Exercise therapy in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder, affecting 8-12% of women. Lifestyle modification, including increased physical activity, is the first-line approach in managing PCOS. A systematic review was performed to identify and describe the effect of exercise as an independent intervention on clinical outcomes in PCOS. METHODS: Five databases were searched with no time limit. A pre-specified definition of PCOS was not used. Studies were included if exercise therapy (aerobic and/or resistance) could be evaluated as an independent treatment against a comparison group. Outcomes measured included cardiovascular risk factors [insulin resistance (IR), lipid profiles, blood pressure and weight] and reproductive measures (ovulation, menstrual regularity and fertility outcomes). Quality analysis was performed based on the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews and the Quality of Reporting of Meta-Analyses checklist. RESULTS: Eight manuscripts were identified (five randomized controlled trials and three cohort studies). All studies involved moderate intensity physical activity and most were of either 12 or 24 weeks duration with frequency and duration of exercise sessions ranging between studies. The most consistent improvements included improved ovulation, reduced IR (9-30%) and weight loss (4.5-10%). Improvements were not dependant on the type of exercise, frequency or length of exercise sessions. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise-specific interventions in PCOS are limited. Studies vary considerably in design, intensity and outcome measures; therefore conclusive results remain elusive. Larger, optimally designed studies are needed to both gain insights into the mechanisms of exercise action and to evaluate the public health impact of exercise of PCOS.
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Exercise can have favourable effects on insulin resistance in women with PCOS.
“exercise can have favourable effects on IR, body fat distribution, and CVD risk in these patients [25]”
From Exercise, or exercise and diet for the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [25]
Exercise can have favourable effects on cardiovascular disease risk in women with PCOS.
“exercise can have favourable effects on IR, body fat distribution, and CVD risk in these patients [25]”
From Exercise, or exercise and diet for the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [25]
Exercise can have favourable effects on body fat distribution in women with PCOS.
“exercise can have favourable effects on IR, body fat distribution, and CVD risk in these patients [25]”
From Exercise, or exercise and diet for the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [25]
This review located and meta-analysed data from more trials, made a greater number of comparisons, and included a wider range of outcomes than previous systematic reviews.
“We located and meta-analysed data from more trials, made a greater number of comparisons, and included a wider range of outcomes when compared to previous systematic reviews [25, 125, 126, 148].”
From Exercise, or exercise and diet for the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [25]
Lifestyle therapy has significant health benefits in women with PCOS.
“Lifestyle therapy is deemed first line for women with PCOS, targeting prevention of weight gain and promoting weight loss where required, with significant health benefits. 6,163,207”
From Assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Summary of an evidence-based guideline (2011) · cites this paper as [207]
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- Authors
- Harrison, C. L., Lombard, C. B., Moran, L. J., & Teede, H. J.
- Affiliations
- Monash Medical Centre (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Teede, H. J.
- Venue
- Human Reproduction Update
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2010-09-10
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 171-183
- ISSN
- 1355-4786 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2369
- OpenAlex
- W2135699517
- Cited by
- 267
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 1.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Human Reproduction Update (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- polycystic ovary syndrome, exercise therapy, aerobic exercise, resistance training, insulin resistance, ovulation, menstrual cycle regularity, fertility, weight loss, cardiovascular risk factors, lipid profile, blood pressure
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Pressure, Body Weight, Exercise Therapy, Female, Fertility, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Lipids, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Cohort Studies, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome
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