Review: Alzheimer's Amyloid β-Peptide-Associated Free Radical Oxidative Stress and Neurotoxicity
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, the major dementing disorder of the elderly that affects over 4 million Americans, is related to amyloid beta-peptide, the principal component of senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease brain. Oxidative stress, manifested by protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation, among other alterations, is a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease brain. Our laboratory united these two observations in a model to account for neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease brain, the amyloid beta-peptide-associated oxidative stress model for neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease. Under this model, the aggregated peptide, perhaps in concert with bound redox metal ions, initiates free radical processes resulting in protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species formation, cellular dysfunction leading to calcium ion accumulation, and subsequent neuronal death. Free radical antioxidants abrogate these findings. This review outlines the substantial evidence from multiidisciplinary approaches for amyloid beta-peptide-associated free radical oxidative stress and neurotoxicity and protection against these oxidative processes and cell death by free radical scavengers. In addition, we review the strong evidence supporting the notion that the single methionine residue of amyloid beta-peptide is vital to the oxidative stress and neurotoxicological properties of this peptide. Further, we discuss studies that support the hypothesis that aggregated soluble amyloid beta-peptide and not fibrils per se are necessary for oxidative stress and neurotoxicity associated with amyloid beta-peptide.
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Perineuronal net loss in AD may contribute to increased susceptibility to oxidative stress.
“and increased susceptibility to oxidative stress (Deibel et al., 1996; Varadarajan et al., 2000; Manczak et al., 2006; De Felice et al., 2007).”
From The Perineuronal ‘Safety’ Net? Perineuronal Net Abnormalities in Neurological Disorders (2018) · cites this paper as Varadarajan et al., 2000
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Self-citationZhou, Y., Gopalakrishnan, V., & Richardson, J. S. (1996) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67041419.x · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Oxidative Modification of Glutamine Synthetase by Amyloid Beta Peptide
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Self-citationKoppal, T., Subramaniam, R., Drake, J., Prasad, M. R., Dhillon, H. S., & Butterfield, D. A. (1998) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01466-2 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Self-citationTsai, A., Palmer, G., Xiao, G., Swinney, D. C., & Kulmacz, R. J. (1998) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.273.7.3888 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Howard, B. J., Yatin, S. M., Hensley, K., Allen, K. L., Kelly, J. P., Carney, J. M., & Butterfield, D. A. (1996) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67052045.x · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citationChapter 26 Reduced neuronal activity and reactivation in Alzheimer's disease
Swaab, D. F., Lucassen, P. J., Salehi, A., Scherder, E., Someren, E. J. W. V., & Verwer, R. W. H. (1998) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)64027-3 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Glutathione transferase protects neuronal cultures against four hydroxynonenal toxicity
Xie, C., Lovell, M. A., & Markesbery, W. R. (1998) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0891-5849(98)00186-5 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Varadarajan, S., Yatin, S., Aksenova, M., & Butterfield, D. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Kentucky (US)
- Corresponding author
- Butterfield, D.Allan
- Venue
- Journal of Structural Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-06
- Volume
- 130
- Issue
- 2-3
- Pages
- 184-208
- ISSN
- 1047-8477 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2008649582
- Cited by
- 735
- References
- 254
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 5.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Structural Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (P01AG010836, P01AG005119, AG 12435, AG 10836, AG0 5119, P01AG012435)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, amyloid-beta, oxidative stress, free radicals, neurotoxicity, protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species, calcium accumulation, neuronal cell death, methionine residues, amyloid plaques
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Free Radicals, Humans, Neurons, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Oxidative Stress
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