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Effects of experimental weight perturbation on skeletal muscle work efficiency in human subjects
Abstract
Maintenance of reduced or elevated body weight results in respective decreases or increases in energy expended in physical activity, defined as 24-h energy expenditure excluding resting energy expenditure and the thermic effect of feeding, beyond those attributable to weight change. We examined skeletal muscle work efficiency by graded cycle ergometry and, in some subjects, rates of gastrocnemius muscle ATP flux during exercise by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), in 30 subjects (15 males, 15 females) at initial weight and 10% below initial weight and in 8 subjects (7 males, 1 female) at initial weight and 10% above initial weight to determine whether changes in skeletal muscle work efficiency at altered body weight were correlated with changes in the energy expended in physical activity. At reduced weight, muscle work efficiency was increased in both cycle ergometry [mean (SD) change = +26.5 (26.7)%, P < 0.001] and MRS [ATP flux change = -15.2 (23.2)%, P = 0.044] studies. Weight gain resulted in decreased muscle work efficiency by ergometry [mean (SD) change = -17.8 (20.5)%, P = 0.043]. Changes in muscle efficiency at altered body weight accounted for 35% of the change in daily energy expended in physical activity.
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“reductions in skeletal muscle mass and increased work efficiency are reported to contribute directly to this phenomenon [12].”
From Antibody blockade of activin type II receptors preserves skeletal muscle mass and enhances fat loss during GLP-1 receptor agonism (2024) · cites this paper as [12]
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Yan, S., Kumari, M., Xiao, H., Jacobs, C. L., Kochumon, S., Jedrychowski, M. P., Chouchani, E. T., Ahmad, R., & Rosen, E. D. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci144888 · Cited by 92
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“We have shown that people who are sitting expend 75 to 100 calories an hour; however, if people walk at just 1 MPH, they use an additional 100 - 150 calories an hour.(9) 10 11 12 Walking while working has the potential to significantly increase calorie expenditure and facilitate weight loss.”
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“(34) found that the increases in efficiency were paralleled by increases in the capacity for oxidative phosphorylation determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.”
BackgroundResultAdipose tissue lipolysis and energy metabolism in early cancer cachexia in mice
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Recent Advances in Preventive Cardiology and Lifestyle Medicine
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“Some evidence suggests that substantial weight loss may also generate additional decreases in REE and TDEE beyond that expected based on changes in body weight and/ or composition alone (1-6).”
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“Contributing further to our understanding of these expenditure adjustments are the results of a recent investigation in which the primary source of these energy savings in dieters has been identified as an enhanced efficiency of skeletal work efficiency (Rosenbaum et al., 2003).”
ResultPrevention of Overweight/Obesity as a Strategy to Optimize Cardiovascular Health
Cornier, M., Marshall, J. A., Hill, J. O., Maahs, D. M., & Eckel, R. H. (2011) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.110.968461 · Cited by 74
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“For instance, a 26·5 % increase in muscular efficiency during a graded cycle ergometer protocol was observed after 10 % weight loss((37)).”
BackgroundCharacterization of weight loss and weight regain mechanisms after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in rats
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“This response is aimed at conserving energy through an increase in food efficiency (68).”
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Rosenbaum, M., Vandenborne, K., Goldsmith, R., Simoneau, J.-A., Heymsfield, S., Joanisse, D. R., Hirsch, J., Murphy, E., Matthews, D., Segal, K. R., & Leibel, R. L.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2003-07
- Volume
- 285
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- R183-R192
- ISSN
- 0363-6119 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1490
- OpenAlex
- W2169216660
- Cited by
- 255
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 19.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (2m01rr000102-41, 5r01dk030583-18)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK37948, DK-30583, R01DK037948, DK 26687, P30DK026687)
- National Center for Research Resources (RR00102, RR 00645, M01RR000645)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Keywords
- weight change, weight loss, weight gain, energy expenditure, physical activity energy expenditure, gastrocnemius, physical activity, cycle ergometry, magnetic resonance spectroscopy
- MeSH terms
- Body Composition, Energy Metabolism, Exercise Test, Female, Humans, Male, Muscle Contraction, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Obesity, Reproducibility of Results, Weight Gain, Weight Loss, Exercise, Muscle, Skeletal
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