Evidence for Cardiomyocyte Renewal in Humans
Open accessAbstract
It has been difficult to establish whether we are limited to the heart muscle cells we are born with or if cardiomyocytes are generated also later in life. We have taken advantage of the integration of carbon-14, generated by nuclear bomb tests during the Cold War, into DNA to establish the age of cardiomyocytes in humans. We report that cardiomyocytes renew, with a gradual decrease from 1% turning over annually at the age of 25 to 0.45% at the age of 75. Fewer than 50% of cardiomyocytes are exchanged during a normal life span. The capacity to generate cardiomyocytes in the adult human heart suggests that it may be rational to work toward the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at stimulating this process in cardiac pathologies.
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Between 0.45 and 1% of human cardiomyocytes renew per annum.
“Bergmann et al. estimated that between 0.45 and 1% of human cardiomyocytes renew per annum.”
From The Hippo signal transduction network for exercise physiologists (2016) · cites this paper as [14]
The paper’s Abstract reports approximately 1% annual renewal at age 20, supporting the claim’s upper figure. It reports 0.3% at age 75, however, so 0.45% is not the lower bound of the age-dependent rates it estimates. (LLM, conf=0.89)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredBy age 50, 40% of human cardiomyocytes had emerged after birth.
“Furthermore, they showed that by the age of 50, 40% of the cardiomyocytes had emerged after birth (14).”
From The Hippo signal transduction network for exercise physiologists (2016) · cites this paper as [14]
During aging the cell turnover rate declines for several highly-mitotic tissues.
“During aging the cell turnover rate declines for several highly-mitotic tissues.”
From Programmed cell death in aging (2015) · cites this paper as Bergmann et al., 2009
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- Authors
- Bergmann, O., Bhardwaj, R. D., Bernard, S., Zdunek, S., Barnabé-Heider, F., Walsh, S., Zupicich, J., Alkass, K., Buchholz, B. A., Druid, H., Jovinge, S., & Frisén, J.
- Affiliations
- Lyon 1 Université (FR)
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
- Corresponding author
- Bergmann, Olaf
- Bhardwaj, Ratan D.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2009-04-03
- Volume
- 324
- Issue
- 5923
- Pages
- 98-102
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC2991140
- OpenAlex
- W2101986300
- Cited by
- 3,130
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 85 · 2025: 128 · 2024: 150 · 2023: 145 · 2022: 193 · 2021: 204 · 2020: 178 · 2019: 184 · 2018: 185 · 2017: 224 · 2016: 209 · 2015: 222 · 2014: 232 · 2013: 207 · 2012: 211
- FWCI
- 77.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P41GM103483)
- National Center for Research Resources (RR13461, P41RR013461)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Congenital heart defects research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Mesenchymal stem cell research
- Keywords
- cardiomyocyte renewal, cardiomyocyte turnover, cellular aging, bomb carbon-14, human heart, cardiac regeneration, cardiac pathology
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aging, Carbon Radioisotopes, Cell Count, Cell Nucleus, Cell Separation, DNA, Humans, Middle Aged, Models, Cardiovascular, Polyploidy, Stem Cells, Echocardiography, Doppler, Color, Troponin I, Troponin T, Myocytes, Cardiac, Cell Nucleus Division, Cell Proliferation, Nuclear Weapons, Radiometric Dating
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