Enhancement of immunity in the elderly by dietary supplementation with the probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis HN019
Open accessAbstract
Background The aging process can lead to a decline in cellular immunity. Therefore, the elderly could benefit from safe and effective interventions that restore cellular immune functions.Objective We determined whether dietary supplementation with the known immunostimulating probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 could enhance aspects of cellular immunity in elderly subjects.Design Thirty healthy elderly volunteers (age range: 63-84 y; median: 69 y) participated in a 3-stage dietary supplementation trial lasting 9 wk. During stage 1 (run-in), subjects consumed low-fat milk (200 mL twice daily for 3 wk) as a base-diet control. During stage 2 (intervention), they consumed milk supplemented with B. lactis HN019 in a typical dose (5 x 10(10) organisms/d) or a low dose (5 x 10(9) organisms/d) for 3 wk. During stage 3 (washout), they consumed low-fat milk for 3 wk. Changes in the relative proportions of leukocyte subsets and ex vivo leukocyte phagocytic and tumor-cell-killing activity were determined longitudinally by assaying peripheral blood samples.Results Increases in the proportions of total, helper (CD4(+)), and activated (CD25(+)) T lymphocytes and natural killer cells were measured in the subjects' blood after consumption of B. lactis HN019. The ex vivo phagocytic capacity of mononuclear and polymorphonuclear phagocytes and the tumoricidal activity of natural killer cells were also elevated after B. lactis HN019 consumption. The greatest changes in immunity were found in subjects who had poor pretreatment immune responses. In general, the 2 doses of B. lactis HN019 had similar effectiveness.Conclusion B. lactis HN019 could be an effective probiotic dietary supplement for enhancing some aspects of cellular immunity in the elderly.
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Administration of specific strains of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria as probiotics, as well as fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, and other prebiotics, or the combination of both, might constitute a benefit for immunocompromised people.
“Therefore, the administration of specific strains of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria as probiotics as well as fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, and other prebiotics, or the combination of both might constitute a benefit for immunocompromised people (118–122).”
From Immunosenescence and Its Hallmarks: How to Oppose Aging Strategically? A Review of Potential Options for Therapeutic Intervention (2019) · cites this paper as [119]
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“their ability to inhibit the proliferation of colon cancer cells((38)), particularly in elderly individuals((39,40)).”
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“Data from human studies that assessed the effects of probiotics((31,32)), prebiotics((33)) or synbiotics((34)) on immune function were used to determine the sample size required to detect significant effects on immune function including markers of phagocytosis, lymphocyte subsets and cytokine production.”
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“In a human study, the consumption of LAB was shown to enhance cell-mediated immune responses in the elderly (Gill et al., 2001; Sheih et al., 2001).”
BackgroundAntiallergic Effects of Probiotics1,
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“In addition, B. lactis HN019 was proved to be effective as a probiotic dietary supplement, improving some aspects of cellular immunity in the elderly after three weeks of consumption (Gill et al., 2001).”
BackgroundRoessler, A., Friedrich, U., Vogelsang, H., Bauer, A., Kaatz, M., Hipler, U. ‐., Schmidt, I., & Jahreis, G. (2007) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02876.x · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Probiotics and prebiotics in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases
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“Since Metchnikoff’s work (26), a wealth of data have shown that probiotic bacteria are involved in host immune responses in humans (9, 24).”
BackgroundImmunosenescence: Aging and Immune System Decline
Goyani, P., Christodoulou, R. C., & Vassiliou, E. K. (2024) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines12121314 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Antivirulence Properties of Probiotics in Combating Microbial Pathogenesis
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“Dietary supplementation of Bifidobacterium lactis led to increases in T-lymphocyte and NK cells in the systemic circulation, as well as upregulation of NK cell cytotoxicity activity (Gill et al. 2001).”
BackgroundProbiotics and prebiotics in the elderly
Hamilton-Miller, J. M. T. (2004) · Postgraduate Medical Journal · doi:10.1136/pgmj.2003.015339 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Inflammaging as a target for healthy ageing
Dugan, B., Conway, J., & Duggal, N. A. (2023) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afac328 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
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“Probiotics induce cellular immunity in phagocyte and NK cells [33,41] and promote IgA secretion into saliva to enhance the vaccine effects [35,42].”
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“Several lines of evidence show that dietary consumption of probiotic lactic acid bacteria can enhance the activity of NK cells in healthy adult subjects (19,20).”
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Quercetin improves gut dysbiosis in antibiotic-treated mice
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“, and LAB, are probiotic organisms in humans and stimulate immune function and anti-tumor effects [19-45].”
BackgroundThe interaction between gut microbiota and age-related changes in immune function and inflammation
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“) lactis HN 019 to aged individuals led to the recovery of granulocyte and NK cell activities [43].”
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“Decreases in the numbers of T cells in peripheral blood, decreased capacity of T cells to proliferate and secrete cytokines, poor contribution to effective delayed-type hypersensitivity responses in vivo, a decline in innate immunity, including phagocytic and NK cell activity [2], and a decrease in specific antibody r…”
BackgroundRizzello, V., Bonaccorsi, I., Dongarrà, M. L., Fink, L. N., & Ferlazzo, G. (2011) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2011/473097 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
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“Consumption of probiotics changed the relative proportions of leucocyte subsets and enhanced phagocytic activity as well as natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity (Gill et al. 2001; Olivares et al. 2006).”
Cheesomics: the future pathway to understanding cheese flavour and quality.
Afshari, R., Pillidge, C. J., Dias, D. A., Osborn, A. M., & Gill, H. (2020) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2018.1512471 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
“Indeed, several NSLAB isolated from cheese have been found to exhibit unique health-promoting properties and are currently being used as probiotics worldwide (Prasad et al. 1998; Gill et al. 2001; da Cruz et al. 2009; Settanni and Moschetti 2010).”
BackgroundCalder, P. C., Ortega, E. F., Meydani, S. N., Adkins, Y. C., Stephensen, C. B., Thompson, B., & Zwickey, H. L. (2022) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmac052 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
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“Immune-stimulant activity among healthy adult volunteers, with no notable adverse health events has been documented [31–33].”
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“Among them, Bifidobacterium lactis is a probiotic strain that is consumed worldwide, which can reduce the severity of pathogen infection and enhance immunity in the elderly (9) and protect enterocytes from an acute inflammatory response induced by enteropathogen (10).”
BackgroundGut changes attributed to ageing: effects on intestinal microflora
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Natural Health Products, Modulation of Immune Function and Prevention of Chronic Diseases
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Distinct gut-derived lactic acid bacteria elicit divergent dendritic cell-mediated NK cell responses
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Caseinomacropeptide and whey protein concentrate enhance Bifidobacterium lactis growth in milk
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“lactis HN019 has been proven to be immunostimulatory, but not to induce pathological inflammation [12,39], which could explain the increased COX-2-to-COX-1 in the case of B.”
BackgroundDrinking yoghurts with berry polyphenols added before and after fermentation
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African Traditional Fermented Foods and Probiotics
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“36 It is surprising, though erroneous, to find that Elie Metchnikoff noted a tendency to longer life in people who consumed fermented foods, 37 as recent medical science history has revealed that he later denied that he had ever inferred that drinking fermented milk would prolong life.”
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“This cell line principal end products of fermentation by Bifidobacteria spontaneously differentiates under standard culture are acetate and lactate which are produced in a 3:2 conditions and the differentiated cells then express molar ratio (Gill et al., 2001).”
BackgroundProbiotics, immunity and exercise: a review.
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Mucosal Biofilm Communities in the Human Intestinal Tract
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“Multiple reports have shown a significantly promoted phagocytic capacity of phagocytes by probiotic supplementation as an immunomodulator [83].”
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“Several human studies have also recommended that lower doses of probiotics may be more effective and improve cellular immunity to the preferred extent [63].”
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“One proposed mechanism is that probiotics initiate an immune response in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue, resulting in circulation of primed T and B cells and immune activation at distant mucosal surfaces (Perdigon et al., 1999; Gill et al., 2001).”
The inflammatory status of the elderly: The intestinal contribution
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“Cumulatively, it should be noted that the results of a human supplementation trial suggest that lower doses could be more effective immune modulators than higher doses [44].”
Background
- Authors
- Gill, H. S., Rutherfurd, K. J., Cross, M. L., & Gopal, P. K.
- Affiliations
- Massey University (NZ)
- ORCID
- Gopal, Pramod K
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-12
- Volume
- 74
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 833-839
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1905558879
- Cited by
- 485
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 21.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Infant Nutrition and Health
- Keywords
- probiotics, dietary supplementation, cell-mediated immunity, older adults, aging, T cells, natural killer cells, phagocytic activity, milk supplementation, immunosenescence
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Animals, Bifidobacterium, Female, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Killer Cells, Natural, Leukocytes, Male, Middle Aged, Milk, Phagocytosis, Colony Count, Microbial, Dietary Supplements, Probiotics
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