Adolescent impulsivity phenotypes characterized by distinct brain networks
Open accessAbstract
The impulsive behavior that is often characteristic of adolescence may reflect underlying neurodevelopmental processes. Moreover, impulsivity is a multi-dimensional construct, and it is plausible that distinct brain networks contribute to its different cognitive, clinical and behavioral aspects. As these networks have not yet been described, we identified distinct cortical and subcortical networks underlying successful inhibitions and inhibition failures in a large sample (n = 1,896) of 14-year-old adolescents. Different networks were associated with drug use (n = 1,593) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms (n = 342). Hypofunctioning of a specific orbitofrontal cortical network was associated with likelihood of initiating drug use in early adolescence. Right inferior frontal activity was related to the speed of the inhibition process (n = 826) and use of illegal substances and associated with genetic variation in a norepinephrine transporter gene (n = 819). Our results indicate that both neural endophenotypes and genetic variation give rise to the various manifestations of impulsive behavior.
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In the Imagen project, the substance abuse regressor was associated with hypoactivation in lOFC during stop-success, while the ADHD-associated regressor was linked to hypoactivation of bilateral inferior frontal network and BG network during stop-fail.
“While there was no behavioral difference in performance on the stop-signal test, the substance abuse regressor was associated with hypoactivation in the lOFC during the stop-success aspect of the trial while the ADHD-associated regressor was linked to hypoactivation of bilateral inferior frontal network and BG network during the stop-fail aspects of the trials.”
From Top-Down Dysregulation—From ADHD to Emotional Instability (2016) · cites this paper as Whelan et al., 2012
Impulsivity is multidimensional and includes at least three separate components: acting without thinking, impatience, and sensation or novelty seeking.
“Impulsivity can be broken down into at least three independent components: acting without thinking, impatience, and sensation/novelty seeking (6, 8, 9).”
From Adolescent impatience decreases with increased frontostriatal connectivity (2015) · cites this paper as [8]
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- Authors
- the IMAGEN Consortium, Whelan, R., Conrod, P. J., Poline, J.-B., Lourdusamy, A., Banaschewski, T., Barker, G. J., Bellgrove, M. A., Büchel, C., Byrne, M., Cummins, T. D. R., Fauth-Bühler, M., Flor, H., Gallinat, J., Heinz, A., Ittermann, B., Mann, K., Martinot, J.-L., Lalor, E. C., Lathrop, M., Loth, E., Nees, F., Paus, T., Rietschel, M., Smolka, M. N., Spanagel, R., Stephens, D. N., Struve, M., Thyreau, B., Vollstaedt-Klein, S., Robbins, T. W., Schumann, G., & Garavan, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Vermont (US)
- King's College London (GB)
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (FR)
- Central Institute of Mental Health (DE)
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (DE)
- Trinity College Dublin (IE)
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- Stiftung Charité (DE)
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (DE)
- Université Paris-Sud (FR)
- Neuroimaging Center (DE)
- University of Sussex (GB)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Whelan, Robert
- Garavan, Hugh
- ORCID
- Whelan, Robert
- Conrod, Patricia J
- Poline, Jean-Baptiste
- Lourdusamy, Anbarasu
- Banaschewski, Tobias
- Barker, Gareth J
- Bellgrove, Mark A
- Büchel, Christian
- Cummins, Tarrant D R
- Flor, Herta
- Gallinat, Jürgen
- Heinz, Andreas
- Ittermann, Bernd
- Mann, Karl
- Martinot, Jean-Luc
- Lalor, Edmund C
- Lathrop, Mark
- Loth, Eva
- Nees, Frauke
- Rietschel, Marcella
- Smolka, Michael N
- Spanagel, Rainer
- Stephens, David N
- Struve, Maren
- Thyreau, Benjamin
- Robbins, Trevor W
- Garavan, Hugh
- Venue
- Nature Neuroscience
- Published
- 2012-04-29
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 920-925
- ISSN
- 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1726
- OpenAlex
- W1987521153
- Cited by
- 420
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 43 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 22.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- adolescent impulsivity, brain networks, inhibitory control, drug initiation, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, orbitofrontal cortex, inferior frontal cortex, genetic variation, brain development, adolescents
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain, Brain Mapping, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Impulsive Behavior, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nerve Net, Phenotype, Substance-Related Disorders, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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