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Cited by 459Neural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesEmotions and Moral Behavior

Suppression and enhancement of emotional responses to unpleasant pictures

Jackson, Daren C., Malmstadt, Jessica R., Larson, Christine L., Davidson, Richard J.·2000·Psychophysiology
DOI 10.1111/1469-8986.3740515
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Abstract

Despite the prominence of emotional dysfunction in psychopathology, relatively few experiments have explicitly studied emotion regulation in adults. The present study examined one type of emotion regulation: voluntary regulation of short‐term emotional responses to unpleasant visual stimuli. In a sample of 48 college students, both eyeblink startle magnitude and corrugator activity were sensitive to experimental manipulation. Instructions to suppress negative emotion led to both smaller startle eyeblinks and decreased corrugator activity. Instructions to enhance negative emotion led to larger startle eyeblinks and increased corrugator activity. Several advantages of this experimental manipulation are discussed, including the use of both a suppress and an enhance emotion condition, independent measurement of initial emotion elicitation and subsequent regulation of that emotion, the use of a completely within‐subjects design, and the use of naturalistic emotion regulation strategies.

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  • Cognitive reappraisal effectively diminishes negative affect as measured by self-reported emotional experience, the affectively-modulated startle response, and other peripheral physiological measures.

    “Converging evidence from several studies has shown that reappraisal effectively diminishes negative affect as measured by self-reported emotional experience (Gross, 1998), the affectively-modulated startle response (Jackson, Malmstadt, Larson, & Davidson, 2000), and other peripheral physiological measures (Eippert, Viet, Weiskopf, Birbaumer, & Anders, 2007).”

    From Gender Differences in Emotion Regulation: An fMRI Study of Cognitive Reappraisal (2008) · cites this paper as Jackson, Malmstadt, Larson, & Davidson, 2000

  • The demonstration of changes in arousal due to the intentional regulation strategy coincides with evidence from studies of cognitive regulation of emotion showing behavioral, physiological, and neural changes associated with intentional reappraisal.

    “In addition, our demonstration of changes in arousal due to the intentional regulation strategy coincides with evidence from studies of the cognitive regulation of emotion illustrating significant behavioral (1–3), physiological (4, 5), and neural (1–3) changes associated with the intentional use of regulation strategies to reappraise emotional stimuli.”

    From Thinking like a trader selectively reduces individuals' loss aversion (2009) · cites this paper as [5]

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Authors
Jackson, D. C., Malmstadt, J. R., Larson, C. L., & Davidson, R. J.
Affiliations
University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
ORCID
Venue
Psychophysiology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2000-07
Volume
37
Issue
4
Pages
515-522
ISSN
  • 0048-5772 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-8986
DOI
10.1111/1469-8986.3740515
OpenAlex
W2098827182
Cited by
459
References
30
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 27
FWCI
3.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 991 d)
Locations
  • Psychophysiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01mh040747-14, 5k05mh000875-10)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (MH40747, MH 43454, K05-MH 00875)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
Keywords
emotion regulation, unpleasant pictures, startle response, corrugator supercilii, facial muscle activity, emotional responses, within-subjects design
MeSH terms
Adult, Blinking, Emotions, Female, Humans, Male, Photic Stimulation, Self Concept, Reflex, Startle

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