The dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus as a putative food-entrainable circadian pacemaker
Open accessAbstract
Temporal restriction of feeding can phase-shift behavioral and physiological circadian rhythms in mammals. These changes in biological rhythms are postulated to be brought about by a food-entrainable oscillator (FEO) that is independent of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. However, the neural substrates of FEO have remained elusive. Here, we carried out an unbiased search for mouse brain region(s) that exhibit a rhythmic expression of the Period genes in a feeding-entrainable manner. We found that the compact part of the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (DMH) demonstrates a robust oscillation of mPer expression only under restricted feeding. The oscillation persisted for at least 2 days even when mice were given no food during the expected feeding period after the establishment of food-entrained behavioral rhythms. Moreover, refeeding after fasting rapidly induced a transient mPer expression in the same area of DMH. Taken in conjunction with recent findings (i) that behavioral expression of food-entrainable circadian rhythms is blocked by cell-specific lesions of DMH in rats and (ii) that DMH neurons directly project to orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus, which are essential for proper expression of food-entrained behavioral rhythms, the present study suggests that DMH plays a key role as a central FEO in the feeding-mediated regulation of circadian behaviors.
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Entrainment to food or other non-photic stimuli is controlled by SCN-independent pacemakers located in various regions of the brain and other organs.
“This entrainment to food, or other non-photic stimuli, is controlled by SCN-independent pacemakers located in various regions of the brain and other organs (Stokkan et al., 2001; Stephan, 2002; Mieda et al., 2006).”
From Circadian genes, rhythms and the biology of mood disorders (2007) · cites this paper as Mieda et al., 2006
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- Authors
- Mieda, M., Williams, S. C., Richardson, J. A., Tanaka, K., & Yanagisawa, M.
- Affiliations
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University (JP)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Pathology,
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2006-08-08
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 32
- Pages
- 12150-12155
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC1567710
- OpenAlex
- W2072814223
- Cited by
- 290
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 14.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- W. M. Keck Foundation
- Suzuken Memorial Foundation
- Ichiro Kanehara Foundation for the Promotion of Medical Sciences and Medical Care
- Japan Science and Technology Agency
- Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- dorsomedial hypothalamus, food-entrainable oscillator, circadian pacemaker, feed restriction, membrane-proximal external region, circadian rhythm, fasting and refeeding, orexin neurons, lateral hypothalamus, mouse brain
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biological Clocks, Brain, Circadian Rhythm, Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus, Feeding Behavior, Food Deprivation, Hypothalamus, Neurons, Obesity, Oscillometry, Time Factors, Up-Regulation, Mice
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