Cited by 578Neuroscience and Neural EngineeringEEG and Brain-Computer InterfacesMotor Control and Adaptation

Emergence of a stable cortical map for neuroprosthetic control

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Ganguly, Karunesh, Carmena, Jose M.·2009·PLoS Biology

Abstract

Cortical control of neuroprosthetic devices is known to require neuronal adaptations. It remains unclear whether a stable cortical representation for prosthetic function can be stored and recalled in a manner that mimics our natural recall of motor skills. Especially in light of the mixed evidence for a stationary neuron-behavior relationship in cortical motor areas, understanding this relationship during long-term neuroprosthetic control can elucidate principles of neural plasticity as well as improve prosthetic function. Here, we paired stable recordings from ensembles of primary motor cortex neurons in macaque monkeys with a constant decoder that transforms neural activity to prosthetic movements. Proficient control was closely linked to the emergence of a surprisingly stable pattern of ensemble activity, indicating that the motor cortex can consolidate a neural representation for prosthetic control in the presence of a constant decoder. The importance of such a cortical map was evident in that small perturbations to either the size of the neural ensemble or to the decoder could reversibly disrupt function. Moreover, once a cortical map became consolidated, a second map could be learned and stored. Thus, long-term use of a neuroprosthetic device is associated with the formation of a cortical map for prosthetic function that is stable across time, readily recalled, resistant to interference, and resembles a putative memory engram.

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Authors
Ganguly, K., & Carmena, J. M.
Affiliations
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
  • University of California, Berkeley (US)
Corresponding author
Carmena, Jose M.
Venue
PLoS Biology
Published
2009-07-21
Volume
7
Issue
7
Pages
e1000153
ISSN
  • 1544-9173 (ISSN-L)
  • 1545-7885
OpenAlex
W2048272660
Cited by
578
References
51
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 44 · 2014: 58 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 42
FWCI
15.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • PLoS Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Hispana (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • American Heart Association
  • Christopher and Dana Reeve Foundation
  • American Stroke Association
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
Keywords
neuroprosthetic control, primary motor cortex, cortical maps, neuroplasticity, memory engrams, neural decoding, macaque
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain Mapping, Macaca, Motor Activity, Motor Cortex, Motor Neurons, Motor Skills, Neuronal Plasticity, Mental Recall, Time Factors, User-Computer Interface, Evoked Potentials, Motor, Prostheses and Implants

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