Oxytocin Reduces Background Anxiety in a Fear-Potentiated Startle Paradigm
Open accessAbstract
Oxytocin reportedly decreases anxious feelings in humans and may therefore have therapeutic value for anxiety disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). As PTSD patients have exaggerated startle responses, a fear-potentiated startle paradigm in rats may have face validity as an animal model to examine the efficacy of oxytocin in treating these symptoms. Oxytocin (0, 0.01, 0.1, or 1.0 μg, subcutaneously) was given either 30 min before fear conditioning, immediately after fear conditioning, or 30 min before fear-potentiated startle testing to assess its effects on acquisition, consolidation, and expression of conditioned fear, respectively. Startle both in the presence and absence of the fear-conditioned light was significantly diminished by oxytocin when administered at acquisition, consolidation, or expression. There was no specific effect of oxytocin on light fear-potentiated startle. In an additional experiment, oxytocin had no effects on acoustic startle without previous fear conditioning. Further, in a context-conditioned test, previous light-shock fear conditioning did not increase acoustic startle during testing when the fear-conditioned light was not presented. The data suggest that oxytocin did not diminish cue-specific conditioned nor contextually conditioned fear, but reduced background anxiety. This suggests that oxytocin has unique effects of decreasing background anxiety without affecting learning and memory of a specific traumatic event. Oxytocin may have antianxiety properties that are particularly germane to the hyper-vigilance and exaggerated startle typically seen in PTSD patients.
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Administering oxytocin systemically leaves fear-potentiated startle to a threat cue unchanged.
“systemic OT administration does not affect fear-potentiated startle to a threat cue.9”
From Oxytocin increases anxiety to unpredictable threat (2013) · cites this paper as [9]
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- Authors
- Missig, G., Ayers, L. W., Schulkin, J., & Rosen, J. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Delaware (US)
- Georgetown University (US)
- Venue
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Published
- 2010-09-15
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 2607-2616
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
- 1740-634X
- PMC
- PMC3055566
- OpenAlex
- W2093691975
- Cited by
- 79
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 7.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs
- Medical Research and Materiel Command
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- oxytocin, fear-potentiated startle, post-traumatic stress disorder, fear conditioning, acoustic startle response, hypervigilance, anxiety disorders, animal model of PTSD
- MeSH terms
- Acoustic Stimulation, Animals, Anxiety, Conditioning, Classical, Cues, Disease Models, Animal, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Fear, Male, Oxytocin, Photic Stimulation, Reflex, Startle, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Rats
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