Chronic Pain and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: An Integrative Review
Abstract
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is often used to treat chronic pain; however, more information is needed about what are the most efficacious dose and delivery methods. The aims of this review were to determine (a) which CBT doses, delivery methods, strategies, and follow-up periods have been explored in recent intervention studies of individuals with chronic pain and (b) whether the outcomes described in the selected studies were consistent with recommendations by the Initiative on Methods, Measurement, and Pain Assessment in Clinical Trials. The CINAHL, EMBASE, PubMed, PsycInfo, and SCOPUS databases were searched for randomized controlled trials published from 2009 to 2015 testing CBT for adults with chronic pain. Thirty-five studies were included in this review. Results revealed that CBT reduced pain intensity in 43% of trials, the efficacy of online and in-person formats were comparable, and military veterans and individuals with cancer-related chronic pain were understudied.
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A review by Knoerl et al. found that CBT treatment reduced pain intensity significantly in 43% of included RCTs, and significant improvements in other outcomes such as depression and anxiety were noted in over 50% of trials testing these outcomes.
“The CBT treatment reduced pain intensity significantly in 43% of the included RCTs, and significant improvements in other outcomes such as depression and anxiety were also noted in over 50% of the trials testing these outcomes.”
From Psychological interventions for individuals with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorder: a scoping review (2023) · cites this paper as [58]
CBT begins by identifying a primary treatment goal and continuous striving to meet those goals.
“CBT begins by identifying a primary treatment goal and continuous striving to meet those goals [88].”
Cognitive behavioural therapy is widely considered a critical part of chronic pain treatment, but existing research suggests that there is room for improvements.
“Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is today widely considered a critical part of chronic pain treatment, but existing research suggests that there is room for improvements (Knoerl et al., 2016).”
From Internet-delivered acceptance and commitment therapy as microlearning for chronic pain: A randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up (2021) · cites this paper as Knoerl et al., 2016
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- Authors
- Knoerl, R., Lavoie Smith, E. M., & Weisberg, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, USA
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
- Corresponding author
- Knoerl, Robert
- ORCID
- Knoerl, Robert
- Venue
- Western Journal of Nursing Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2015-11-24
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 596-628
- ISSN
- 0193-9459 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-8456
- OpenAlex
- W2190910061
- Cited by
- 194
- References
- 95
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 0.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Western Journal of Nursing Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
- Keywords
- chronic pain, cognitive behavioral therapy, treatment dose, delivery methods, online therapy, pain intensity, military veterans, follow-up duration
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Humans, Pain Measurement, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Chronic Pain, Pain Management
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