Cited by 257Circadian rhythm and melatoninSleep and Wakefulness ResearchSleep and Work-Related Fatigue

Circadian clocks: setting time by food

Mendoza, J.·2007·Journal of Neuroendocrinology

Abstract

In mammals, daily rhythms in behaviour and physiology are driven by a circadian timing system comprised, in a hierarchical way, of a master pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus and of peripheral oscillators in most body cells. At the molecular level, in both the SCN and peripheral oscillators, the circadian clock mechanism is built from interconnected feedback loops in gene expression that operate in a cell-autonomous and self-sustained fashion. The SCN clock is mainly entrained by light/dark cycles. By contrast, peripheral oscillators can be strongly affected by daily feeding cycles, which have little effect on the phase of the SCN. However, when feeding schedules are coupled with a caloric restriction, behavioural and physiological circadian rhythms and gene expression in the SCN are shifted and/or entrained to meal-time. Moreover, the reward and motivational value of food can also be a potent synchroniser for the SCN clock. This suggests that energy metabolism and motivational properties of food can influence the clock mechanism of the SCN. Food-related cues may entrain clock genes of the SCN with a direct effect, or be mediated indirectly by another neural or peripheral site. In addition, there may be one or more oscillator sites that would play an integral role as a food-entrained oscillator (FEO), responsible for anticipation of meal-time. The site housing, or the network underlying, this putative FEO is still unknown. The aim of this review is to summarise our current knowledge of the central and peripheral circadian clocks and how they can be entrained by feeding at the physiological and molecular levels.

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Crossref · 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2006.01510.x

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Authors
Mendoza, J.
Affiliations
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
Corresponding author
Mendoza, J.
Venue
Journal of Neuroendocrinology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2006-12-06
Volume
19
Issue
2
Pages
127-137
ISSN
  • 0953-8194 (ISSN-L)
  • 1365-2826
OpenAlex
W2043225484
Cited by
257
References
107
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 14
FWCI
1.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Neuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Keywords
circadian clock, suprachiasmatic nucleus, feeding rhythm, caloric restriction, clock gene expression, peripheral oscillators, food reward, energy metabolism, light-dark cycle, circadian rhythm
MeSH terms
Animals, Biological Clocks, Circadian Rhythm, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Mammals, Motivation, Periodicity, Reward, Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Caloric Restriction

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