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Trust and Growth
Open accessAbstract
ResumenEl efecto de la ideología política en el poder sobre el crecimiento económico , la distribución de la renta factorial y la desigualdad: evidencia para 20 países de América Latina, 1975-2017 Este trabajo de grado de maestría tiene como objetivo estimar el efecto de la ideología política en el poder sobre el nivel de ingreso, sus variaciones en el corto plazo, la distribución en la renta factorial y la desigualdad para 20 países de América Latina en el periodo de 1975-2017.Se realiza la revisión bibliográfica sobre la interacción de estas variables y se presentan los principales resultados de los artículos.La metodología econométrica usada es datos paneles dinámicos y se desarrollan tres modelos con múltiples variaciones que en términos generales son: El modelo sobre el nivel de ingreso del PIB per cápita real deflactado a precios del año 2010 usando como denominador la población en edad de trabajar, un modelo de la participación del trabajo en la renta factorial y, otro modelo para la desigualdad medida por el índice de Gini de los ingresos; cada modelo tiene tres grupos de variables: teoría económica, políticas y exógenas.Las fuentes de los datos utilizadas en el trabajo de grado son: Banco Mundial, Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID), Reserva Federal de los Estados Unidos y Transparencia Internacional.Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, las variables teóricas en el modelo de nivel de ingreso del PIB per cápita real son: la educación, la inversión y el crecimiento demográfico (Mankiw, Romer & Weil;1992); para el modelo de desigualdad las variables teóricas son: los impuestos a las ganancias y el capital, los impuestos a los bienes y servicios, el PIB per cápita, el nivel de desempleo, el gasto en educación, el gasto público en inversión y el índice de percepción de la democracia (Munduch, 2018).Las variables políticas son tomadas de la base de Cruz, Keefer & X significativas en los modelos de desigualdad.Finalmente, los términos de intercambio y los precios de los commodities son favorables para incrementar el nivel de ingreso y reducir la desigualdad, salvo en el modelo de participación del trabajo en la renta factorial donde el aumento de los precios de los commodities reduce la participación del trabajo en la renta.Todas estas conclusiones están basadas en las estimaciones de los modelos
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Cites
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zak, P. J., & Knack, S.
- Venue
- The Economic Journal
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2001-03-01
- Volume
- 111
- Issue
- 470
- Pages
- 295-321
- ISSN
- 0013-0133 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-0297
- OpenAlex
- W3125274274
- Cited by
- 2,685
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 165.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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