Mycoprotein ingestion stimulates protein synthesis rates to a greater extent than milk protein in rested and exercised skeletal muscle of healthy young men: a randomized controlled trial

Monteyne, Alistair J; Coelho, Mariana OC; Porter, Craig; Abdelrahman, Doaa R; Jameson, Thomas SO; Jackman, Sarah R; Blackwell, Jamie R; Finnigan, Tim JA; Stephens, Francis B; Dirks, Marlou L; Wall, Benjamin T

doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqaa092

Cited by 110Muscle metabolism and nutritionMuscle Physiology and DisordersProteins in Food Systems

Mycoprotein ingestion stimulates protein synthesis rates to a greater extent than milk protein in rested and exercised skeletal muscle of healthy young men: a randomized controlled trial

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Monteyne, Alistair J, Coelho, Mariana OC, Porter, Craig, Abdelrahman, Doaa R, Jameson, Thomas SO, Jackman, Sarah R, Blackwell, Jamie R, Finnigan, Tim JA +3 more·2020·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

DOI 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa092

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Abstract

Background Mycoprotein is a fungal-derived sustainable protein-rich food source, and its ingestion results in systemic amino acid and leucine concentrations similar to that following milk protein ingestion.Objective We assessed the mixed skeletal muscle protein synthetic response to the ingestion of a single bolus of mycoprotein compared with a leucine-matched bolus of milk protein, in rested and exercised muscle of resistance-trained young men.Methods Twenty resistance-trained healthy young males (age: 22 ± 1 y, body mass: 82 ± 2 kg, BMI: 25 ± 1 kg·m-2) took part in a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study. Participants received primed, continuous infusions of L-[ring-2H5]phenylalanine and ingested either 31 g (26.2 g protein: 2.5 g leucine) milk protein (MILK) or 70 g (31.5 g protein: 2.5 g leucine) mycoprotein (MYCO) following a bout of unilateral resistance-type exercise (contralateral leg acting as resting control). Blood and m. vastus lateralis muscle samples were collected before exercise and protein ingestion, and following a 4-h postprandial period to assess mixed muscle fractional protein synthetic rates (FSRs) and myocellular signaling in response to the protein beverages in resting and exercised muscle.Results Mixed muscle FSRs increased following MILK ingestion (from 0.036 ± 0.008 to 0.052 ± 0.006%·h-1 in rested, and 0.035 ± 0.008 to 0.056 ± 0.005%·h-1 in exercised muscle; P <0.01) but to a greater extent following MYCO ingestion (from 0.025 ± 0.006 to 0.057 ± 0.004%·h-1 in rested, and 0.024 ± 0.007 to 0.072 ± 0.005%·h-1 in exercised muscle; P <0.0001) (treatment × time interaction effect; P <0.05). Postprandial FSRs trended to be greater in MYCO compared with MILK (0.065 ± 0.004 compared with 0.054 ± 0.004%·h-1, respectively; P = 0.093) and the postprandial rise in FSRs was greater in MYCO compared with MILK (Delta 0.040 ± 0.006 compared with Delta 0.018 ± 0.005%·h-1, respectively; P <0.01).Conclusions The ingestion of a single bolus of mycoprotein stimulates resting and postexercise muscle protein synthesis rates, and to a greater extent than a leucine-matched bolus of milk protein, in resistance-trained young men. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as 660065600.

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Bolus ingestion of mycoprotein, a fungal-derived protein-rich food source, resulted in greater stimulation of MPS compared with a leucine-matched bolus of milk protein.
“We have recently demonstrated that bolus ingestion of mycoprotein, a fungal-derived protein-rich food source, resulted in greater stimulation of MPS compared with a leucine-matched bolus of milk protein [91].”
From Nutritional Considerations for the Vegan Athlete (2023) · cites this paper as [91]

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Zabielski, P., Ford, G. C., Persson, X.-M. T., Jaleel, A., Dewey, J. D., & Nair, K. S. (2013) · Journal of Mass Spectrometry · doi:10.1002/jms.3120 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Determination of human muscle protein fractional synthesis rate: an evaluation of different mass spectrometry techniques and considerations for tracer choice
Bornø, A., Hulston, C. J., & van Hall, G. (2014) · Journal of Mass Spectrometry · doi:10.1002/jms.3387 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
A single day of bed rest, irrespective of energy balance, does not affect skeletal muscle gene expression or insulin sensitivity
Dirks, M. L., Stephens, F. B., Jackman, S. R., Gordo, J. G., Machin, D. J., Pulsford, R. M., van Loon, L. J. C., & Wall, B. T. (2018) · Experimental Physiology · doi:10.1113/ep086961 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Minimal dose of milk protein concentrate to enhance the anabolic signalling response to a single bout of resistance exercise; a randomised controlled trial
Mitchell, C. J., Zeng, N., D’Souza, R. F., Mitchell, S. M., Aasen, K. M. M., Fanning, A. C., Poppitt, S. D., & Cameron‐Smith, D. (2017) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-017-0175-x · Cited by 16 · see citing works
On the appropriateness of antibody selection to estimate mTORC1 activity
Figueiredo, V. C., Dungan, C. M., Peterson, C. A., & McCarthy, J. J. (2019) · Acta Physiologica · doi:10.1111/apha.13354 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

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Strategies to Prevent Sarcopenia in the Aging Process: Role of Protein Intake and Exercise
Rogeri, P. S., Zanella, R., Martins, G. L., Garcia, M. D. A., Leite, G., Lugaresi, R., Gasparini, S. O., Sperandio, G. A., Ferreira, L. H. B., Souza-Junior, T. P., et al. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14010052 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
A review on mycoprotein: History, nutritional composition, production methods, and health benefits
Ahmad, M. I., Farooq, S., Alhamoud, Y., Li, C., & Zhang, H. (2022) · Trends in Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2022.01.027 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
The anabolic response to plant-based protein ingestion
Pinckaers, P. J. M., Trommelen, J., Snijders, T., & van Loon, L. J. C. (2021) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-021-01540-8 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Fungi for future foods
Barzee, T., Cao, L., Pan, Z., & Zhang, R.-H. (2021) · Journal of Future Foods · doi:10.1016/j.jfutfo.2021.09.002 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Fungal Protein – What Is It and What Is the Health Evidence? A Systematic Review Focusing on Mycoprotein
Derbyshire, E., & Delange, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems · doi:10.3389/fsufs.2021.581682 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Comparing nutritional and digestibility aspects of sustainable proteins using the INFOGEST digestion protocol
Ariëns, R. M. C., Bastiaan‐Net, S., van den Berg-Somhorst, D. B. P. M., Bachrioui, K. E., Boudewijn, A., van den Dool, R. T. M., de Jong, G. A. H., Wichers, H. J., & Mes, J. J. (2021) · Journal of Functional Foods · doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104748 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
The rise of processed meat alternatives: A narrative review of the manufacturing, composition, nutritional profile and health effects of newer sources of protein, and their place in healthier diets
Gastaldello, A., Giampieri, F., Giuseppe, R. D., Grosso, G., Baroni, L., & Battino, M. A. (2022) · Trends in Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2022.07.005 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
A sustainable waste-to-protein system to maximise waste resource utilisation for developing food- and feed-grade protein solutions
Piercy, E., Verstraete, W., Ellis, P. R., Banks, M., Rockström, J., Smith, P., Witard, O. C., Hallett, J. P., Högstrand, C., Knott, G., et al. (2022) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/d2gc03095k · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Alternative protein sources of plant, algal, fungal and insect origins for dietary diversification in search of nutrition and health
Moura, M. A. F. E., Martins, B. D. A., Oliveira, G. P. D., & Takahashi, J. A. (2023) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2022.2085657 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Ten decadal advances in fungal biology leading towards human well-being
Mapook, A., Hyde, K. D., Hassan, K., Kemkuignou, B. M., Čmoková, A., Surup, F., Kuhnert, E., Paomephan, P., Cheng, T., de Hoog, S., et al. (2022) · Fungal Diversity · doi:10.1007/s13225-022-00510-3 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
The muscle protein synthetic response to the ingestion of a plant-derived protein blend does not differ from an equivalent amount of milk protein in healthy, young males
Pinckaers, P. J., Kouw, I. W., Gorissen, S. H., Houben, L. H., Senden, J. M., Wodzig, W. K., de Groot, L. C., Verdijk, L. B., Snijders, T., & van Loon, L. J. (2022) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxac222 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Vegan and omnivorous high protein diets support comparable daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates and skeletal muscle hypertrophy in young adults
Monteyne, A. J., Coelho, M. O. C., Murton, A. J., Abdelrahman, D. R., Blackwell, J. R., Koscien, C. P., Knapp, K. M., Fulford, J., Finnigan, T. J. A., Dirks, M. L., et al. (2023) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.02.023 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Nutritional Values and Bio-Functional Properties of Fungal Proteins: Applications in Foods as a Sustainable Source
Li, K., Qiao, K., Xiong, J., Guo, H. J., & Zhang, Y. (2023) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods12244388 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Plant-based food patterns to stimulate muscle protein synthesis and support muscle mass in humans: a narrative review
Nichele, S., Phillips, S. M., & Boaventura, B. C. B. (2022) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2021-0806 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Mycelium: A Nutrient-Dense Food To Help Address World Hunger, Promote Health, and Support a Regenerative Food System
Holt, R. R., Munafo, J. P., Salmen, J., Keen, C. L., Mistry, B. S., Whiteley, J. M., & Schmitz, H. H. (2023) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03307 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
A mycoprotein-based high-protein vegan diet supports equivalent daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates compared with an isonitrogenous omnivorous diet in older adults: a randomised controlled trial
Monteyne, A. J., Dunlop, M. V., Machin, D. J., Coelho, M. D. F. R., Pavis, G. F., Porter, C. C., Murton, A. J., Abdelrahman, D. R., Dirks, M. L., Stephens, F. B., et al. (2020) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114520004481 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Comparison of the behavior of fungal and plant cell wall during gastrointestinal digestion and resulting health effects: A review
Colosimo, R., Warren, F. J., Edwards, C. H., Ryden, P., Dyer, P. S., Finnigan, T. J. A., & Wilde, P. J. (2021) · Trends in Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.001 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Protein and Sport: Alternative Sources and Strategies for Bioactive and Sustainable Sports Nutrition
López-Martínez, M. I., Miguel, M., & Garcés‐Rimón, M. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.926043 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Comparative efficacy of amino acid availability and peptidomic analysis of alternative proteins from different sources under dynamic in vitro protein digestion
Zhou, Z., Luo, S., Jin, Y., Wu, X., Liu, X., & Chen, J. S. (2024) · Food Hydrocolloids · doi:10.1016/j.foodhyd.2024.110665 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Protein Source and Quality for Skeletal Muscle Anabolism in Young and Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Morgan, P. T., Harris, D. O., Marshall, R. N., Quinlan, J. I., Edwards, S. J., Allen, S., & Breen, L. (2021) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxab055 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Separating the Wheat from the Chaff: Nutritional Value of Plant Proteins and Their Potential Contribution to Human Health
Davies, R. W., & Jakeman, P. M. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12082410 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Filamentous fungi for sustainable vegan food production systems within a circular economy: Present status and future prospects
Awasthi, M. K., Kumar, V., Hellwig, C., Wikandari, R., Harirchi, S., Şar, T., Wainaina, S., Sindhu, R., Binod, P., Zhang, Z., et al. (2022) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112318 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Substituting meat for mycoprotein reduces genotoxicity and increases the abundance of beneficial microbes in the gut: Mycomeat, a randomised crossover control trial
Farsi, D. N., Lara, J., Koutsidis, G., Nelson, A., Finnigan, T. J. A., Cheung, W., Muñoz-Muñoz, J., & Commane, D. M. (2023) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-023-03088-x · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Mycoprotein as a meat substitute: production, functional properties, and current challenges‐a review
Khan, R., Brishti, F. H., Arulrajah, B., Goh, Y. M., Rahim, M. H. A., Karim, R., Azhari, S. H., Kit, S. K., Anwar, F., & Saari, N. (2023) · International Journal of Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1111/ijfs.16791 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Understanding Dietary Protein Quality: Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Scores and Beyond
Matthews, J. J., Arentson-Lantz, E., Moughan, P. J., Wolfe, R. R., Ferrando, A., & Church, D. D. (2025) · Journal of NutriLife · doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.07.005 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Mycoprotein: A Healthy and Sustainable Source of Alternative Protein-Based Foods
Finnigan, T. J. A., Theobald, H. E., & Bajka, B. H. (2024) · Annual Review of Food Science and Technology · doi:10.1146/annurev-food-111523-121802 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Alternative dietary protein sources to support healthy and active skeletal muscle aging
van der Heijden, I., Monteyne, A. J., Stephens, F. B., & Wall, B. T. (2023) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuac049 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citation
Is There Scope for a Novel Mycelium Category of Proteins alongside Animals and Plants?
Derbyshire, E. J. (2020) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods9091151 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Comparative Efficacy of Different Protein Supplements on Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Indices of Sarcopenia among Community-Dwelling, Hospitalized or Institutionalized Older Adults Undergoing Resistance Training: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Liao, C.-D., Huang, S.-W., Chen, H.-C., Huang, M.-H., Liou, T.-H., & Lin, C.-L. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16070941 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Role of mycoprotein as a non-meat protein in food security and sustainability: a review
Saeed, F., Afzaal, M., Khalid, A., Shah, Y. A., Ateeq, H., Islam, F., Akram, N., Ejaz, A., Nayik, G. A., & Shah, M. A. (2023) · International Journal of Food Properties · doi:10.1080/10942912.2023.2178456 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Nutritional Considerations for the Vegan Athlete
West, S., Monteyne, A. J., van der Heijden, I., Stephens, F. B., & Wall, B. T. (2023) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.advnut.2023.04.012 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Association of postprandial postexercise muscle protein synthesis rates with dietary leucine: A systematic review
Wilkinson, K., Koscien, C. P., Monteyne, A. J., Wall, B. T., & Stephens, F. B. (2023) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.15775 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Comprehensive review of the digestibility of novel alternative protein sources: Current status and challenges
Gökşen, G., Karabulut, G., Keklik, M., & Martínez‐Sanz, M. (2025) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.145013 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Mycoprotein ingestion within or without its wholefood matrix results in equivalent stimulation of myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in resting and exercised muscle of young men
West, S., Monteyne, A. J., Whelehan, G., Abdelrahman, D. R., Murton, A. J., Finnigan, T. J. A., Blackwell, J. R., Stephens, F. B., & Wall, B. T. (2022) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114522003087 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Mycoprotein: A Healthy New Protein with a Low Environmental Impact
Finnigan, T. J. A., Mach, K., & Edlin, A. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91652-3.00011-3 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Cell‐cultivated food production and processing: A review
Barzee, T. J., El‐Mashad, H. M., Cao, L., Chio, A., Pan, Z., & Zhang, R. (2022) · Food Bioengineering · doi:10.1002/fbe2.12009 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Branched-chain amino acid fortification does not restore muscle protein synthesis rates following ingestion of lower-compared with higher-dose mycoprotein
Monteyne, A. J., Coelho, M. O., Porter, C., Abdelrahman, D. R., Jameson, T. S., Finnigan, T. J., Stephens, F. B., Dirks, M. L., & Wall, B. T. (2020) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxaa251 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citation
Achieving High Protein Quality Is a Challenge in Vegan Diets: A Narrative Review
Soh, B. X. P., Smith, N. W., von Hurst, P. R., & McNabb, W. C. (2024) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuae176 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Protein Requirements for Master Athletes: Just Older Versions of Their Younger Selves
Moore, D. R. (2021) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-021-01510-0 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Food-Based Dietary Guidelines and Protein Quality Definitions—Time to Move Forward and Encompass Mycoprotein?
Derbyshire, E. J. (2022) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods11050647 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Ingestion of mycoprotein, pea protein, and their blend support comparable postexercise myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in resistance-trained individuals
West, S., Monteyne, A. J., Whelehan, G., van der Heijden, I., Abdelrahman, D. R., Murton, A. J., Finnigan, T. J. A., Stephens, F. B., & Wall, B. T. (2023) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00166.2023 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Influence of mycelial integrity damaged by ultrasonic treatment on product textural properties and in vitro digestibility
Chen, C., Song, Z., Muhedaner, M., Tao, Y., Zhou, G., & Ye, K. (2024) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141536 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Plant Protein Blend Ingestion Stimulates Postexercise Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis Rates Equivalently to Whey in Resistance-Trained Adults
van der Heijden, I., Monteyne, A. J., West, S., Morton, J. P., Langan‐Evans, C., Hearris, M. A., Abdelrahman, D. R., Murton, A. J., Stephens, F. B., & Wall, B. T. (2024) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003432 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Dietary protein recommendations to support healthy muscle ageing in the 21st century and beyond: considerations and future directions
Morgan, P. T., Witard, O. C., Højfeldt, G. W., Church, D. D., & Breen, L. (2023) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665123003750 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
How Healthy Are Non-Traditional Dietary Proteins? The Effect of Diverse Protein Foods on Biomarkers of Human Health
Bull, C. F., Belobrajdic, D. P., Hamzelou, S., Jones, D., Leifert, W. R., Reyes, R. P., Terefe, N. S., Williams, G., & Colgrave, M. L. (2022) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods11040528 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Properties and Cultivation of Fusarium spp. to Produce Mycoprotein as an Alternative Protein Source
Cheriaparambil, R., & Großmann, L. (2025) · Sustainable Food Proteins · doi:10.1002/sfp2.70002 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
The fungal alternative: Insights on medicinal mushrooms-based protein-rich biomasses by submerged fermentation of agro-industrial by-products
Ferrero, D., Moscato, E., Spina, F., Cavalluzzi, M. M., Rotondo, N. P., Oddon, S. B., Gargano, M. L., Venturella, G., Lentini, G., Bertea, C. M., et al. (2024) · Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies · doi:10.1016/j.ifset.2024.103721 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Walking or body weight squat “activity snacks” increase dietary amino acid utilization for myofibrillar protein synthesis during prolonged sitting
Moore, D. R., Williamson, E., Hodson, N. W., Estafanos, S., Mazzulla, M., Kumbhare, D. A., & Gillen, J. B. (2022) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00106.2022 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Reconsidering the pre-eminence of dietary leucine and plasma leucinemia for predicting the stimulation of postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates
Monteyne, A. J., West, S., Stephens, F. B., & Wall, B. T. (2024) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.04.032 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Intersecting precision fermentation for global cell-based food production innovation: Challenges and opportunities
Gao, F., Shi, S., Zhao, Y., Yang, D. J., & Liao, X. (2025) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2025.108712 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
High-Moisture Extrusion of a Dietary Protein Blend Impairs In Vitro Digestion and Delays In Vivo Postprandial Plasma Amino Acid Availability in Humans
West, S., Monteyne, A. J., Whelehan, G., Abdelrahman, D. R., Murton, A. J., Finnigan, T. J. A., Mandalari, G., Booth, C., Wilde, P. J., Stephens, F. B., et al. (2024) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.05.018 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Dairy as a Source of Iodine and Protein in the UK: Implications for Human Health Across the Life Course, and Future Policy and Research
Witard, O. C., Bath, S. C., Dineva, M., Sellem, L., Mulet-Cabero, A.-I., van Dongen, L. H., Zheng, J., Valenzuela, C. A., & Smeuninx, B. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.800559 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Algae Ingestion Increases Resting and Exercised Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis Rates to a Similar Extent as Mycoprotein in Young Adults
van der Heijden, I., West, S., Monteyne, A. J., Finnigan, T. J. A., Abdelrahman, D. R., Murton, A. J., Stephens, F. B., & Wall, B. T. (2023) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.08.035 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Protein dose requirements to maximize skeletal muscle protein synthesis after repeated bouts of resistance exercise in young trained women
Mallinson, J. E., Wardle, S. L., O’Leary, T. J., Greeves, J. P., Cegielski, J., Bass, J., Brook, M. S., Wilkinson, D. J., Smith, K., Atherton, P. J., et al. (2023) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.14506 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Dietary protein considerations in a sustainable and ageing world: a narrative review with a focus on greenhouse gas emissions and skeletal muscle remodelling and maintenance
Morgan, P. T., Carson, B. P., & Witard, O. C. (2024) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12891-024-07945-6 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The role of algae, fungi, and insect-derived proteins and bioactive peptides in preventive and clinical nutrition
Yimam, M. A., Andreini, M., Carnevale, S., & Muscaritoli, M. (2024) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1461621 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Replacement of meat by mycoproteins in cooked sausages: Effects on oxidative stability, texture, and color
Shahbazpour, N., Khosravi‐Darani, K., Sharifan, A., & Hosseini, H. (2021) · Italian Journal of Food Science · doi:10.15586/ijfs.v33isp1.2093 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Dampened Muscle mTORC1 Response Following Ingestion of High-Quality Plant-Based Protein and Insect Protein Compared to Whey
D’Hulst, G., Masschelein, E., & Bock, K. D. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13051396 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Pooling scientific information on the nutritional, sensory, and technological properties of mycoprotein to support its role in creating a more sustainable food system
Montebello, R., Derossi, A., Caporizzi, R., Taherzadeh, M. J., Rousta, N., & Severini, C. (2025) · Food Bioscience · doi:10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106882 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The effect of mycoprotein intake on biomarkers of human health: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Shahid, M., Gaines, A., Coyle, D. H., Alessandrini, R., Finnigan, T. J. A., Frost, G. S., Marklund, M., & Neal, B. C. (2023) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.03.019 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Ingestion of a variety of non-animal-derived dietary protein sources results in diverse postprandial plasma amino acid responses which differ between young and older adults
van der Heijden, I., West, S., Monteyne, A. J., Finnigan, T., Abdelrahman, D., Murton, A., Stephens, F., & Wall, B. T. (2024) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114524000163 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Mycoprotein: A futuristic portrayal
Derbyshire, E., & Finnigan, T. (2022) · Future Foods · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91001-9.00037-2 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Fungal-Derived Mycoprotein and Health across the Lifespan: A Narrative Review
Derbyshire, E. J. (2022) · Journal of Fungi · doi:10.3390/jof8070653 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Animal vs Plant-Based Meat: A Hearty Debate
Nagra, M., Tsamkiranis, F., Ward, S., & Ur, E. (2024) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2023.11.005 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Postprandial Aminoacidemia Following the Ingestion of Alternative and Sustainable Proteins in Humans: A Narrative Review
Yimam, M. A., Andreini, M., Carnevale, S., & Muscaritoli, M. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17020211 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Investigative studies on protein quality, absorption pathways, and techno-functional comparison of mycoprotein, insect, and algal proteins for global food security and sustainability
Mundhe, S., Pawase, P. A., Bashir, O., Pathare, A. M., Mudgal, S., Spandana, K., & Ahmad, M. (2025) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2025.117469 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Research Progress on the Function and Application of Proteins of Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms: A Review
Yang, R., Dong, S., Luo, J., Ma, F., Jiang, W., & Han, C. (2022) · International journal of medicinal mushrooms · doi:10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2022045323 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Aspects Affecting Food Choice in Daily Life as Well as Drivers and Barriers to Engagement with Fungi-Based Food—A Qualitative Perspective
Hellwig, C., Bolton, K., Häggblom‐Kronlöf, G., & Rousta, K. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su15010317 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Article RETRACTED due to manipulation by the authors Nutritional Strategies for Rapid Recovery in Sport: A Literature Review
Ihsan, F., Kozina, Z. L., Sukendro, S., Nasrulloh, A., Hidayat, R. A., & Perdana, S. (2024) · Retos · doi:10.47197/retos.v57.105622 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Fungal protein
Filho, P. F. S. (2022) · Advances in food and nutrition research · doi:10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.04.003 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Cutting-Edge Technologies of Meat Analogs: A Review
Lee, S. Y., Lee, D. Y., Mariano, E., Park, J., Han, D., Choi, Y., Kim, J. S., Park, J. W., Namkung, S., Venter, C., et al. (2024) · Food Science of Animal Resources · doi:10.5851/kosfa.2024.e129 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
From Fungal Cell Factories to Mycoproteins: Alternative Protein Production for Human Diets
Cunha, P. M., Antoniel, E. P., Silva, L. O. S., Maia, G. N., Sydney, A. C. N., Sydney, E. B., Mascarin, G. M., Bicas, J. L., Pierucci, A. P. T. R., Estrada, P. D., et al. (2025) · Current Food Science and Technology Reports · doi:10.1007/s43555-025-00066-8 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Postprandial plasma amino acid and appetite responses with ingestion of a novel salmon-derived protein peptide in healthy young adults
Prosser, S., Fava, M., Rogers, L. M., Liaset, B., & Breen, L. (2024) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114524000540 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The Influence of Vegan, Vegetarian, and Omnivorous Diets on Protein Metabolism: A Role for the Gut–Muscle Axis?
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Mycoprotein ingestion within or without its wholefood matrix results in equivalent stimulation of myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in resting and exercised muscle of young men
West, S., Monteyne, A. J., Whelehan, G., Abdelrahman, D. R., Murton, A. J., Finnigan, T. J. A., Blackwell, J. R., Stephens, F. B., & Wall, B. T. (2022) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114522003087 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Mycoprotein and skeletal muscle anabolism
(21933707), A. M. (2021) · Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter)
Branched-chain amino acid fortification does not restore muscle protein synthesis rates following ingestion of lower-compared with higher-dose mycoprotein
Monteyne, A. J., Coelho, M. O., Porter, C., Abdelrahman, D. R., Jameson, T. S., Finnigan, T. J., Stephens, F. B., Dirks, M. L., & Wall, B. T. (2020) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxaa251 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
The Effects of Protein Type and Added Leucine on Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis Following Concurrent Exercise
Churchward‐Venne, T. A., Pinckaers, P. J., Smeets, J. S. J., Peeters, W. M., Rollo, I., & van Loon, L. J. C. (2018) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000538760.88432.2d
Myofibrillar and mitochondrial protein synthesis rates do not differ in young men following the ingestion of carbohydrate with milk protein, whey, or micellar casein after concurrent resistance-and endurance-type exercise
Churchward-Venne, T. A., Pinckaers, P. J., Smeets, J. S., Peeters, W. M., Zorenc, A. H., Schierbeek, H., Rollo, I., Verdijk, L. B., & van Loon, L. J. (2019) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxy244 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

Authors: Monteyne, A. J., Coelho, M. O., Porter, C., Abdelrahman, D. R., Jameson, T. S., Jackman, S. R., Blackwell, J. R., Finnigan, T. J., Stephens, F. B., Dirks, M. L., & Wall, B. T.
Affiliations: University of Exeter (GB)
Shriners Hospitals for Children - Galveston (US)
Quorn (United Kingdom) (GB)
Corresponding author: Wall, Benjamin T
ORCID: Monteyne, Alistair J
Porter, Craig
Abdelrahman, Doaa R
Jackman, Sarah R
Blackwell, Jamie R
Finnigan, Tim JA
Stephens, Francis B
Dirks, Marlou L
Wall, Benjamin T
Venue: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2020-08
Volume: 112
Issue: 2
Pages: 318-333
ISSN: 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa092
OpenAlex: W3026952517
Cited by: 110
References: 69
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 5
FWCI: 6.86
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 912 d)
Locations: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter) (acceptedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion)
Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (submittedVersion)
Funders: Shriners Hospitals for Children (#84090)
University of Exeter
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Proteins in Food Systems
Keywords: mycoprotein, milk protein, skeletal muscle protein synthesis, resistance training, protein intake, leucine, vastus lateralis, resistance-trained men, amino acid infusion, sustainable protein sources, mTOR signaling, MAPK signaling
MeSH terms: Adult, Amino Acids, Double-Blind Method, Fungal Proteins, Humans, Male, Milk Proteins, Muscle Proteins, Exercise, Muscle, Skeletal, Resistance Training, Young Adult

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Mycoprotein ingestion stimulates protein synthesis rates to a greater extent than milk protein in rested and exercised skeletal muscle of healthy young men: a randomized controlled trial

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