The intestinal microbiota: Antibiotics, colonization resistance, and enteric pathogens
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Summary: The human gastrointestinal tract hosts a diverse network of microorganisms, collectively known as the microbiota that plays an important role in health and disease. For instance, the intestinal microbiota can prevent invading microbes from colonizing the gastrointestinal tract, a phenomenon known as colonization resistance. Perturbations to the microbiota, such as antibiotic administration, can alter microbial composition and result in the loss of colonization resistance. Consequently, the host may be rendered susceptible to colonization by a pathogen. This is a particularly relevant concern in the hospital setting, where antibiotic use and antibiotic‐resistant pathogen exposure are more frequent. Many nosocomial infections arise from gastrointestinal colonization. Due to their resistance to antibiotics, treatment is often very challenging. However, recent studies have demonstrated that manipulating the commensal microbiota can prevent and treat various infections in the intestine. In this review, we discuss the members of the microbiota, as well as the mechanisms, that govern colonization resistance against specific pathogens. We also review the effects of antibiotics on the microbiota, as well as the unique epidemiology of immunocompromised patients that renders them a particularly high‐risk population to intestinal nosocomial infections.
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Antibiotic treatments reduce colonization resistance, thereby favoring engraftment.
“Antibiotic treatments, although eliminating both disease- and health-associated bacteria as a side effect, reduce colonization resistance, thereby favoring engraftment. 75,142”
From Key determinants of success in fecal microbiota transplantation: From microbiome to clinic (2023) · cites this paper as [142]
Nutrient availability significantly impacts the diversity and abundance of the micro-organisms that colonize the intestine.
“Nutrient availability significantly impacts the diversity and abundance of the micro-organisms that colonize the intestine [58–63].”
From Role of the gut microbiota in nutrient competition and protection against intestinal pathogen colonization (2023) · cites this paper as [58]
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- Authors
- Kim, S., Covington, A., & Pamer, E. G.
- Affiliations
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pamer, Eric G.
- Venue
- Immunological Reviews
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-08-30
- Volume
- 279
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 90-105
- ISSN
- 0105-2896 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-065X
- PMC
- PMC6026851
- OpenAlex
- W2753747201
- Cited by
- 741
- References
- 147
- Citations by year
- 2026: 49 · 2025: 67 · 2024: 112 · 2023: 95 · 2022: 136 · 2021: 117 · 2020: 69 · 2019: 68 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 4.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Immunological Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (P01CA023766, P30CA008748)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM007739)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI095706, U01AI124275, R01AI042135)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, colonization resistance, antibiotics, enteric pathogens, nosocomial infections, antibiotic resistance, immunocompromised patients, commensal microbiota, intestinal colonization
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacterial Infections, Cross Infection, Drug Resistance, Humans, Immunocompromised Host, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Dysbiosis
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