Regulation of Homologous Recombination in Eukaryotes
Open accessAbstract
Homologous recombination (HR) is required for accurate chromosome segregation during the first meiotic division and constitutes a key repair and tolerance pathway for complex DNA damage, including DNA double-strand breaks, interstrand crosslinks, and DNA gaps. In addition, recombination and replication are inextricably linked, as recombination recovers stalled and broken replication forks, enabling the evolution of larger genomes/replicons. Defects in recombination lead to genomic instability and elevated cancer predisposition, demonstrating a clear cellular need for recombination. However, recombination can also lead to genome rearrangements. Unrestrained recombination causes undesired endpoints (translocation, deletion, inversion) and the accumulation of toxic recombination intermediates. Evidently, HR must be carefully regulated to match specific cellular needs. Here, we review the factors and mechanistic stages of recombination that are subject to regulation and suggest that recombination achieves flexibility and robustness by proceeding through metastable, reversible intermediates.
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Cell cycle phase dominates the choice between NHEJ and HDR, with HDR taking place mainly in S and G2 phases due to the availability of sister chromatids as templates.
“Cell cycle phase dominates the choice between NHEJ and HDR, with HDR taking place mainly in S and G2 phases due to the availability of sister chromatids as templates.61”
From CRISPR-Cas9: a new and promising player in gene therapy (2015) · cites this paper as [61]
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- Authors
- Heyer, W.-D., Ehmsen, K. T., & Liu, J.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Genetics
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2010-12-01
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 113-139
- ISSN
- 0066-4197 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-2948
- PMC
- PMC4114321
- OpenAlex
- W2109879947
- Cited by
- 1,066
- References
- 177
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 64 · 2022: 70 · 2021: 91 · 2020: 86 · 2019: 75 · 2018: 79 · 2017: 86 · 2016: 83 · 2015: 71 · 2014: 67 · 2013: 67 · 2012: 62
- FWCI
- 4.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Annual Review of Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (CA92776, R01CA092276, R03CA092776)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM58015, R01GM058015)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Keywords
- homologous recombination, recombination regulation, DNA double-strand breaks, meiotic chromosome segregation, DNA repair, DNA damage tolerance, replication fork recovery, genomic instability, cancer susceptibility, genome rearrangement, translocation, recombination intermediates, metastable intermediates, eukaryotic cells
- MeSH terms
- Animals, DNA Repair, Humans, Recombination, Genetic, Yeasts
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