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Cited by 545Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsPhysical Activity and HealthDiabetes Treatment and Management

Effective exercise modality to reduce insulin resistance in women with type 2 diabetes

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Cuff, Darcye J., Meneilly, Graydon S., Martin, Alan, Ignaszewski, Andrew, Tildesley, Hugh D., Frohlich, Jiri J.·2003·Diabetes Care
DOI 10.2337/diacare.26.11.2977
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a combined resistance and aerobic training program would improve insulin sensitivity compared with aerobic training alone in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes. A second objective was to relate the improved insulin sensitivity to changes in abdominal adipose tissue (AT) and thigh muscle density. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 28 obese postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to one of three 16-week treatments: control, aerobic only training (Ae only), or aerobic plus resistance training (Ae+RT). Pre- and posttreatment outcome measures included glucose disposal by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and computed tomography scans of abdominal AT and mid-thigh skeletal muscle. RESULTS—Glucose infusion rates increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the Ae+RT group. Both exercise groups had reduced abdominal subcutaneous and visceral AT and increased muscle density. The Ae+RT training group exhibited a significantly greater increase in muscle density than the Ae only group. Improved glucose disposal was independently associated with changes in subcutaneous AT, visceral AT, and muscle density. Muscle density retained a relationship with glucose disposal after controlling for abdominal AT. CONCLUSIONS—Adding resistance training to aerobic training enhanced glucose disposal in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes. The improved insulin sensitivity is related to loss of abdominal subcutaneous and visceral AT and to increased muscle density.

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  • All reported combination training had a greater total duration of exercise and caloric use than when each type of training was undertaken alone.

    “However, all reported combination training had a greater total duration of exercise and caloric use than when each type of training was undertaken alone ( 51 , 183 , 238 ).”

    From Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [51]

    The Exercise training protocols (p. 2) specify 75-minute classes for both combined and aerobic-only training, contrary to the claimed greater duration. The authors also say the classes were designed to minimize differences in energy expenditure, rather than reporting greater caloric use for combined training. (LLM, conf=0.90)

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  • The total duration of exercise and caloric expenditure was greatest with combined training in all studies done to date, and both types of training were undertaken together on the same days.

    “However, the total duration of exercise and caloric expenditure was greatest with combined training in all studies done to date ( 51 , 183 , 238 ), and both types of training were undertaken together on the same days.”

    From Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [51]

    The Exercise training protocols (p. 2) show that aerobic and resistance exercise took place in the same sessions, supporting that part of the claim. But both exercise groups had 75-minute sessions three times weekly, and the classes were designed to minimize differences in energy expenditure. This contradicts the claim that combined training had the greatest duration and caloric expenditure in this study; the paper also cannot establish that pattern for all studies. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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  • A combination of aerobic and resistance training may be more effective for blood glucose management than either type of exercise alone.

    “A combination of aerobic and resistance training may be more effective for BG management than either type of exercise alone ( 51 , 238 ).”

    From Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [51]

    The introduction (p. 1) suggests that combined training may reduce insulin resistance more than either exercise alone, and the results (p. 4) show improved glucose disposal with combined training but not aerobic training alone. The study did not include a resistance-only group, and it found no change in glycosylated hemoglobin, so it does not establish better blood glucose management than both forms of exercise alone. (LLM, conf=0.83)

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Authors
Cuff, D. J., Meneilly, G. S., Martin, A., Ignaszewski, A., Tildesley, H. D., & Frohlich, J. J.
Affiliations
  • University of British Columbia (CA)
  • School of Human Kinetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
  • St. Paul's Hospital (CA)
ORCID
Meneilly, Graydon S.
Venue
Diabetes Care
Publisher
American Diabetes Association
Published
2003-11-01
Volume
26
Issue
11
Pages
2977-2982
ISSN
  • 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
  • 1935-5548
DOI
10.2337/diacare.26.11.2977
OpenAlex
W2122173503
Cited by
545
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 33
FWCI
7.12
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Heart and Stroke Foundation of British Columbia and Yukon
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
Keywords
type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, resistance training, aerobic exercise, concurrent training, postmenopausal women, abdominal fat, visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue, glucose disposal, obesity
MeSH terms
Adipose Tissue, Aged, Blood Glucose, Body Composition, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Middle Aged, Physical Fitness, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Glucose Clamp Technique, Exercise, Postmenopause, Muscle, Skeletal

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