Cited by 713Neural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesPsychosomatic Disorders and Their TreatmentsNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Neuroanatomical correlates of externally and internally generated human emotion

Open access

Eric M. Reiman, Richard David Lane, Geoffrey L. Ahern, GARY E.R. SCHWARTZ, Richard J. Davidson, Karl John Friston, Lang Sheng Yun, Kewei Chen·1997·American Journal of Psychiatry

DOI 10.1176/ajp.154.7.918

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Positron emission tomography was used to investigate the neural substrates of normal human emotional and their dependence on the types of emotional stimulus. METHOD: Twelve healthy female subjects underwent 12 measurements of regional brain activity following the intravenous bolus administration of [15O]H2O as they alternated between emotion-generating and control film and recall tasks. Automated image analysis techniques were used to characterize and compare the increases in regional brain activity associated with the emotional response to complex visual (film) and cognitive (recall) stimuli. RESULTS: Film- and recall-generated emotion were each associated with significantly increased activity in the vicinity of the medial prefrontal cortex and thalamus, suggesting that these regions participate in aspects of emotion that do not depend on the nature of the emotional stimulus. Film-generated emotion was associated with significantly greater increases in activity bilaterally in the occipitotemporparietal cortex, lateral cerebellum, hypothalamus, and a region that includes the anterior temporal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampal formation, suggesting that these regions participate in the emotional response to certain exteroceptive sensory stimuli. Recall-generated sadness was associated with significantly greater increases in activity in the vicinity of the anterior insular cortex, suggesting that this region participates in the emotional response to potentially distressing cognitive or interoceptive sensory stimuli. CONCLUSIONS: While this study should be considered preliminary, it identified brain regions that participate in externally and internally generated human emotion.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1176/ajp.154.7.918

Cites

40 of 40 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory
Oldfield, R. C. (1971) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4 · Cited by 35,900
Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain
Talairach, J., & Tournoux, P. (1988) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 11,798
Automatic 3D intersubject registration of MR volumetric data in standardized Talairach space
Collins, D. L., Neelin, P., Peters, T. M., & Evans, A. C. (1994) · Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography · doi:10.1097/00004728-199403000-00005 · Cited by 3,431
Object vision and spatial vision: Two cortical pathways
Mishkin, M., Ungerleider, L. G., & Macko, K. A. (1983) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(83)90190-x · Cited by 2,947
Circuitry and functional aspects of the insular lobe in primates including humans
AUGUSTINE, J. (1996) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(96)00011-2 · Cited by 1,776
Comparing Functional (PET) Images: The Assessment of Significant Change
Friston, K. J., Frith, C., Liddle, P. F., & Frackowiak, R. S. J. (1991) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.1991.122 · Cited by 1,626
Self-citation
Functional neuroanatomy of face and object processing. A positron emission tomography study.
Sergent, J., Ohta, S., & Macdonald, B. (1992) · Brain : a journal of neurology · doi:10.1093/brain/115.1.15 · Cited by 1,576
The Return of Phineas Gage: Clues About the Brain from the Skull of a Famous Patient
Damásio, H., Grabowski, T. J., Frank, R. J., Galaburda, A. M., & Damásio, A. R. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8178168 · Cited by 1,520
Emotion in the Human Face
(1972) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2013-0-02458-9 · Cited by 1,463
The Cognitive Unconscious
Kihlstrom, J. F. (1987) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3629249 · Cited by 1,405

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 38 references

Research works printed but not linked: 9

LeDoux JE, 1987, Handbook of Physiology: The Nervous System, V: Higher Cortical Functions of the Brain, 419
Fox PT, 1989, J Nucl Med, 30, 141
Lane RD, Davidson RJ
Spitzer RL, 1990, Gibbon M
Mintun MA, 1990, J Nucl Med, 31, 816
Reiman EM, Lane RD, Ahern GL, Schwartz GE, Davidson RJ: Functional brain imaging, emotion, and consciousness, in Toward a Scientific Basis for Consciousness: The First Tucson Discussions and Debates. Edited by Hameroff SR, Kaszniak AW, Scott AC. Boston,MIT Press, 1996, pp311-320
Goldman-Rakic PS, 1987, Handbook of Physiology: The Nervous System, V: Higher Cortical Functions of the Brain, 373
Mesulam M-M, 1985, Principals of Behavioral Neurology
Lang PJ, 1995, Bradley MM

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 713

Neural correlates of declarative memory for emotionally valenced words in women with posttraumatic stress disorder related to early childhood sexual abuse
Bremner, J. D., Vythilingam, M., Vermetten, E., Southwick, S. M., McGlashan, T., Staib, L. H., Soufer, R., & Charney, D. S. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01891-7 · Cited by 299
“Reiman et al (1997) have found that the use of a p value of .005 as the limit of significance for SPM analyses is associated with the optimal reduction of Type I and Type II errors.”
Method
Volumetric neuroimaging investigations in mood disorders: bipolar disorder versus major depressive disorder
Konarski, J. Z., McIntyre, R. S., Kennedy, S. H., Rafi‐Tari, S., Soczynska, J. K., & Ketter, T. A. (2008) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2008.00435.x · Cited by 311
“Functional neuroimaging studies describe amygdala activation in response to induction of positive and negative emotional states (15), fear (201, 202), and presentations of fearful and angry facial expressions (203, 204).”
Background
Facial expression analysis with AFFDEX and FACET: A validation study
Stöckli, S., Schulte‐Mecklenbeck, M., Borer, S., & Samson, A. C. (2017) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/s13428-017-0996-1 · Cited by 333
“Facial expressions occur for various reasons: they can be generated internally (e.g., by thoughts or memories), produced by external stimuli (e.g., photographs or films; Reiman et al., 1997) and be determined by social interaction and display rules (Vallverdu, 2014).”
Background
Neurobiological mechanisms of anhedonia
Gorwood, P. (2008) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2008.10.3/pgorwood · Cited by 285
“Some other regions might have a more obvious role in negative and/or distressing emotions rather than hedonic experiences, such as the insula.(64,65) Recall-generated sadness was associated with significantly greater increases in activity in the vicinity of the anterior insular cortex, suggesting that this region part…”
Age-related differences in brain activation during emotional face processing
Gunning‐Dixon, F. M., Gur, R. C., Perkins, A. C., Schroeder, L. F., Turner, T. H., Turetsky, B. I., Chan, R. M., Loughead, J., Alsop, D. C., Maldjian, J. A., et al. (2002) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(02)00099-4 · Cited by 315
“Functional neuroimaging studies have used diverse paradigms to examine emotion processing, including emotion discrimination [29,30,41], mood induction [24,59,68–70], fear conditioning [44,52], prosodic identification [9], reward and punishment conditions [42,57,80] and viewing of emotionally provocative stimuli [7,14,…”
Background
Effects of mood and subtype on cerebral glucose metabolism in treatment-resistant bipolar disorder
Ketter, T. A., Kimbrell, T. A., George, M. S., Dunn, R. T., Speer, A. M., Benson, B. E., Willis, M. W., Danielson, A., Frye, M. A., Herscovitch, P., et al. (2001) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00975-6 · Cited by 291
“In healthy volunteers, resting cerebellar (and brainstem) rCBF correlated with harm-avoidance (George et al 1994), and lateral cerebellar (and occipito-temporo-parietal) CBF increases appeared related to emotional responses to exteroceptive sensory (film) stimuli (Reiman et al 1997).”
Background
Neuroanatomical circuits modulating fear and anxiety behaviors
Charney, D. S. (2003) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.108.s417.3.x · Cited by 293
“Physiologic activity also increases in more dorsal mPFC areas in healthy humans as they perform tasks that elicit emotional responses or require emotional evaluations (28, 42, 43).”
Background
Sex-related differences in IBS patients: central processing of visceral stimuli
Naliboff, B. D., Berman, S. M., Chang, L., Derbyshire, S. W. G., Suyenobu, B. Y., Vogt, B. A., Mandelkern, M. A., & Mayer, E. A. (2003) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(03)00400-1 · Cited by 291
Functional MRI Study of the Cognitive Generation of Affect
Teasdale, J. D., Howard, R. J., Cox, S. G., Ha, Y., Brammer, M. J., Williams, S., & Checkley, S. A. (1999) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.156.2.209 · Cited by 288
Frontopolar and anterior temporal cortex activation in a moral judgment task: preliminary functional MRI results in normal subjects
Moll, J., Eslinger, P. J., & de Oliveira‐Souza, R. (2001) · Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria · doi:10.1590/s0004-282x2001000500001 · Cited by 288
Differential brain responses to satiation in obese and lean men.
Gautier, J., Chen, K., Salbe, A. D., Bandy, D. J., Pratley, R. E., Heiman, M. L., Ravussin, É., Reiman, E. M., & Tataranni, P. A. (2000) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.49.5.838 · Cited by 283
“The limitations of our experimental approach have largely been addressed in previous publications (19,40).”
MethodSelf-citation
Emotion and Attention Interaction Studied through Event-Related Potentials
Carretié, L., Martín‐Loeches, M., Hinojosa, J. A., & Mercado, F. (2001) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/089892901753294400 · Cited by 292
“The medial prefrontal cortex is activated in a number of neuroimaging studies presenting emotional stimulation (Teasdale et al., 1999; Lane, Reiman, et al., 1997; Reiman et al., 1997).”
BackgroundInfluential
Neural Responses to Happy Facial Expressions in Major Depression Following Antidepressant Treatment
Fu, C. H. Y., Williams, S. C. R., Brammer, M. J., Suckling, J., Kim, J., Cleare, A. J., Walsh, N. D., Mitterschiffthaler, M. T., Andrew, C. M., Pich, E. M., et al. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2007.164.4.599 · Cited by 288
“Extrastriate cortical activation is elicited by emotional scenes (40) and facial expressions (13, 41), and it appears to be driven by the affective nature of the stimuli rather than by their complexity (42) or by eye movements (43).”
Background
Neural networks involved in adolescent reward processing: an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies
Silverman, M. H., Jedd, K., & Luciana, M. (2015) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.07.083 · Cited by 277
“The ALE by Mohr et al. (2010) found the anterior insula, a region associated with aversive emotion processing (Reiman et al., 1997; Paulus et al., 2003), to be specifically activated during risk processing, which was the focus of their analysis.”
Neural correlates of the classic color and emotional stroop in women with abuse-related posttraumatic stress disorder
Bremner, J. D., Vermetten, E. H. G. J. M., Vythilingam, M., Afzal, N., Schmahl, C. G., Elzinga, B. M., & Charney, D. S. (2004) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.10.001 · Cited by 291
Effect of Impaired Recognition and Expression of Emotions on Frontocingulate Cortices: An fMRI Study of Men With Alexithymia
Berthoz, S., Artiges, É., de Moortele, P. V., Poline, J., Rouquette, S., Consoli, S. M., & Martinot, J. (2002) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.6.961 · Cited by 279
“, the amygdala, the hippocampal formation, and the hypothalamus), which play a central role in emotional response to simple perceptual and associative aspects of the stimuli but may be less relevant for their interpretation (46).”
Background
Differences in brain responses to visceral pain between patients with irritable bowel syndrome and ulcerative colitis
Mayer, E. A., Berman, S. M., Suyenobu, B. Y., Labus, J. S., Mandelkern, M. A., Naliboff, B. D., & Chang, L. (2005) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2005.03.023 · Cited by 275
“, 1999) and during tasks that require emotional evaluations (Dolan et al., 1996; Reiman et al., 1997).”
Background
Neural and Behavioral Responses to Tryptophan Depletion in UnmedicatedPatients With Remitted Major Depressive Disorder and Controls
Neumeister, A., Nugent, A. C., Waldeck, T., Geraci, M., Schwarz, M., Bonne, O., Bain, E. E., Luckenbaugh, D. A., Herscovitch, P., Charney, D. S., et al. (2004) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.61.8.765 · Cited by 273
Anatomy of the insula functional and clinical correlates
Flynn, F. G. (1999) · Aphasiology · doi:10.1080/026870399402325 · Cited by 281
“It has been suggested that this region participates in the emotional responseto potentially distressing cognitive or interoceptive sensory stimuli (Reiman et al. 1997).”
Background
The Unpleasantness of Perceived Dyspnea Is Processed in the Anterior Insula and Amygdala
von Leupoldt, A., Sommer, T., Kegat, S., Baumann, H. J., Klose, H., Dahme, B., & Büchel, C. (2008) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200712-1821oc · Cited by 302
“Therefore, the insular cortex and in particular its anterior part has been suggested as being an interoceptive alarm center, alerting the individual to potentially distressing stimuli with negative emotional significance ( 49 ).”
Background
Corticolimbic blood flow in posttraumatic stress disorder during script-driven imagery
Britton, J. C., Phan, K. L., Taylor, S. F., Fig, L. M., & Liberzon, I. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.12.025 · Cited by 265
Inhibitory control and emotional stress regulation: Neuroimaging evidence for frontal–limbic dysfunction in psycho-stimulant addiction
Li, C.-S. R., & Sinha, R. (2008) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.10.003 · Cited by 345
“The two behavioral indices, the inhibitory function and SSRT, have been widely used to describe impaired inhibitory control in people with neurological (Aron and Poldrack, 2005; Aron et al., 2003; Dimitrov et al., 2003; Reiman et al., 1997; Stewart and Tannock, 1999) or psychiatric conditions, including patients with…”
Background
Individual differences in trait anhedonia: a structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging study in non-clinical subjects
Harvey, P.-O., Pruessner, J., Czechowska, Y., & Lepage, M. (2007) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4002021 · Cited by 259
Brain areas and time course of emotional processing
Esslen, M., Pascual-Marqui, R. D., Hell, D., Kochi, K., & Lehmann, D. (2004) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.10.001 · Cited by 259
Anger in healthy men: a PET study using script-driven imagery
Dougherty, D. D., Shin, L. M., Alpert, N. M., Pitman, R. K., Orr, S. P., Lasko, M. C., Macklin, M. L., Fischman, A. J., & Rauch, S. L. (1999) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00063-3 · Cited by 259
Neural Correlates of Imaginal Aggressive Behavior Assessed by Positron Emission Tomography in Healthy Subjects
Pietrini, P., Guazzelli, M., Basso, G., Jaffe, K., & Grafman, J. H. (2000) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.157.11.1772 · Cited by 272
Successful dieters have increased neural activity in cortical areas involved in the control of behavior
DelParigi, A., Chen, K., Salbe, A. D., Hill, J. O., Wing, R. R., Reiman, E. M., & Tataranni, P. A. (2007) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803431 · Cited by 255
Self-citation
Regional brain activity during transient self-induced anxiety and anger in healthy adults
Kimbrell, T. A., George, M. S., Parekh, P. I., Ketter, T. A., Podell, D., Danielson, A., Repella, J. D., Benson, B. E., Willis, M. W., Herscovitch, P., et al. (1999) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00103-1 · Cited by 253
Activation of anterior paralimbic structures during guilt-related script-driven imagery
Shin, L. M., Dougherty, D. D., Orr, S. P., Pitman, R. K., Lasko, M., Macklin, M. L., Alpert, N. M., Fischman, A. J., & Rauch, S. L. (2000) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00251-1 · Cited by 252
Mind does really matter: Evidence from neuroimaging studies of emotional self-regulation, psychotherapy, and placebo effect
Beauregard, M. (2007) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2007.01.005 · Cited by 259
“…identified in this study, during the suppression condition, has previously been postulated to be implicated in theory-of-mind tasks (inferences about the mental states of others) (Fletcher et al., 1995) and metacognitive representation of one’s own emotional state (Reiman et al., 1997; Lane, 2000).”
Background
Cerebral and cerebellar gray matter reduction in first-episode patients with major depressive disorder: A voxel-based morphometry study
Peng, J., Liu, J., Nie, B., Li, Y., Shan, B., Wang, G., & Li, K. (2010) · European Journal of Radiology · doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2010.04.006 · Cited by 245
The temporal pole: From anatomy to function—A literature appraisal
Herlin, B., Navarro, V., & Dupont, S. (2021) · Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy · doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.101925 · Cited by 247
Volitional Control of Anterior Insula Activity Modulates the Response to Aversive Stimuli. A Real-Time Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Carìa, A., Sitaram, R., Veit, R., Begliomini, C., & Birbaumer, N. (2010) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.04.020 · Cited by 244
Mentalizing about emotion and its relationship to empathy
Hooker, C. I., Verosky, S. C., Germine, L. T., Knight, R. T., & D’Esposito, M. (2008) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsn019 · Cited by 239
Increased frontal and paralimbic activation following ayahuasca, the pan-amazonian inebriant
Riba, J., Romero, S., Grasa, E., Mena, E., Carrió, I., & Barbanoj, M. J. (2006) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0358-7 · Cited by 241
“In fact, activation of the right anterior insula has been observed in many studies of recallgenerated emotions (Damasio et al. 2000; Phan et al. 2002; Reiman et al. 1997).”
Background
Neural Mechanisms of Anhedonia in Schizophrenia
Crespo‐Facorro, B., Paradiso, S., Andreasen, N. C., OʼLeary, D. S., Watkins, G. L., Ponto, L. L. B., & Hichwa, R. D. (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.286.4.427 · Cited by 232
Specific brain processing of facial expressions in people with alexithymia: an H215O‐PET study
Kano, M., Fukudo, S., Gyoba, J., Kamachi, M., Tagawa, M., Mochizuki, H., Itoh, M., Hongo, M., & Yanai, K. (2003) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awg131 · Cited by 232
Task instructions modulate neural responses to fearful facial expressions
Lange, K., Williams, L. M., Young, A. W., Bullmore, E. T., Brammer, M. J., Williams, S. C. R., Gray, J. A., & Phillips, M. L. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01455-5 · Cited by 226
“This region has also been reported as being activated in response to fearful, sad, and angry facial expressions during the performance of a gender-decision task (Blair et al 1999; Sprengelmeyer et al 1998), and during recallgenerated , but not film-generated, emotions (Reiman et al 1997).”
Background
Resting state networks in major depressive disorder
Dutta, A., McKie, S., & Deakin, J. F. W. (2014) · Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2014.10.003 · Cited by 218
“It has been demonstrated that the insula is associated with emotional response to interoceptive sensory stimuli (Reiman et al., 1997).”
Background
Same or different? Neural correlates of happy and sad mood in healthy males
Habel, U., Klein, M., Kellermann, T., Shah, N. J., & Schneider, F. W. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.01.014 · Cited by 228
“This supports the notion of Reiman et al. (1997) that it is the internally generated mood that activates the subgenual part rather than sadness itself.”
Background
A unique representation of heat allodynia in the human brain
Lorenz, J., Cross, D. J., Minoshima, S., Morrow, T. J., Paulson, P. E., & Casey, K. L. (2002) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00767-5 · Cited by 233
“Emotions, either self-generated or contralateral ventral putamen, contralateral anterior intriggered by other sensory modalities, involve limbic sula, perigenual anterior cingulate cortex, and extensive system structures similar to those that are uniquely acti- bilateral areas of the dorsolateral and orbital frontal c…”
The neurophysiological bases of emotion: An fMRI study of the affective circumplex using emotion‐denoting words
Posner, J. E., Russell, J. A., Gerber, A. J., Gorman, D. A., Colibazzi, T., Yu, S., Wang, Z., Kangarlu, A., Hongtu Zhu, B., & Peterson, B. S. (2008) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20553 · Cited by 232
“A large number of neuroimaging studies have previously attempted to identify distinct and dissociable circuits that support one of several basic emotions, such as the amygdala supporting fear [Davis and Whalen, 2001; LeDoux, 2003], the subcallosal cingulate supporting sadness [Beauregard et al., 1998; Reiman et al., 1…”
Background
A differential neural response in obsessive–compulsive disorder patients with washing compared with checking symptoms to disgust
Phillips, M. L., Marks, I. M., Senior, C., Lythgoe, D. J., O’Dwyer, A.-M., Meehan, O., Williams, S., Brammer, M. J., Bullmore, E. T., & McGuire, P. K. (2000) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291799002652 · Cited by 228
“…visual regions are activated by aversive and disgusting visual stimuli, such as unpleasant scenes (Lane et al. 1999; Lang et al. 1998) and film excerpts (Reiman et al. 1997), and that the extrastriate cortical response to aversive stimuli may be modulated by limbic structures (Morris et al. 1998).”
Background
Neural substrates of implicit and explicit emotional processes: a unifying framework for psychosomatic medicine.
Lane, R. D. (2008) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3181647e44 · Cited by 223
Self-citation
Is the cerebellum relevant in the circuitry of neuropsychiatric disorders?
Konarski, J. Z., McIntyre, R. S., Grupp, L. A., & Kennedy, S. H. (2005) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1139/jpn.0526 · Cited by 224
Aversion-Related Circuitry in the Cerebellum: Responses to Noxious Heat and Unpleasant Images
Moulton, E. A., Elman, I., Pendse, G., Schmahmann, J. D., Becerra, L. R., & Borsook, D. (2011) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.6709-10.2011 · Cited by 228
“…stimuli, as cerebellar areas commonly activated by noxious heat and unpleasant pictures showed functional connec- tivity with brain structures that are associated with emotional processing, specifically the subgenual ACC, hypothalamus, and parahippocampal gyrus (Papez, 1937; Reiman et al., 1997).”
Background
The Multiple Systems Model of Angry Rumination
Denson, T. F. (2012) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868312467086 · Cited by 245
Cortical Sulcal Maps in Autism
Levitt, J. G. (2003) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/13.7.728 · Cited by 225
Differential amygdalar response to novel versus newly familiar neutral faces: a functional MRI probe developed for studying inhibited temperament
Schwartz, C., Wright, C. I., Shin, L. M., Kagan, J., Whalen, P. J., McMullin, K. G., & Rauch, S. L. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01906-6 · Cited by 217
“Amygdalar activation has been observed in normal subjects to aversive stimuli other than faces, including aversive films and pictures (Irwin et al 1996; Lane et al 1997; Reiman et al 1997 ), aversive odors and tastes (Zald and Pardo 1997), fearful voices (Phillips et al 1998), threatening words (Isenberg et al 1999),…”
Background
Neurometabolic Effects of Psilocybin, 3,4-Methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDE) and d-Methamphetamine in Healthy Volunteers A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled PET Study with [18F]FDG
Gouzoulis-Mayfrank, E. (1999) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(98)00089-x · Cited by 219
“…as selective attention, sensory discrimination , working memory, word processing, timing, learning , and complex problem solving (Akshoomoff and Courchesne 1992; Leiner et al. 1993; Gao et al. 1996; Gibbon et al. 1997; Allen et al. 1997), and in externally generated emotion (Reiman et al. 1997).”
Background
Depersonalization disorder: thinking without feeling.
Phillips, M. L., Medford, N., Senior, C., Bullmore, E. T., Suckling, J., Brammer, M. J., Andrew, C., Sierra, M., Williams, S. C. R., & David, A. S. (2001) · Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/s0925-4927(01)00119-6 · Cited by 215
“Morris et al., 1996 , and the insula in the percepŽ .tion of disgust Phillips et al., 1997 and negative Žemotions Reiman et al., 1997; Mayberg et al., .1999 , the latter study emphasizing the reciprocal roles of the lateral and orbito-medial prefrontal cortex and insula, amongst other regions, in changes in depressed…”
Neurologic bases for comorbidity of balance disorders, anxiety disorders and migraine: neurotherapeutic implications
Balaban, C. D., Jacob, R. G., & FURMAN, J. M. R. (2011) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/ern.11.19 · Cited by 219
Cortical and Subcortical Abnormalities in Late-Onset Depression With History of Suicide Attempts Investigated With MRI and Voxel-Based Morphometry
Hwang, J., Lee, T., Tsai, S.-J., Chen, T.-J., Yang, C.-H., Lirng, J.-F., & Tsai, C.-F. (2010) · Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology · doi:10.1177/0891988710363713 · Cited by 214
“The insula is preferentially engaged in internally generated emotions or feeling states and has been regarded a relay station for signals coming from the internal milieu or viscera to regulate homeostasis.(55,60,61) Posterior cingulate cortex and the parahippocampal region have been reported to provide interface for t…”
Background
Association between interoception and empathy: Evidence from heartbeat-evoked brain potential
Fukushima, H., Terasawa, Y., & Umeda, S. (2011) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.10.015 · Cited by 209
“Importantly, these areas have been implicated in the subjective experience of emotion (Blood and Zatorre, 2001; Critchley et al., 2001; Damasio et al., 2000; Mayberg et al., 1999; Lane et al., 1997; Reiman et al., 1997).”
Background
The function of the anterior temporal lobe: A review of the empirical evidence
Wong, C. L., & Gallate, J. E. (2012) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2012.02.017 · Cited by 221
“…have found ATL activation to be activate independent of whether stimuli were pleasant or unpleasant (Lane et al., 1999; Maratos et al., 2001; Reiman et al., 1997) suggesting that this region is involved in some aspect of externally generated emotion independent of the particular emotion…”
Background
Regional homogeneity in depression and its relationship with separate depressive symptom clusters: a resting-state fMRI study
Yao, Z., Wang, L., Lu, Q., Liu, H., & Teng, G. (2009) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2008.10.013 · Cited by 205
Emotional expression boosts early visual processing of the face: ERP recording and its decomposition by independent component analysis
Sato, W., Kochiyama, T., Yoshikawa, S., & Matsumura, M. (2001) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-200103260-00019 · Cited by 207
An fMRI study of differential neural response to affective pictures in schizophrenia
Takahashi, H., Koeda, M., Oda, K., Matsuda, T., Matsushima, E., Matsuura, M., Asai, K., & Okubo, Y. (2004) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.03.028 · Cited by 211
Brain processing of visual sexual stimuli in healthy men: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Mouras, H., Stoléru, S., Bittoun, J., Glutron, D., Pélégrini‐Issac, M., Paradis, A., & Burnod, Y. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00408-7 · Cited by 205
Being the target of another’s emotion: a PET study
Wicker, B., Perrett, D. I., Baron‐Cohen, S., & Decety, J. (2003) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(02)00144-6 · Cited by 200
“Several studies found similar medial prefrontal activation related to the experience of pleasant or unpleasant emotions when the inducing stimuli involved the presentation of slides, film clips, or recall of memories of emotional events[17,36,43] .”
BackgroundMethod
The cerebellar-hypothalamic circuits: Potential pathways underlying cerebellar involvement in somatic-visceral integration
Zhu, J., Yung, W., Chow, B., Chan, Y., & Wang, J. (2006) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2006.01.003 · Cited by 201
Differential Cerebral Metabolic Changes With Paroxetine Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder vs Major Depression
Saxena, S., Brody, A. L., Ho, M. L., Alborzian, S., Maidment, K. M., Zohrabi, N., Ho, M. K., Huang, S., Wu, H.-M., & Baxter, L. R. (2002) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.59.3.250 · Cited by 201
Social psychology as a natural kind
Mitchell, J. P. (2009) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2009.03.008 · Cited by 210
Influence of the supplementary motor area on primary motor cortex excitability during movements triggered by neutral or emotionally unpleasant visual cues
Oliveri, M., Babiloni, C., Filippi, M. M., Caltagirone, C., Babiloni, F., Cicinelli, P., Traversa, R., Palmieri, M. G., & Rossini, P. M. (2003) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1346-8 · Cited by 200
Segregated neural representation of distinct emotion dimensions in the prefrontal cortex-an fMRI study
Grimm, S., Schmidt, C. F., Bermpohl, F., Heinzel, A., Dahlem, Y., Wyss, M., Hell, D., Boesiger, P., Boeker, H., & Northoff, G. (2006) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.09.006 · Cited by 195
“Another study that induced emotions by evoking memories or imagery of personally relevant events with affective impact also showed activation in the PACC (Reiman et al., 1997).”
Background
A preferential increase in the extrastriate response to signals of danger
Surguladze, S. A., Brammer, M. J., Young, A. W., Andrew, C., Travis, M. J., Williams, S., & Phillips, M. L. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00085-5 · Cited by 197
“Additionally, in response to visual presentations of different types of emotional compared with nonemotional scene, greater activation within these visual regions have been reported (Reiman et al., 1997; Lane et al., 1997, 1999), irrespective of the perceptual complexity of the stimuli (Taylor et al.”
Background
A relation between rest and the self in the brain?
Wicker, B., Ruby, P. M., Royet, J., & Fonlupt, P. (2003) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2003.08.003 · Cited by 195
The Effect of Emotional Content on Visual Recognition Memory: A PET Activation Study
Taylor, S. F., Liberzon, I., Fig, L. M., Decker, L. R., Minoshima, S., & Koeppe, R. A. (1998) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.1998.0356 · Cited by 198
The emotional modulation of cognitive processing: an fMRI study
Simpson, J. R., Öngür, D., Akbudak, E., Conturo, T. E., Ollinger, J. M., Snyder, A. Z., Gusnard, D. A., & Raichle, M. E. (2000) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/089892900564019 · Cited by 190
Insular cortex abnormalities in schizophrenia: a structural magnetic resonance imaging study of first-episode patients
Crespo‐Facorro, B. (2000) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(00)00028-1 · Cited by 189
Disturbance of Emotion Processing in Frontotemporal Dementia: A Synthesis of Cognitive and Neuroimaging Findings
Kumfor, F., & Piguet, O. (2012) · Neuropsychology Review · doi:10.1007/s11065-012-9201-6 · Cited by 202
“Some evidence also suggests that the insula may be recruited when tasks are more cognitively demanding (Reiman et al. 1997), such as on emotion labelling tasks.”
Background
An emotional Stroop functional MRI study of euthymic bipolar disorder
Malhi, G. S., Lagopoulos, J., Sachdev, P. S., Ivanovski, B., & Shnier, R. (2005) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2005.00255.x · Cited by 190
Movies and narratives as naturalistic stimuli in neuroimaging
Jääskeläinen, I. P., Sams, M. E., Glerean, E., & Ahveninen, J. (2020) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117445 · Cited by 202
“Today, several decades later, movies and narratives have seen use as naturalistic stimuli in a wealth of neuroimaging studies (Aftanas et al., 1998; Cahill et al., 1996; Decety and Chaminade, 2003; Dimpfel et al., 2003; Dougherty et al., 1999; Gilbert et al., 1989; Jones and Fox, 1992; Karama et al., 2002; Krause et a…”
Background
Cerebellum and psychiatric disorders
Baldaçara, L., Borgio, J. G. F., Lacerda, A. L. T. D., & Jackowski, A. P. (2008) · Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria · doi:10.1590/s1516-44462008000300016 · Cited by 183
Differential amygdala activation during emotional decision and recognition memory tasks using unpleasant words: an fMRI study
Tabert, M. H., Borod, J. C., Tang, C. Y., Lange, G., Wei, T.-C., Johnson, R., Nusbaum, A. O., & Buchsbaum, M. S. (2001) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(00)00157-3 · Cited by 187
“[77] Reiman EM, Lane RD, Ahern GL, Schwartz GE, Davidson RJ, Friston KJ, et al.”
Reduced thalamic volume in high-functioning individuals with autism
Tsatsanis, K., Rourke, B. P., Klin, A., Volkmar, F. R., Cicchetti, D. V., & Schultz, R. T. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01530-5 · Cited by 185
Ovarian steroids and serotonin neural function
Bethea, C. L., Pecins-Thompson, M., Schutzer, W. E., Gundlah, C., & Lu, Z. (1998) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/bf02914268 · Cited by 184
Neuroanatomic Correlates of Psychopathologic Components of Major Depressive Disorder
Milak, M. S., Parsey, R. V., Keilp, J. G., Oquendo, M. A., Malone, K. M., & Mann, J. J. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.4.397 · Cited by 179
The Kuleshov Effect: the influence of contextual framing on emotional attributions
Mobbs, D., Weiskopf, N., Lau, H. C., Featherstone, E., Dolan, R. J., & Frith, C. D. (2006) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsl014 · Cited by 178
“Given the visual properties of this region, activity may also reflect the holding or recall of the contextual image in mind (Nakamura et al., 1994; Reiman et al., 1997; Lane et al., 1997).”
Background
Reciprocal neural response within lateral and ventral medial prefrontal cortex during hot and cold reasoning
Goel, V. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.07.027 · Cited by 181
“A number of studies have activated these structures in emotion regulation tasks (Davidson et al., 2000a, 2000b; Reiman et al., 1997).”
Background
An affective circumplex model of neural systems subserving valence, arousal, and cognitive overlay during the appraisal of emotional faces
Gerber, A. J., Posner, J. E., Gorman, D. A., Colibazzi, T., Yu, S., Wang, Z., Kangarlu, A., Hongtu Zhu, B., Russell, J. A., & Peterson, B. S. (2008) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.02.032 · Cited by 186
“…monitoring and assessment of the salience of the stimulus (i.e., that monitors the need for allocating attentional resources to processing of the stimulus) during the processing of stimuli that are ambiguous and yet biologically relevant (Reiman et al., 1997; Silvestri & Kapp, 1998; Whalen, 1998).”
BackgroundInfluential
The neurobiology of retinoic acid in affective disorders
Bremner, J. D., & McCaffery, P. J. A. (2007) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.07.001 · Cited by 182
FMRI Study of Emotional Speech Comprehension
Beaucousin, V., Lacheret-Dujour, A., Turbelin, M., Morel, M., Mazoyer, B. M., & Tzourio‐Mazoyer, N. (2006) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhj151 · Cited by 173
“The areas involved in affective prosody processing were uncovered in the difference between brain activity during affective classification of sentences enounced by actors and during affective classification of sentences produced by Kali lacking affective prosody (AffAct--AffKali).”
BackgroundInfluential
Does Anxiety Cause Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease?
Ehgoetz Martens, K. A., Ellard, C. G., & Almeida, Q. J. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0106561 · Cited by 171
“A recent review highlighted that nearly 60% of emotional induction studies reported activation of the insula [47], and furthermore the insula has been suggested to participate in evaluation of distressing thoughts and interoceptive emotional responses [48].”
Background
Context, emotion, and the strategic pursuit of goals: interactions among multiple brain systems controlling motivated behavior
Gruber, A. J., & McDonald, R. J. (2012) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2012.00050 · Cited by 173
“Several studies in humans have demonstrated a reliable correlation between amygdala activation and emotionally valenced stimuli (Breiter et al., 1996; Reiman et al., 1997), which can even occur without subjects’ awareness (Whalen et al., 1998).”
Background
Modulation of Emotional Appraisal by False Physiological Feedback during fMRI
Gray, M. A., Harrison, N. A., Wiens, S., & Critchley, H. D. (2007) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000546 · Cited by 170
“Insula activation is observed during other conditions that engender emotional arousal, for example emotional recall [36–38] and appraisal of disgust stimuli [39–40].”
Background
SPECT [I-123]iomazenil measurement of the benzodiazepine receptor in panic disorder
Bremner, J. D., Innis, R. B., White, T. G., Fujita, M., Silbersweig, D., Goddard, A. W., Staib, L. H., Stern, E. R., Cappiello, A., Woods, S. W., et al. (2000) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00188-2 · Cited by 169
“This threshold is based on prior studies showing a low level of Type I error using this cutoff as the criteria (Reiman et al 1997).”
Method
The interaction of emotional and cognitive neural systems in emotionally guided response inhibition
Shafritz, K. M., Collins, S. H., & Blumberg, H. P. (2006) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.11.053 · Cited by 167
“, 1997), viewing and recalling emotional film clips (Lane et al., 1997; Reiman et al., 1997), recalling emotional life events (George et al.”
Background
The insular Lobe of Reil–its Anatamico-Functional, behavioural and Neuropsychiatric attributes in humans–a review
Shelley, B. P., & Trimble, M. (2004) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/15622970410029933 · Cited by 172
“A study using [15O] PET investigated the brain regions that participated in externally and internally generated human emotion (Reiman et al. 1997).”
Method
Emotions in Unmedicated Patients With Schizophrenia During Evaluation With Positron Emission Tomography
Paradiso, S., Andreasen, N. C., Crespo‐Facorro, B., OʼLeary, D. S., Watkins, G. L., Ponto, L. L. B., & Hichwa, R. D. (2003) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.10.1775 · Cited by 167
“Functional imaging studies have also shown that the thalamus is associated with visually induced negative affect (65, 66).”
Background
Neural abnormalities during cognitive generation of affect in Treatment-Resistant depression
Kumari, V., Mitterschiffthaler, M. T., Teasdale, J. D., Malhi, G. S., Brown, R. G., Giampietro, V., Brammer, M. J., Poon, L., Simmons, A., Williams, S. C. R., et al. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01785-7 · Cited by 166
Cognitive generation of affect in bipolar depression: an fMRI study
Malhi, G. S., Lagopoulos, J., Ward, P. B., Kumari, V., Mitchell, P. B., Parker, G. B., Ivanovski, B., & Sachdev, P. S. (2004) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.0953-816x.2003.03159.x · Cited by 168
A functional anatomic study of emotion in schizophrenia
Taylor, S. F., Liberzon, I., Decker, L. R., & Koeppe, R. (2002) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(01)00403-0 · Cited by 165
Neural correlates of frustration
Abler, B., Walter, H., & Erk, S. (2005) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-200505120-00003 · Cited by 164
“Internally generated sadness was previously associated with activation in the anterior insular cortex, and a role for this brain area in generating emotional responses to distressing interoceptive stimuli has been inferred [21].”
Background
Regional Brain Activation during Meditation Shows Time and Practice Effects: An Exploratory FMRI Study
Baron Short, E., Kose, S., Mu, Q., Borckardt, J., Newberg, A., George, M. S., & Kozel, F. A. (2010) · Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1093/ecam/nem163 · Cited by 159
“These individual t-maps were used to generate group t-maps at the second level in a random effects model analysis (14).”
Method
Regional brain activity in women grieving a romantic relationship breakup
Najib, A., Lorberbaum, J. P., Kose, S., Bohning, D. E., & George, M. S. (2004) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.12.2245 · Cited by 161
Cortical Substrates for the Perception of Dyspnea
von Leupoldt, A., & Dahme, B. (2005) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.128.1.345 · Cited by 156
The effect of graded aversive stimuli on limbic and visual activation
Taylor, S. F., Liberzon, I., & Koeppe, R. A. (2000) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(00)00032-4 · Cited by 159
Bolus isoproterenol infusions provide a reliable method for assessing interoceptive awareness
Khalsa, S. S., Rudrauf, D., Sandesara, C., Olshansky, B., & Tranel, D. (2009) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.08.010 · Cited by 155
Neural correlates of memories of abandonment in women with and without borderline personality disorder.
Schmahl, C., Elzinga, B., Vermetten, E., Sanislow, C., McGlashan, T., & Bremner, J. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01720-1 · Cited by 148
“A threshold z score of 2.58 has been demonstrated by Reiman et al (1997) to be associated with a low rate of false positive activations and to constitute the most optimal trade-off between type I and type II statistical errors.”
Influential

Authors: Reiman, E. M., Lane, R. D., Ahern, G. L., SCHWARTZ, G. E. R., Davidson, R. J., Friston, K. J., Yun, L. S., & Chen, K.
Affiliations: University of Arizona (US)
ORCID: Eric M. Reiman
Richard David Lane
GARY E.R. SCHWARTZ
Richard J. Davidson
Karl John Friston
Kewei Chen
Venue: American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published: 1997-07-01
Volume: 154
Issue: 7
Pages: 918-925
ISSN: 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
1535-7228
DOI: 10.1176/ajp.154.7.918
OpenAlex: W1525298240
Semantic Scholar: f12897c2e3c50642666b917f8c8ad7542bb93594
Cited by: 711
References: 38
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 16
FWCI: 18.78
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Wellcome Trust
National Institutes of Health (5k20mh000972-05)
National Institute of Mental Health (MH00972, MH00875)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Keywords: emotions, neural substrates of emotion, sadness, medial prefrontal cortex, thalamus, amygdala, hippocampal formation, anterior insula, interoception, exteroception, regional brain activity
MeSH terms: Adult, Affective Symptoms, Arousal, Brain, Brain Mapping, Cognition, Emotions, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Motion Pictures, Oxygen Radioisotopes, Mental Recall, Research Design, Sensation, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Visual Perception, Water

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Neuroanatomical correlates of externally and internally generated human emotion

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks