Cerebrospinal fluid levels of acetylcholinesterase, monoamines and oxytocin during labour, parturition, vaginocervical stimulation, lamb separation and suckling in sheep
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and concentrations of monoamines, monoamine metabolites and oxytocin (OT) were measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of sheep during late pregnancy, labour, parturition, vaginocervical stimulation, lamb separation and suckling. Concentrations of AChE, 4-hydroxy-3 methoxyphenylethan-1,2-diol (MHPG) and OT were significantly elevated during labour and parturition. OT levels were also significantly raised in cycling ewes given vaginocervical stimulation. Separation of the ewes from their lambs (0.5-2 h) caused significant increases in AChE and MHPG, but not in OT. During suckling, following reunion of the ewes and lambs, concentrations of AChE and OT were significantly raised. The dopamine metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid were significantly lower in CSF during late pregnancy than during parturition and post-partum. Intravenous injections of OT which produced high circulating levels of this hormone in plasma produced significant, but very small, increases in concentrations of OT in the CSF. Our results show that in the sheep, labour, parturition, suckling and vaginocervical stimulation provoke a release of OT in the brain similar to that in the peripheral circulation. Changes in CSF levels of AChE and MHPG during labour, parturition and lamb separation, but not during vaginocervical stimulation, may be related to stress or hypertension.
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Central injection of low doses of OT enhanced the amount of time a male remembers a conspecific.
“central injection of low doses of OT enhanced the amount of time a male remembers a conspecific [69, 70].”
From Oxytocin and the Neural Mechanisms Regulating Social Cognition and Affiliative Behavior (2009) · cites this paper as [69]
Lactation is connected to peripheral and central oxytocin release in mammals.
“and is well known to be connected to peripheral and central oxytocin release in mammals [34,74].”
From Food sharing is linked to urinary oxytocin levels and bonding in related and unrelated wild chimpanzees (2014) · cites this paper as [74]
Mating-induced effects, specifically vaginocervical stimulation in rodents and sheep, and orgasm in men and women, increase plasma oxytocin levels, whilst vaginocervical stimulation in prairie voles increases oxytocin levels in the brain.
“Mating-induced effects, specifically vaginocervical stimulation in rodents (Sansone et al., 2002) and sheep (Kendrick et al., 1986), and orgasm in men and women (Ogawa et al., 1980; Carmichael et al., 1987) increase plasma oxytocin levels, whilst vaginocervical stimulation in prairie voles increases oxytocin levels in the brain (Ross et al., 2009a,b).”
From Endogenous peripheral oxytocin measures can give insight into the dynamics of social relationships: a review (2014) · cites this paper as Kendrick et al., 1986
In ewes, central administration of oxytocin induces maternal behavior.
“For example, in ewes, central administration of oxytocin induces maternal behavior (Kendrick et al., 1986)”
From Endogenous peripheral oxytocin measures can give insight into the dynamics of social relationships: a review (2014) · cites this paper as Kendrick et al., 1986
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- Authors
- Kendrick, K. M., Keverne, E. B., Baldwin, B. A., & Sharman, D. F.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- ORCID
- Kendrick, Keith M.
- Venue
- Neuroendocrinology
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2008-04-01
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 149-156
- ISSN
- 0028-3835 (ISSN-L)
- 1423-0194
- OpenAlex
- W2005665656
- Cited by
- 187
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 9.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Keywords
- cerebrospinal fluid, acetylcholinesterase, oxytocin, monoamines, MHPG, dopamine metabolites, labour, childbirth, vaginocervical stimulation, suckling, sheep, neuroendocrine stress response
- MeSH terms
- Acetylcholinesterase, Animals, Animals, Suckling, Anxiety, Separation, Biogenic Amines, Blood-Brain Barrier, Cervix Uteri, Female, Labor, Obstetric, Oxytocin, Pregnancy, Radioimmunoassay, Sheep, Vagina
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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