
Affiliations
  • Stanford Medicine (US)
  • Drexel University (US)
Corresponding author
  • Ferguson, Brielle R.
  • Gao, Wen-Jun
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Neural Circuits
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2018-05-16
Volume
12
Pages
37-37
ISSN
1662-5110 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fncir.2018.00037
PMC
PMC5964203
OpenAlex
W2801290777
Cited by
594
References
24
Citations by year
2026: 58 · 2025: 87 · 2024: 86 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 71 · 2021: 106 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 3
FWCI
7.32
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Frontiers in Neural Circuits (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
National Institutes of Health (R01085666 and F31MH111361)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Keywords
parvalbumin interneurons, prefrontal cortex, excitation-inhibition balance, cortical microcircuits, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, mental illness, working memory, cognitive flexibility, attention, social interaction, emotion regulation, therapeutic interventions
MeSH terms
Animals, Mental Disorders, Humans, Interneurons, Memory, Short-Term, Nerve Net, Synaptic Transmission, Prefrontal Cortex

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