Cited by 29Dermatology and Skin DiseasesT-cell and B-cell ImmunologyPsoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis

Cutaneous T cell immunity

Zareie, Pirooz, Weiss, Eric S., Kaplan, Daniel H., Mackay, Laura K.·2025·Nature Immunology

Abstract

The skin is the primary barrier against environmental insults, safeguarding the body from mechanical, chemical and pathogenic threats. The frequent exposure of the skin to environmental challenges requires an immune response that incorporates a sophisticated combination of defenses. Tissue-resident lymphocytes are pivotal for skin immunity, working in tandem with commensal bacteria to maintain immune surveillance and homeostasis, as well as participating in the pathogenesis of several skin diseases. Indeed, it has been estimated that the human skin harbors nearly twice as many T cells as found in the circulation. Effective treatment of skin diseases and new therapy development require a thorough understanding of the complex interactions among skin tissue, immune cells and the microbiota, which together regulate the skin's immune balance. This Review explores the latest developments and understanding of this critical barrier organ, with a specific focus on the role of skin-resident T cells.

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Crossref · 10.1038/s41590-025-02145-3

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145 of 145 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • All skin-resident T cells are pre-activated T cells with effector/memory-like phenotypes, which could be activated in an innate fashion by alterations of molecular cues of the local tissue they reside in.

    “All skin-resident T cells are pre-activated T cells with effector/memory-like phenotypes, which could be activated in an innate fashion by alterations of molecular cues of the local tissue they reside in.26,27,28,29,30,31,32”

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Authors
Zareie, P., Weiss, E. S., Kaplan, D. H., & Mackay, L. K.
Affiliations
  • The University of Melbourne (AU)
  • University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author
  • Kaplan, Daniel H.
  • Mackay, Laura K.
Venue
Nature Immunology
Published
2025-05-07
Volume
26
Issue
7
Pages
1014-1022
ISSN
  • 1529-2908 (ISSN-L)
  • 1529-2916
OpenAlex
W4410173444
Cited by
29
References
147
Citations by year
2026: 25 · 2025: 4
FWCI
4.36
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature Immunology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR083713, R01AR077341)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatology and Skin Diseases
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
Keywords
skin-resident T cells, skin barrier, commensal bacteria, skin microbiome, immune homeostasis, immune surveillance, skin diseases
MeSH terms
Animals, Homeostasis, Humans, Skin, Skin Diseases, T-Lymphocytes, Microbiota

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