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Cited by 119Motor Control and AdaptationVestibular and auditory disordersVisual perception and processing mechanisms

Anatomy and Discharge Properties of Pre-Motor Neurons in the Goldfish Medulla That Have Eye-Position Signals During Fixations

Aksay, E., Baker, R., Seung, H. S., Tank, D. W.·2000·Journal of Neurophysiology
DOI 10.1152/jn.2000.84.2.1035
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Abstract

Previous work in goldfish has suggested that the oculomotor velocity-to-position neural integrator for horizontal eye movements may be confined bilaterally to a distinct group of medullary neurons that show an eye-position signal. To establish this localization, the anatomy and discharge properties of these position neurons were characterized with single-cell Neurobiotin labeling and extracellular recording in awake goldfish while monitoring eye movements with the scleral search-coil method. All labeled somata ( n = 9) were identified within a region of a medially located column of the inferior reticular formation that was ∼350 μm in length, ∼250 μm in depth, and ∼125 μm in width. The dendrites of position neurons arborized over a wide extent of the ventral half of the medulla with especially heavy ramification in the initial 500 μm rostral of cell somata ( n = 9). The axons either followed a well-defined ventral pathway toward the ipsilateral abducens ( n = 4) or crossed the midline ( n = 2) and projected toward the contralateral group of position neurons and the contralateral abducens. A mapping of the somatic region using extracellular single unit recording revealed that position neurons ( n > 120) were the dominant eye-movement-related cell type in this area. Position neurons did not discharge below a threshold value of horizontal fixation position of the ipsilateral eye. Above this threshold, firing rates increased linearly with increasing temporal position [mean position sensitivity = 2.8 (spikes/s)/°, n = 44]. For a given fixation position, average rates of firing were higher after a temporal saccade than a nasal one ( n = 19/19); the magnitude of this hysteresis increased with increasing position sensitivity. Transitions in firing rate accompanying temporal saccades were overshooting ( n = 43/44), beginning, on average, 17.2 ms before saccade onset ( n = 17). Peak firing rate change accompanying temporal saccades was correlated with eye velocity ( n = 36/41). The anatomical findings demonstrate that goldfish medullary position neurons have somata that are isolated from other parts of the oculomotor system, have dendritic fields overlapping with axonal terminations of neurons with velocity signals, and have axons that are capable of relaying commands to the abducens. The physiological findings demonstrate that the signals carried by position neurons could be used by motoneurons to set the fixation position of the eye. These results are consistent with a role for position neurons as elements of the velocity-to-position neural integrator for horizontal eye movements.

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Crossref · 10.1152/jn.2000.84.2.1035

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49 of 49 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Most VPNI cells have firing rates that vary linearly with position for ipsilateral eye positions.

    “most VPNI cells have firing rates that vary linearly with position for ipsilateral eye positions48,49.”

    From Predicting modular functions and neural coding of behavior from a synaptic wiring diagram (2024) · cites this paper as [49]

  • Prior work has identified two major classes of VPNI cells: those with ipsilateral recurrent excitatory projections and those with inhibitory contralateral projections.

    “Prior work has identified two major classes of VPNI cells, those with ipsilateral recurrent excitatory projections and those with inhibitory contralateral projections21,49.”

    From Predicting modular functions and neural coding of behavior from a synaptic wiring diagram (2024) · cites this paper as [49]

  • Those few VPNI neurons with contraversive sensitivity were deemed unlikely to be part of the VPNI based on previous work.

    “The vast majority of putatutive VPNI neurons (98%) also had ipsiversive sensitivity; those few cells with contraversive sensitivity were deemed unlikely to be part of the VPNI based on previous work49,56 and not considered further.”

    From Predicting modular functions and neural coding of behavior from a synaptic wiring diagram (2024) · cites this paper as [49]

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Authors
Aksay, E., Baker, R., Seung, H. S., & Tank, D. W.
Affiliations
  • NYU Langone Health (US)
  • Alcatel-Lucent (France) (FR)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Neurophysiology
Publisher
American Physiological Society
Published
2000-08-01
Volume
84
Issue
2
Pages
1035-1049
ISSN
  • 0022-3077 (ISSN-L)
  • 1522-1598
DOI
10.1152/jn.2000.84.2.1035
OpenAlex
W1815077724
Cited by
119
References
49
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
FWCI
3.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Neurophysiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vestibular and auditory disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Keywords
eye position signals, neural integrator, horizontal eye movements, saccades, medulla, abducens nucleus, oculomotor system, eye velocity, hysteresis, goldfish, single-unit recording, scleral search coil, dendritic branching
MeSH terms
Abducens Nerve, Action Potentials, Animals, Brain Mapping, Darkness, Electrophysiology, Feedback, Fixation, Ocular, Goldfish, Lighting, Mammals, Medulla Oblongata, Motor Neurons, Saccades, Cell Size

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