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The neural substrate for concrete, abstract, and emotional word lexica: a positron emission tomography study
Abstract
Viewing of single words produces a cognitively complex mental state in which anticipation, emotional responses, visual perceptual analysis, and activation of orthographic representations are all occurring. Previous PET studies have produced conflicting results, perhaps due to the conflation of these separate processes or the presence of subtle differences in stimulus material and methodology. A PET study of 10 normal individuals was carried out using the bolus H2(15)O intravenous injection technique to examine components of processing of passively viewed words. Subjects viewed blocks of random-letter strings or abstract, concrete, or emotional words (words with positive or negative emotional salience). Baseline conditions were either passive viewing of plus signs or an anticipatory state (viewing plus signs after being warned to expect words or random letters to appear imminently). All words (and to a lesser extent the random letters) produced robust activation of cerebral blood flow in the left posterior temporal lobe, in addition to bilateral occipital activation. Furthermore, emotional words produced activation in orbital and midline frontal structures. Further activation in the left orbital frontal gyrus, the left inferior temporal gyrus, the left caudate nucleus, the anterior cingulate, and the cerebellum could be ascribed to the anticipatory state. This pattern of activity suggests that the occipital regions are recruited for visual-perceptual analysis of words, and the left temporal lobe represents the neural substrate for the orthographic lexicon. In addition, emotionally relevant material produces further processing in limbic brain structures of the frontal lobes. Detailed analysis of the task therefore substantially clarifies the neuroanatomic basis of single-word processing.
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In the citing paper
“TheVWFAisgenerallyinsensitive to factors that influence lexical access, such as contrasts between high- and lowfrequency words [24], or between real and pseudowords, as revealed by event-related fMRI analyses [11,23,25].”
From The visual word form area: expertise for reading in the fusiform gyrus (2003) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“Activation in this region can be identified merely by contrasting word reading relative to rest, either with PET or with fMRI (Beauregard et al., 1997; Brunswick et al., 1999; Dehaene et al., 2002; Fiez et al., 1999; Paulesu et al., 2000; Wagner et al., 1998).”
From Specialization within the ventral stream: the case for the visual word form area (2004) · cites this paper as Beauregard et al., 1997
In the citing paper
“A large number of studies, using various methods, have evidenced a reproducible activation of the left fusiform gyrus during reading.”
From Specialization within the ventral stream: the case for the visual word form area (2004) · cites this paper as Beauregard et al., 1997
In the citing paper
“Second, the VWFA responds more to words or to pseudo-words than to random consonant strings that violate orthographic constraints (Beauregard et al., 1997; Bu ¨chel et al., 1998; Cohen et al., 2002; Price et al., 1996; Rees et al., 1999; Xu et al., 2001).”
From Specialization within the ventral stream: the case for the visual word form area (2004) · cites this paper as Beauregard et al., 1997
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Metadata
- Authors
- Beauregard, M., Chertkow, H., Bub, D., Murtha, S., Dixon, R., & Evans, A.
- Affiliations
- Université de Montréal (CA)
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research (CA)
- University of Victoria and Centre Hospitalier Côtedes-Neiges, Montreal
- McGill University (CA)
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital (CA)
- Venue
- Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
- Publisher
- MIT Press - Journals
- Published
- 1997-07-01
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 441-461
- ISSN
- 0898-929X (ISSN-L)
- 1530-8898
- OpenAlex
- W1998440136
- Cited by
- 191
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 6.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- word processing, concrete words, abstract words, emotional words, orthographic lexicon, visual word recognition, orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, caudate nucleus, cerebellum, limbic system, cerebral blood flow
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