Role of the Basolateral Amygdala in Memory Consolidation
Abstract
A bstract:Memories of emotionally arousing events tend to be more vivid and to persist longer than do memories of neutral or trivial events. Moreover, memories of emotionally influenced information may endure after a single experience. Recent findings strongly suggest that the influence of emotional arousal on memory consolidation is mediated by the release of adrenal stress hormones (epinephrine and glucocorticoids) and neurotransmitters that converge in modulating the noradrenergic system within the amygdala. Considerable evidence also indicates that amygdala activation influences memory by regulating consolidation in other brain regions. The findings suggest further that this memory‐modulatory system may be involved in the formation of traumatic memories and posttraumatic stress disorder in human subjects.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The amygdala is a critical component of emotional learning and memory.
“It is well known that the amygdala is a critical component of emotional learning and memory.”
From The Temporal Dynamics Model of Emotional Memory Processing: A Synthesis on the Neurobiological Basis of Stress-Induced Amnesia, Flashbulb and Traumatic Memories, and the Yerkes-Dodson Law (2007) · cites this paper as McIntyre et al. [334]
Cites
Memory - A century of consolidation
McGaugh, J. L. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.287.5451.248 · Cited by 4,250 · see citing works
Self-citationβ-Adrenergic activation and memory for emotional events
Cahill, L., Prins, B., Weber, M., & McGaugh, J. L. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/371702a0 · Cited by 1,271 · see citing works
Self-citationStress and glucocorticoids impair retrieval of long-term spatial memory
de Quervain, D. J.-F., Roozendaal, B., & McGaugh, J. L. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/29542 · Cited by 1,182 · see citing works
Self-citationGuzowski, J. F., Lyford, G. L., Stevenson, G. D., Houston, F. P., McGaugh, J. L., Worley, P. F., & Barnes, C. A. (2000) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-11-03993.2000 · Cited by 992 · see citing works
Self-citationPilot study of secondary prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder with propranolol
Pitman, R. K., Sanders, K. M., Zusman, R. M., Healy, A. R., Cheema, F., Lasko, N. B., Cahill, L., & Orr, S. P. (2002) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01279-3 · Cited by 964 · see citing works
Steward, O., Wallace, C. S., Lyford, G., & Worley, P. (1998) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80591-7 · Cited by 845 · see citing works
The Brain Nucleus Locus Coeruleus: Restricted Afferent Control of a Broad Efferent Network
Aston‐Jones, G., Ennis, M. J., Pieribone, V. A., Nickell, W. T., & Shipley, M. T. (1986) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3775363 · Cited by 778 · see citing works
Enhanced memory for emotional material following stress-level cortisol treatment in humans
Buchanan, T. W., & Lovallo, W. R. (2001) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/s0306-4530(00)00058-5 · Cited by 762 · see citing works
Unnerstall, J. R., Kopajtic, T. A., & Kuhar, M. J. (1984) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/0165-0173(84)90030-4 · Cited by 708 · see citing works
Glucocorticoids and the regulation of memory consolidation
Roozendaal, B. (2000) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/s0306-4530(99)00058-x · Cited by 665 · see citing works
Self-citationSelective corticosteroid antagonists modulate specific aspects of spatial orientation learning.
Oitzl, M. S., & de Kloet, E. R. (1992) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037//0735-7044.106.1.62 · Cited by 641 · see citing works
Combinatorial amygdalar inputs to hippocampal domains and hypothalamic behavior systems.
Petrovich, G., Canteras, N., & Swanson, L. (2001) · Brain research. Brain research reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(01)00080-7 · Cited by 628 · see citing works
Amygdala modulation of hippocampal-dependent and caudate nucleus-dependent memory processes
Packard, M. G., Cahill, L., & McGaugh, J. L. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.18.8477 · Cited by 544 · see citing works
Self-citationGlucocorticoid receptor immunoreactivity in monoaminergic neurons of rat brain.
Härfstrand, A., Fuxé, K., Cintra, A., Agnati, L. F., Zini, I., Wikström, A. C., Okret, S., Yu, Z., Goldstein, M., & Steinbusch, H. W. M. (1986) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.83.24.9779 · Cited by 476 · see citing works
Organization of amygdaloid projections to the prefrontal cortex and associated striatum in the rat
McDonald, A. J. (1991) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(91)90247-l · Cited by 463 · see citing works
Post-traumatic stress disorder, hormones, and memory.
Pitman, R. (1989) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0006-3223(89)90033-4 · Cited by 447 · see citing works
Liang, K., Juler, R. G., & McGaugh, J. L. (1986) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(86)91049-8 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Self-citationQuirarte, G. L., Roozendaal, B., & McGaugh, J. L. (1997) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.94.25.14048 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Self-citationFacilitation of time-dependent memory processes with posttrial epinephrine injections
Gold, P. E., & Buskirk, R. B. V. (1975) · Behavioral Biology · doi:10.1016/s0091-6773(75)91784-8 · Cited by 377 · see citing works
Mcdonald, A. J. (1991) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(91)90248-m · Cited by 372 · see citing works
Schelling, G., Briegel, J., Roozendaal, B., Stoll, C., Rothenhäusler, H., & Kapfhammer, H. (2001) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01270-7 · Cited by 337 · see citing works
Self-citationRoozendaal, B., & McGaugh, J. L. (1996) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1006/nlme.1996.0001 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Self-citationIzquierdo, I., Quillfeldt, J. A., Zanatta, M. S., Quevedo, J., Schaeffer, E. L., Schmitz, P. K., & Medina, J. H. (1997) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.1997.tb01427.x · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Roozendaal, B., & McGaugh, J. L. (1997) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.1997.tb01355.x · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Self-citationBlood-Brain Barrier for Adrenaline
Weil‐Malherbe, H., Axelrod, J., & Tomchick, R. (1959) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.129.3357.1226 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Roozendaal, B., Nguyen, B. T., Power, A. E., & McGaugh, J. L. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.20.11642 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Self-citationAmygdala Modulation of Multiple Memory Systems: Hippocampus and Caudate-Putamen
Packard, M. G., & Teather, L. A. (1998) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1006/nlme.1997.3815 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Point mutation in the mouse glucocorticoid receptor preventing DNA binding impairs spatial memory
Oitzl, M. S., Reichardt, H. M., Joëls, M., & de Kloet, E. R. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.231313998 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Roozendaal, B., & McGaugh, J. L. (1997) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1006/nlme.1996.3765 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Self-citationHatfield, T., & McGaugh, J. L. (1999) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1006/nlme.1998.3875 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Self-citationFrey, S., Bergado, J. A., Seidenbecher, T., Pape, H., & Frey, J. U. (2001) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-10-03697.2001 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Roozendaal, B., Quirarte, G. L., & McGaugh, J. L. (2002) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01876.x · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Self-citationFerry, B., Roozendaal, B., & McGaugh, J. L. (1999) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.19-12-05119.1999 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Self-citationNorepinephrine Release in the Amygdala in Response to Footshock Stimulation
Galvez, R., Mesches, M. H., & McGaugh, J. L. (1996) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1006/nlme.1996.0067 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Self-citationParé, D., & Gaudreau, H. (1996) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.16-10-03334.1996 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Norepinephrine release in the amygdala in response to footshock and opioid peptidergic drugs
Quirarte, G. L., Galvez, R., Roozendaal, B., & McGaugh, J. L. (1998) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00795-1 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Self-citationMcIntyre, C. K., Hatfield, T., & McGaugh, J. L. (2002) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.02188.x · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Self-citationBasolateral amygdala lesions block glucocorticoid-induced modulation of memory for spatial learning.
Roozendaal, B., Portillo-Marquez, G., & McGaugh, J. L. (1996) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037//0735-7044.110.5.1074 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Self-citationMemory Formation: Evidence for a Specific Neurochemical System in the Amygdala
Gallagher, M., Kapp, B. S., Musty, R. E., & Driscoll, P. A. (1977) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.20664 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Involvement of the amygdala GABAergic system in the modulation of memory storage
Brioni, J. D., Nagahara, A. H., & McGaugh, J. L. (1989) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90945-1 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Self-citationGold, P. E., & van Buskirk, R. (1978) · Behavioral Biology · doi:10.1016/s0091-6773(78)91614-0 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Analysis of Connectivity: Neural Systems in the Cerebral Cortex
Young, M. P., Scanneil, J. W., Burns, G., & Blakemore, C. B. (1994) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro.1994.5.3.227 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Perkins, J. P., & Moore, M. M. (1973) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3565(25)29516-7 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
McGaugh, J. L., Introini-Collison, I. B., & Nagahara, A. H. (1988) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(88)91294-2 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Self-citationO’Carroll, R. E., Drysdale, E. E., Cahill, L. F., Shajahan, P. M., & Ebmeier, K. P. (1999) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291799008703 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Roozendaal, B., Phillips, R. G., Power, A. E., Brooke, S. M., Sapolsky, R. M., & McGaugh, J. L. (2001) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn766 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Self-citationPetrov, T., Krukoff, T. L., & Jhamandas, J. H. (1993) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)90858-k · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Seidenbecher, T., Reymann, K. G., & Balschun, D. (1997) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.94.4.1494 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Involvement of α1-adrenoceptors in the basolateral amygdala in modulation of memory storage
Ferry, B., Roozendaal, B., & McGaugh, J. L. (1999) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00169-7 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Self-citationGlucocorticoid-biogenic amine interactions in relation to mood and behavior
McEwen, B. S. (1987) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0006-2952(87)90234-6 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Roozendaal, B., Williams, C. L., & McGaugh, J. L. (1999) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00537.x · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Self-citationBrioni, J. D., & McGaugh, J. L. (1988) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02180032 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Self-citationParent, M. B., & McGaugh, J. L. (1994) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)91186-x · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Self-citationWilliams, C. L., Men, D., Clayton, E. C., & Gold, P. E. (1998) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037//0735-7044.112.6.1414 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Roozendaal, B., de Quervain, D. J.-F., Ferry, B., Setlow, B., & McGaugh, J. L. (2001) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-07-02518.2001 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Self-citationBevilaqua, L. R., Ardenghi, P. G., der, N. S., Bromberg, E., Schmitz, P. K., Schaeffer, E. L., Quevedo, J., Bianchin, M. M., Walz, R., Medina, J. H., et al. (1997) · Behavioural Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/00008877-199708000-00006 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Ikegaya, Y., Saitō, H., & Abe, K. (1995) · Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1016/0168-0102(95)00894-7 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Williams, C. L., & McGaugh, J. L. (1993) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/0735-7044.107.6.955 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Self-citationTanaka, T., Yokoo, H., Mizoguchi, K., Yoshida, M., Tsuda, A., & Tanaka, M. (1991) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)90902-8 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Introini-Collison, I. B., Saghafi, D., Novack, G. D., & McGaugh, J. L. (1992) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)90454-h · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-citationClayton, E. C., & Williams, C. L. (2000) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0166-4328(00)00178-9 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Introini-Collison, I. B., Nagahara, A. H., & McGaugh, J. L. (1989) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)91540-0 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Self-citationDringenberg, H. C., & Vanderwolf, C. H. (1997) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/pl00005736 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Hatfield, T., Spanis, C. W., & McGaugh, J. L. (1999) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(99)01566-8 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Self-citationBorrell, J. I., de Kloet, E. R., Versteeg, D. H. G., & Bohus, B. (1983) · Behavioral and Neural Biology · doi:10.1016/s0163-1047(83)90910-x · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Amygdala β-noradrenergic influence on hippocampal longterm potentiation in vivo
Ikegaya, Y., Nakanishi, K., Saito, H., & Abe, K. (1997) · NeuroReport · doi:10.1097/00001756-199709290-00027 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Cholinergic activation of the electrocorticogram: an amygdaloid activating system
Dringenberg, H. C., & Vanderwolf, C. H. (1996) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00228101 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Roesler, R., Roozendaal, B., & McGaugh, J. L. (2002) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.01924.x · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationLiang, K. (1983) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0166-4328(83)90013-x · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Borrell, J. I., de Kloet, E. R., & Bohus, B. (1984) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(84)90336-9 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Opiate effects in the amygdala central nucleus on heart rate conditioning in rabbits
Gallagher, M., Kapp, B. S., McNall, C. L., & Pascoe, J. P. (1981) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0091-3057(81)90309-9 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Paré, D., Dong, J., & Gaudreau, H. (1995) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.15-03-02482.1995 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Setlow, B., Roozendaal, B., & McGaugh, J. L. (2000) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2000.00911.x · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationNoradrenergic and cholinergic interactions in the amygdala and the modulation of memory storage
Dalmaz, C., Introini-Collison, I. B., & McGaugh, J. L. (1993) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0166-4328(93)90101-u · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citationPower, A. E., Thal, L. J., & McGaugh, J. L. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.022627799 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationPower, A. E., Roozendaal, B., & McGaugh, J. L. (2000) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2000.00224.x · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationPacák, K., Palkovits, M., Květňanský, R., Fukuhara, K., Armando, I., Kopin, I. J., & Goldstein, D. S. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000126417 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Effect of corticosteroids in the hippocampus on passive avoidance behavior in the rat
Cottrell, G. A., & Nakajima, S. (1977) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0091-3057(77)90146-0 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
β2‐Adrenergic Receptors on Peripheral Nerves
Schreurs, J., Seelig, T. L., & Schulman, H. (1986) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb12961.x · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Power, A. E., & McGaugh, J. L. (2002) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1006/nlme.2001.4030 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationAnalgesia, sedation, and memory of intensive care
Capuzzo, M., Pinamonti, A., Cingolani, E., Grassi, L. G., Bianconi, M., Contu, P., Gritti, G., & Alvisi, R. (2001) · Journal of Critical Care · doi:10.1053/jcrc.2001.28789 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Cunha, C. D., Roozendaal, B., Vazdarjanova, A. I., & McGaugh, J. L. (1999) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1006/nlme.1999.3912 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationZilles, K., Qü, M., & Schleicher, A. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Amygdala and dorsal hippocampus lesions block the effects of GABAergic drugs on memory storage
Ammassari‐Teule, M., Pavone, F., Castellano, C., & McGaugh, J. L. (1991) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)90919-m · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationGallagher, M., & Kapp, B. S. (1981) · Behavioral and Neural Biology · doi:10.1016/s0163-1047(81)91130-4 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Memory Impairment Induced by Intraamygdala β-Endorphin Is Mediated by Noradrenergic Influences
Introini-Collison, I. B., Ford, L., & McGaugh, J. L. (1995) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1006/nlme.1995.1021 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationGallagher, M., Rapp, P. R., & Fanelli, R. J. (1985) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)90188-x · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Bockstaele, E. J. V., Colago, E. E. O., & Aicher, S. A. (1998) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01250-x · Cited by 46 · see citing works
α-Noradrenergic potentiation of neurotransmitter-stimulated cAMP production in rat striatal slices
Leblanc, G. G., & Ciaranello, R. D. (1984) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)91452-5 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Li, R., Nishijo, H., Wang, Q.-X., Uwano, T., Tamura, R., Ohtani, O., & Ono, T. (2001) · The Journal of comparative neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.1359 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
A neurobiological perspective on emotionally influenced, long-term memory.
Cahill, L. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Miyashita, T., & Williams, C. L. (2002) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037//0735-7044.116.1.13 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Parent, M. B., Avila, E., & McGaugh, J. L. (1995) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)00095-8 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationWilliams, C. L., & McGaugh, J. L. (1992) · Behavioral and Neural Biology · doi:10.1016/0163-1047(92)90482-j · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationClayton, E. C., & Williams, C. L. (2000) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1006/nlme.1999.3924 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Muscimol Induces Retrograde Amnesia for Changes in Reward Magnitude
Salinas, J. A., & McGaugh, J. L. (1995) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1006/nlme.1995.1032 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationEpinephrine modulation of memory: Amygdala activation and regulation of long-term memory storage.
Liang, K. (2001) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10413-009 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Involvement of Opioid Peptides in Learning and Memory
McGaugh, J. L., Introini-Collison, I. B., & Castellano, C. (1993) · Handbook of experimental pharmacology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-77540-6_17 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationCarrer, H. F., & Meyerson, B. J. (1976) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0091-3057(76)90188-x · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Diamond, D. M., Campbell, A. M., Park, C. R., Halonen, J., & Zoladz, P. R. (2007) · Neural Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2007/60803 · Cited by 762 · see citing works
“[334]; Fanselow and Gale [335]; McGaugh [88]; Dityatev and Bolshakov [336]; Maren [337]; Kim and Jung [21]; Sigurdsson et al.”
BackgroundWith Sadness Comes Accuracy; With Happiness, False Memory
Storbeck, J., & Clore, G. L. (2005) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01615.x · Cited by 472 · see citing works
Izquierdo, I., Furini, C. R. G., & Myskiw, J. C. (2016) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00018.2015 · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Acetylcholine modulation of neural systems involved in learning and memory
Gold, P. E. (2003) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2003.07.003 · Cited by 448 · see citing works
Endogenous cannabinoid signaling is essential for stress adaptation
Hill, M. N., McLaughlin, R. J., Bingham, B., Shrestha, L., Lee, T. T. Y., Gray, J. M., Hillard, C. J., Gorzalka, B. B., & Viau, V. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0914661107 · Cited by 349 · see citing works
Rainnie, D. G., Bergeron, R., Sajdyk, T. J., Patil, M. M., Gehlert, D. R., & Shekhar, A. (2004) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5740-03.2004 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Kraus, K. S., & Canlon, B. (2012) · Hearing Research · doi:10.1016/j.heares.2012.02.009 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Muscarinic cholinergic influences in memory consolidation
Power, A. (2003) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/s1074-7427(03)00086-8 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Self-citationConceptually Driven Pharmacologic Approaches to Acute Trauma
Pitman, R. K., & Delahanty, D. L. (2005) · CNS Spectrums · doi:10.1017/s109285290001943x · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Noradrenaline mediates amygdala activation in men and women during encoding of emotional material
van Stegeren, A. H., Goekoop, R., Everaerd, W., Scheltens, P., Barkhof, F., Kuijer, J. P. A., & Rombouts, S. A. R. B. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.09.011 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Pavlovian Fear Memory Induced by Activation in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex
Tang, J., Ko, S. W., Ding, H.-K., Qiu, C.-S., Calejesan, A. A., & Zhuo, M. (2005) · Molecular Pain · doi:10.1186/1744-8069-1-6 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Roth, T. L., & Sullivan, R. M. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.01.032 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Ritchey, M., Dolcos, F., & Cabeza, R. E. L. (2008) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhm262 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Endogenous cortisol level interacts with noradrenergic activation in the human amygdala
van Stegeren, A. H., Wolf, O. T., Everaerd, W. T. A. M., Scheltens, P., Barkhof, F., & Rombouts, S. A. R. B. (2006) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2006.05.008 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Emotion and episodic memory in neuropsychiatric disorders
Dere, E., Pause, B. M., & Pietrowsky, R. (2010) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2010.03.017 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Power, A. E., Berlau, D. J., McGaugh, J. L., & Steward, O. (2006) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.91206 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Self-citationHuff, N. C., Frank, M. G., Wright-Hardesty, K. J., Sprunger, D. B., Matus-Amat, P., Higgins, E. A., & Rudy, J. W. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4964-05.2006 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Arousal and Stress Effects on Consolidation and Reconsolidation of Recognition Memory
Maroun, M., & Akirav, I. (2007) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301401 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
The forgotten insular cortex: Its role on recognition memory formation
Bermúdez‐Rattoni, F. (2014) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2014.01.001 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Tahmasian, M., Rosenzweig, I., Eickhoff, S. B., Sepehry, A. A., Laird, A. R., Fox, P. T., Morrell, M. J., Khazaie, H., & Eickhoff, C. R. (2016) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.03.026 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Henningsen, K., Palmfeldt, J., Christiansen, S. L., Baiges, I., Bak, S. Y., Jensen, O. N., Gregersen, N., & Wiborg, O. (2012) · Molecular & Cellular Proteomics · doi:10.1074/mcp.m111.016428 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Sandi, C., Woodson, J. C., Haynes, V. F., Park, C. R., Touyarot, K., Lopez-Fernandez, M. A., Venero, C., & Diamond, D. M. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.12.034 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Mesolimbic interaction of emotional valence and reward improves memory formation.
Wittmann, B., Schiltz, K., Boehler, C., & Düzel, E. (2008) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.11.020 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Acute stress modulates genotype effects on amygdala processing in humans
Cousijn, H., Rijpkema, M., Qin, S., van Marle, H. J. F., Franke, B., Hermans, E. J., van Wingen, G., & Fernández, G. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1003514107 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Gold, P. E., & Korol, D. L. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-045396-5.00192-5 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
The many faces of amnesiaPreprint
Gold, P. E. (2006) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.277406 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Emotional Modulation of Learning and Memory: Pharmacological Implications
LaLumiere, R., McGaugh, J. D., & McIntyre, C. K. (2017) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.116.013474 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citationVouimba, R.-M., Muñoz, C., & Diamond, D. M. (2006) · Stress · doi:10.1080/10253890600610973 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Retrieving fear memories, as time goes by…
Monte, F. H. D., Quirk, G. J., Li, B., & Penzo, M. A. (2016) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2016.78 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Stern, S. A., Chen, D. Y., & Alberini, C. M. (2014) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.029348.112 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Ferraris, M., Cassel, J., de Vasconcelos, A. P., Stéphan, A., & Quilichini, P. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.025 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
D-Amphetamine Boosts Language Learning Independent of its Cardiovascular and Motor Arousing Effects
Breitenstein, C., Wailke, S., Bushuven, S., Kamping, S., Zwitserlood, P., Ringelstein, E. B., & Knecht, S. (2004) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300464 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Power, A. E., McIntyre, C. K., Litmanovich, A., & McGaugh, J. L. (2003) · Behavioural Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/00008877-200305000-00004 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citationKukolja, J., Thiel, C., & Fink, G. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0203-09.2009 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Barger, N., Stefanacci, L., & Semendeferi, K. (2007) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.20684 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Jacobs, H., Priovoulos, N., Poser, B., Pagen, L. H. G., Ivanov, D., Verhey, F., & Uludağ, K. (2020) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.52059 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Groch, S., Zinke, K., Wilhelm, I., & Born, J. (2015) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2014.08.013 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Zhao, L., Zhang, X., Shi, J., Epstein, D. H., & Lü, L. (2008) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1406-2 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Alberini, C. M., Johnson, S. A., & Ye, X. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-386892-3.00005-6 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Retrograde Amnesia Induced by Drugs Acting on Different Molecular Systems.
Rossato, J. I., Bonini, J. S., Coitinho, A. S., Vianna, M. R. M. R., Medina, J. H., Cammarota, M., & Izquierdo, I. (2004) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/0735-7044.118.3.563 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
A New Model of Neonatal Stress Which Produces Lasting Neurobehavioral Effects in Adult Rats
McPherson, R. J., Gleason, C. A., Mascher-Denen, M., Chan, M., Kellert, B., & Juul, S. E. (2007) · Neonatology · doi:10.1159/000100084 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Haas, B. W., & Canli, T. (2007) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2007.10.014 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Roesler, R., Lessa, D., Venturella, R., Vianna, M. R. M. R., Luft, T., Henriques, J. A. P., Izquierdo, I., & Schwartsmann, G. (2004) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.0953-816x.2004.03175.x · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Bergado, J. A., Frey, S., Lopez‐Rojas, J., Almaguer‐Melian, W., & Frey, J. U. (2007) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2007.05.003 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Translational Approaches Targeting Reconsolidation
Kroes, M. C. W., Schiller, D., LeDoux, J. E., & Phelps, E. A. (2015) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2015_5008 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Age-related dendritic hypertrophy and sexual dimorphism in rat basolateral amygdala
Rubinow, M. J., Drogos, L. L., & Juraska, J. M. (2007) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.05.006 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Anderson, R. M., Glanz, R. M., Johnson, S. B., Miller, M. M., Romig‐Martin, S. A., & Radley, J. J. (2016) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.24027 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Xiang, L., Szebeni, K., Szebeni, A., Klimek, V., Stockmeier, C. A., Karolewicz, B., Kalbfleisch, J. H., & Ordway, G. A. (2008) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.02.009 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Aging-related episodic memory decline: are emotions the key?
Kinugawa, K., Schumm, S., Pollina, M., Depré, M., Jungbluth, C., Doulazmi, M., Sebban, C., Zlomuzica, A., Pietrowsky, R., Pause, B. M., et al. (2013) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00002 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Whisker-based discrimination of object orientation determined with a rapid training paradigm
Polley, D. B., Rickert, J. L., & Frostig, R. D. (2004) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2004.10.005 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Steidl, S., Mohi-uddin, S., & Anderson, A. (2006) · Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · doi:10.1101/lm.324406 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Role of the Hippocampus and Amygdala in the Extinction of Fear- Motivated Learning
Vianna, M. R. M. R., Coitinho, A. S., & Izquierdo, I. (2004) · Current Neurovascular Research · doi:10.2174/1567202043480170 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Bregonzio, C., Seltzer, A. M., Armando, I., Pavel, J., & Saavedra, J. M. (2008) · Stress · doi:10.1080/10253890801892040 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Neural Underpinnings of Fear and Its Modulation: Implications for Anxiety Disorders
Miller, L. A., Taber, K. H., Gabbard, G. O., & Hurley, R. A. (2005) · Journal of Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1176/jnp.17.1.1 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Wahlstrom, K. L., Huff, M. L., Emmons, E. B., Freeman, J. H., Narayanan, N. S., McIntyre, C. K., & LaLumiere, R. T. (2018) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2848-17.2018 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationRoozendaal, B., Lengvilas, R., McGaugh, J. L., Civelli, O., & Reinscheid, R. K. (2007) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.403607 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationNeuronal plasticity in memory and learning abilities: Theoretical position and selective review
Mangina, C. A., & Sokolov, E. N. (2006) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2005.11.004 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Radley, J. J. (2012) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2012.00007 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Anxiolytic-like effect of losartan injected into amygdala of the acutely stressed rats
López, L., Caif, F., Menéndez, S. G., Fraile, M., Landa, A. I., Baiardi, G., Lafuente, J. V., Braszko, J. J., Bregonzio, C., & Gargiulo, P. Á. (2012) · Pharmacological Reports · doi:10.1016/s1734-1140(12)70730-2 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Thompson, R., Ruch, W., & Hasenöhrl, R. U. (2004) · Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.581 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Kukolja, J., Thiel, C. M., Wolf, O. T., & Fink, G. R. (2008) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1275-8 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Giachero, M., Calfa, G. D., & Molina, V. A. (2013) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.031724.113 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Pergher, G. K., Grassi‐Oliveira, R., de Ávila, L. M., & Stein, L. M. (2006) · Revista de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul · doi:10.1590/s0101-81082006000100008 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Korz, V., & Frey, J. U. (2007) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.459807 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Feng, P., Becker, B., Feng, T., & Zheng, Y. (2018) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.01.057 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Emotion enhanced retention of cognitive skill learning.
Steidl, S., Razik, F., & Anderson, A. (2011) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0020288 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Ali, M., Cholvin, T., Muller, M., Cosquer, B., Kelche, C. R., Cassel, J., & de Vasconcelos, A. P. (2017) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2017.03.021 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Contrasting roles for β1, β2 and β3-adrenoceptors in memory formation in the chick
Gibbs, M. E., & Summers, R. J. (2005) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.10.036 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Genetic and Structural Analysis of the Basolateral Amygdala Complex in BXD Recombinant Inbred Mice
Mozhui, K., Hamre, K. M., Holmes, A., Lu, L., & Williams, R. W. (2006) · Behavior Genetics · doi:10.1007/s10519-006-9122-3 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Ugolini, A. (2008) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/neuro.08.002.2008 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Rezaie, M., Nasehi, M., Vaseghi, S., Mohammadi-Mahdiabadi-Hasani, M.-H., Zarrindast, M., & Khalili, M. A. N. (2020) · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00210-020-01916-z · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Han, R.-W., Xu, H., Zhang, R., Wang, P., Chang, M., Peng, Y., Deng, K., & Wang, R. (2013) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2013.10.010 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
The Amygdala and Prioritization of Declarative Memories
Manns, J. R., & Bass, D. I. (2016) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721416654456 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
EEG hyperscanning and behavioral synchronization during a joint actions
Balconi, M., & Vanutelli, M. E. (2018) · Neuropsychological Trends · doi:10.7358/neur-2018-024-balc · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Farmer, G. E., & Thompson, L. T. (2012) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.22005 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Brain catalase mediates potentiation of social recognition memory produced by ethanol in mice
Manrique, H. M., Miquel, M., & Aragón, C. M. G. (2005) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.02.007 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Lashgari, R., Khakpour-Taleghani, B., Motamedi, F., & Shahidi, . (2008) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2008.05.012 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Morris, K. A., & Gold, P. E. (2012) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2012.11.010 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Canal, C. E., Chang, Q., & Gold, P. E. (2008) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.904308 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Cycloheximide impairs and enhances memory depending on dose and footshock intensity
Gold, P. E., & Wrenn, S. M. (2012) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.05.010 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Ranjbar, H., Radahmadi, M., Alaei, H., Reisi, P., & Karimi, S. (2016) · TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES · doi:10.3906/sag-1507-7 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Lidocaine attenuates anisomycin-induced amnesia and release of norepinephrine in the amygdala
Sadowski, R. N., Canal, C. E., & Gold, P. E. (2011) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2011.03.007 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Modulation of learning and memory by adrenal and ovarian hormones
Korol, D. L., & Gold, P. E. (2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012372540-0/50008-x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Bessières, B., Jia, M., Travaglia, A., & Alberini, C. M. (2019) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.049866.119 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Lovitz, E. S., & Thompson, L. T. (2015) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2014.12.004 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Gold, P. E. (2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012370509-9.00162-5 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Effects of glucocorticoids on emotion and cognitive processes in animals
Prickaerts, J., & Steckler, T. (2005) · Techniques in the behavioral and neural sciences · doi:10.1016/s0921-0709(05)80021-5 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Palomo, T., Beninger, R. J., Kostrzewa, R. M., & Archer, T. (2004) · Neurotoxicity Research · doi:10.1007/bf03033219 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Kapolowicz, M. R., & Thompson, L. T. (2016) · Hearing Research · doi:10.1016/j.heares.2016.09.010 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Ardeshiri, M. R., Hosseinmardi, N., & Akbari, E. (2017) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.03.004 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Almaguer‐Melian, W., Rosillo, J. C., Frey, J. U., & Bergado, J. A. (2006) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.12.003 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Roth, T., Moriceau, S., & Sullivan, R. (2006) · Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · doi:10.1101/lm.301206 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Anxiolytic and nootropic activity of Vetiveria zizanioides roots in mice
Nirwane, A. M., Pv, G., Shet, J. H., & Patil, S. (2014) · Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine · doi:10.4103/0975-9476.146548 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Tu, Y., Guo, Z., Guo, T., Wu, Y.-C., Yang, X., Sun, L., Yang, X., Zhang, W.-Y., Wang, Y., & Zhang, X. (2015) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.162764 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Valiati, F. E., Vasconcelos, M., Lichtenfels, M., Petry, F. D. S., de Almeida, R. M. M., Schwartsmann, G., Schröder, N., de Farias, C. B., & Roesler, R. (2017) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00415 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Differential effects of modafinil on memory in naïve and memory-impaired rats
Garcia, V. A., de Freitas, B. S., Busato, S. B., Portal, B. C. D., Piazza, F. C., & Schröder, N. (2013) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.07.038 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Order of exposure to pleasant and unpleasant odors affects autonomic nervous system response
Horii, Y., Nagai, K., & Nakashima, T. (2013) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.12.042 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Aroniadou‐Anderjaska, V., Pidoplichko, V. I., Figueiredo, T. H., & Braga, M. F. M. (2018) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.01.021 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Affective memory rehearsal with temporal sequences in amygdala neurons
Reitich-Stolero, T., & Paz, R. (2019) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-019-0542-9 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
M1 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonism Alters Sleep without Affecting Memory Consolidation
Nissen, C., Power, A. E., Nofzinger, E. A., Feige, B., Voderholzer, U., KLOEPFER, C., Waldheim, B., Radosa, M.-P., Berger, T., & Riemann, D. W. (2006) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2006.18.11.1799 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- McINTYRE, C. K., POWER, A. E., ROOZENDAAL, B., & McGAUGH, J. L.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Corresponding author
- McINTYRE, CHRISTA K.
- Venue
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-04
- Volume
- 985
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 273-293
- ISSN
- 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
- 1749-6632
- OpenAlex
- W2092545125
- Cited by
- 147
- References
- 99
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 1.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH12526, F32MH012646, MH 12646)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- basolateral amygdala, memory consolidation, emotional arousal, epinephrine, glucocorticoids, noradrenergic system, stress hormones, traumatic memory, post-traumatic stress disorder, emotional memory
- MeSH terms
- Amygdala, Animals, Avoidance Learning, Humans, Memory, Models, Neurological, Norepinephrine, Neurotransmitter Agents
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review