Cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: common mechanisms and measurement

Barch, Deanna M.; Sheffield, Julia M.

doi:10.1002/wps.20145

Cited by 155Schizophrenia research and treatmentNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesMental Health and Psychiatry

Cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: common mechanisms and measurement

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Barch, Deanna M., Sheffield, Julia M.·2014·World Psychiatry

DOI 10.1002/wps.20145PMC PMC4219054

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Abstract

Decades of research have provided robust evidence of cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders. Individuals with schizophrenia appear to be impaired on the majority of neuropsychological tasks, leading some researchers to argue for a "generalized deficit", in which the multitude of cognitive impairments are the result of a common neurobiological source. One such common mechanism may be an inability to actively represent goal information in working memory as a means to guide behavior, with the associated neurobiological impairment being a disturbance in the function of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Here, we provide a discussion of the evidence for such impairment in schizophrenia, and how it manifests in domains typically referred to as cognitive control, working memory and episodic memory. We also briefly discuss cognitive impairment in affective psychoses, reporting that the degree of impairment is worse in schizophrenia than in bipolar disorder and psychotic major depression, but the profile of impairment is similar, possibly reflecting common mechanisms at the neural level. Given the recent release of the DSM-5, we end with a brief discussion on assessing cognition in the context of diagnosis and treatment planning in psychotic disorders.

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Both side effects of medication and cognitive impairments in attention and memory affected participants' ability to concentrate and remember details of the scenarios.
“Both the side effects of medication and cognitive impairments in attention and memory (evident in patients with psychosis [32, 33]), also affected the ability to concentrate and remember details of the scenarios.”
From A qualitative study of the acceptability of cognitive bias modification for paranoia (CBM-pa) in patients with psychosis (2019) · cites this paper as [33]

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Authors: Barch, D. M., & Sheffield, J. M.
Affiliations: Washington University in St. Louis (US)
ORCID: Barch, Deanna M.
Sheffield, Julia M.
Venue: World Psychiatry
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2014-10
Volume: 13
Issue: 3
Pages: 224-232
ISSN: 1723-8617 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1002/wps.20145
PMC: PMC4219054
OpenAlex: W2170812820
Cited by: 154
References: 151
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 12
FWCI: 9.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm, 335 d)
Locations: World Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH084840)
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM081739)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
Keywords: cognitive impairment, psychosis, schizophrenia, working memory, cognitive control, episodic memory, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, affective psychosis, bipolar disorder, psychotic depression, DSM-5, neuropsychological assessment, treatment planning

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Cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: common mechanisms and measurement

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