Internet interventions for depression: new developments
Open accessAbstract
A wide range of Internet interventions, mostly grounded in methods of cognitive behavioral therapy, have been developed and tested for several mental disorders. The evidence to date shows that these interventions are effective in reducing symptoms of depression. Metaanalyses report small-to-medium effect sizes when Internet interventions are delivered as stand-alone self-help interventions (d=0.25-0.36), and medium-to-large effect sizes when delivered as therapist-guided interventions (d=0.58-0.78), both compared with usual care. Only a minority of people suffering from depression receive adequate treatment, and Internet interventions might help bridge the large treatment gap. This review summarizes the current body of evidence and highlights pros and cons of Internet interventions. It also outlines how they could be implemented in mental health care systems and points out unresolved questions, as well as future directions, in this research field.
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mHealth is scalable, accessible, and maybe less stigmatizing than traditional treatment for youths because of anonymity and privacy.
“mHealth is scalable, accessible, and maybe less stigmatizing than traditional treatment for youths because of the level of anonymity and privacy [12].”
From A Smartphone Serious Game for Adolescents (Grow It! App): Development, Feasibility, and Acceptance Study (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
The “Advantages and challenges” section (page not provided) describes Internet interventions as accessible, usable at scale, and attractive to people who fear stigmatization because of their anonymity and privacy. It does not establish these advantages specifically for youths or for mHealth as a category, nor does it directly compare stigma with traditional treatment. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredUse of mHealth is flexible, independent of time and place, and can be at a self-determined pace, which is thought to enhance self-efficacy.
“Use is flexible, as it is independent of time and place and can be at a self-determined pace, which is thought to enhance self-efficacy [12].”
From A Smartphone Serious Game for Adolescents (Grow It! App): Development, Feasibility, and Acceptance Study (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
A growing body of research supports the efficacy of Internet-based interventions for the treatment of depression.
“A growing body of research supports the efficacy of Internet-based interventions (IBIs) for the treatment of depression (17, 20–24).”
Internet-based interventions have advantages over face-to-face therapy, including low threshold accessibility, flexible use, independence of time and place, self-determined pace, autonomy and privacy, and lower costs.
“Furthermore, internet-based interventions also showed advantages over face-to-face therapy, and the benefits mainly included low threshold accessibility, flexible use, independence of time and place, use at a self-determined pace, a high level of autonomy and privacy, and lower costs (Schröder et al., 2016).”
From Efficacy of internet-based integrated intervention on depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with COVID-19 (2020) · cites this paper as Schröder et al., 2016
Interventions fully or partially delivered through the Internet, especially those based on Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, are effective in treating different psychological disorders.
“Well-established evidence shows that interventions fully or partially delivered through the Internet (especially those based on Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)) are effective in treating different psychological disorders [8,9,10]”
Previous evidence suggests that selected interventions may be more effective than universal interventions.
“although, previous evidence suggests that selected interventions may be more effective than universal interventions [20,74,75].”
From Effectiveness of eHealth interventions for reducing mental health conditions in employees: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2017) · cites this paper as [74]
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- Authors
- Schröder, J., Berger, T., Westermann, S., Klein, J. P., & Moritz, S.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (DE)
- University of Bern (CH)
- University of Lübeck (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Schröder, Johanna
- Venue
- Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2016-06-30
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 203-212
- ISSN
- 1294-8322 (ISSN-L)
- 1958-5969
- PMC
- PMC4969707
- OpenAlex
- W2519351720
- Cited by
- 105
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 9
- FWCI
- 13.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Bern Open Repository and Information System (University of Bern) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- online intervention, depression, cognitive behavioral therapy, self-help intervention, therapist-guided intervention, treatment gap, mental health system, digital mental health
- MeSH terms
- Clinical Trials as Topic, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Depression, Humans, Internet
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