Role of Catalase in Oxidative Stress- and Age-Associated Degenerative Diseases
Open accessAbstract
Reactive species produced in the cell during normal cellular metabolism can chemically react with cellular biomolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, thereby causing their oxidative modifications leading to alterations in their compositions and potential damage to their cellular activities. Fortunately, cells have evolved several antioxidant defense mechanisms (as metabolites, vitamins, and enzymes) to neutralize or mitigate the harmful effect of reactive species and/or their byproducts. Any perturbation in the balance in the level of antioxidants and the reactive species results in a physiological condition called “oxidative stress.” A catalase is one of the crucial antioxidant enzymes that mitigates oxidative stress to a considerable extent by destroying cellular hydrogen peroxide to produce water and oxygen. Deficiency or malfunction of catalase is postulated to be related to the pathogenesis of many age-associated degenerative diseases like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, anemia, vitiligo, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, bipolar disorder, cancer, and schizophrenia. Therefore, efforts are being undertaken in many laboratories to explore its use as a potential drug for the treatment of such diseases. This paper describes the direct and indirect involvement of deficiency and/or modification of catalase in the pathogenesis of some important diseases such as diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, vitiligo, and acatalasemia. Details on the efforts exploring the potential treatment of these diseases using a catalase as a protein therapeutic agent have also been described.
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SOD when present in the reaction mixture diminished DNA cleavage.
“SOD is another agent which, when present in the reaction mixture, diminished DNA cleavage (Nandi et al. 2019).”
From Reactive Oxygen Species, Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Chronic Diseases and Aging (2023) · cites this paper as Nandi et al. 2019
Catalase breaks down two molecules of hydrogen peroxide into two water molecules and one molecule of oxygen.
“Catalase breaks down two molecules of hydrogen peroxide into two water molecules and one molecule of oxygen (Nandi et al. 2019)13”
From Reactive Oxygen Species, Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Chronic Diseases and Aging (2023) · cites this paper as Nandi et al. 2019
The catalase reaction proceeds in two steps: reduction of the first H2O2 molecule forms oxyferryl species (FeIVO), and the second H2O2 molecule reduces FeIVO to O2, H2O, and free enzyme.
“The reaction proceeds in two steps; the first step involves the reduction of the first molecule of H2O2 accompanied by the formation of oxyferryl species (FeIVO) and in the course of the second step, the FeIVO complex is reduced by the second molecule of H2O2 to O2, and H2O molecules and free enzyme (Lardinois 1995; Nandi et al. 2019)14and15”
From Reactive Oxygen Species, Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Chronic Diseases and Aging (2023) · cites this paper as Nandi et al. 2019
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- Authors
- Nandi, A., Yan, L.-J., Jana, C. K., & Das, N.
- Affiliations
- Visva-Bharati University (IN)
- University of North Texas Health Science Center (US)
- Department of Chemistry, Purash-Kanpur Haridas Nandi Mahavidyalaya, P.O. Kanpur, Howrah, West Bengal 711410, India
- Corresponding author
- Das, Nilanjana
- Venue
- Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-11-11
- Volume
- 2019
- Pages
- 1-19
- ISSN
- 1942-0994 (ISSN-L)
- 1942-0900
- PMC
- PMC6885225
- OpenAlex
- W2983514836
- Cited by
- 1,185
- References
- 162
- Citations by year
- 2026: 154 · 2025: 215 · 2024: 271 · 2023: 224 · 2022: 158 · 2021: 121 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 1 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 7.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University Grants Commission (38(1343)/12/EMR-II)
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India (38(1343)/12/EMR-II)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cancer and biochemical research
- Keywords
- catalase, oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes, hydrogen peroxide, reactive oxygen species, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, vitiligo, acatalasemia, therapeutic proteins, pathogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Alzheimer Disease, Catalase, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Parkinson Disease, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress
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