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Cited by 255Nutritional Studies and DietAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesFatty Acid Research and Health

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 177 of the 177 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Anti-Inflammatory Nutrients and Obesity-Associated Metabolic-Inflammation: State of the Art and Future Direction

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Grosso, Giuseppe, Laudisio, Daniela, Frias-Toral, Evelyn, Barrea, Luigi, Muscogiuri, Giovanna, Savastano, Silvia, Colao, Annamaria·2022·Nutrients
DOI 10.3390/nu14061137PMC PMC8954840
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Abstract

Growing evidence supports the hypothesis that dietary factors may play a role in systemic low-grade chronic inflammation. Summary evidence from randomized controlled trials has shown substantial effects on biomarkers of inflammation following the adoption of plant-based diets (including, but not limited to, the Mediterranean diet), while consistent findings have been reported for higher intakes of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables and positive trends observed for the consumption of legumes, pulses, nuts, and olive oil. Among animal food groups, dairy products have been shown to have the best benefits on biomarkers of inflammation, while red meat and egg have been shown to have neutral effects. The present review provides an overview of the mechanisms underlying the relation between dietary factors and immune system, with a focus on specific macronutrient and non-nutrient phytochemicals (polyphenols) and low-grade inflammation. Substantial differences within each macronutrient group may explain the conflicting results obtained regarding foods high in saturated fats and carbohydrates, underlying the role of specific subtypes of molecules (i.e., short-chain fatty acids or fiber vs. long chain fatty acids or free added sugars) when exploring the relation between diet and inflammation, as well as the importance of the food matrix and the commixture of foods in the context of whole dietary patterns. Dietary polyphenols and oligopeptides have been hypothesized to exert several functions, including the regulation of the inflammatory response and effects on the immune system. Overall, evidence suggests that dietary factors may affect the immune system regardless of obesity-related inflammation.

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Crossref · 10.3390/nu14061137

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Figure 1 Summary results from meta-analyses on C-reactive protein levels changes in dietary intervention trials.
Figure 1 Summary results from meta-analyses on C-reactive protein levels changes in dietary intervention trials.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Mechanisms of action related to the effects of the inflammatory pathways of saturated fatty acids on intestinal cells. Arrows denote increment/increase or decrement/decrease.
Figure 2 Mechanisms of action related to the effects of the inflammatory pathways of saturated fatty acids on intestinal cells. Arrows denote increment/increase or decrement/decrease.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 3 Mechanisms of action related to the inflammatory pathways of unsaturated fatty acids in adipocytes and macrophages. Arrows denote increment/increase or decrement/decrease.
Figure 3 Mechanisms of action related to the inflammatory pathways of unsaturated fatty acids in adipocytes and macrophages. Arrows denote increment/increase or decrement/decrease.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 4 Mechanisms of action related to the inflammatory pathways of protein-rich foods. Arrows denote increment/increase or decrement/decrease.
Figure 4 Mechanisms of action related to the inflammatory pathways of protein-rich foods. Arrows denote increment/increase or decrement/decrease.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 5 Mechanisms of action related to the inflammatory pathways of dietary carbohydrates. Arrows denote increment/increase or decrement/decrease.
Figure 5 Mechanisms of action related to the inflammatory pathways of dietary carbohydrates. Arrows denote increment/increase or decrement/decrease.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Metadata

Authors
Grosso, G., Laudisio, D., Frias-Toral, E., Barrea, L., Muscogiuri, G., Savastano, S., & Colao, A.
Affiliations
  • University of Catania (IT)
  • Federico II University Hospital (IT)
  • School of Medicine, Santiago de Guayaquil Catholic University, Av. Pdte. Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola, Guayaquil 090615, Ecuador
  • Pegaso University (IT)
Corresponding author
Muscogiuri, Giovanna
ORCID
Venue
Nutrients
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-03-08
Volume
14
Issue
6
Pages
1137
ISSN
2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/nu14061137
PMC
PMC8954840
OpenAlex
W4220747438
Cited by
255
References
177
Citations by year
2026: 59 · 2025: 89 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 9
FWCI
9.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Servier
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
Keywords
anti-inflammatory nutrients, obesity, low-grade inflammation, dietary polyphenols, plant-based diet, Mediterranean diet, whole grains, fruits and vegetables, Fabaceae, dairy products, red meat, macronutrients, short-chain fatty acids, dietary fiber, oligopeptides, food matrix, immune regulation, inflammatory markers
MeSH terms
Nutrients, Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Dietary Fiber, Inflammation, Obesity, Diet, Mediterranean

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