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Cited by 2,718Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationSpine and Intervertebral Disc PathologyHealthcare cost, quality, practices

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 189 of the 189 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain: a joint clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society.

Chou, Roger, Qaseem, Amir, Snow, Vincenza, Casey, Donald, Cross, J. Thomas, Shekelle, Paul, Owens, Douglas K., for the Clinical Efficacy Assessment Subcommittee of the American College of Physicians and the American College of Physicians/American Pain Society Low Back Pain Guidelines Panel*·2007·Annals of Internal Medicine
DOI 10.7326/0003-4819-147-7-200710020-00006
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Abstract

Recommendation 1: Clinicians should conduct a focused history and physical examination to help place patients with low back pain into 1 of 3 broad categories: nonspecific low back pain, back pain potentially associated with radiculopathy or spinal stenosis, or back pain potentially associated with another specific spinal cause. The history should include assessment of psychosocial risk factors, which predict risk for chronic disabling back pain (strong recommendation, moderate-quality evidence). Recommendation 2: Clinicians should not routinely obtain imaging or other diagnostic tests in patients with nonspecific low back pain (strong recommendation, moderate-quality evidence). Recommendation 3: Clinicians should perform diagnostic imaging and testing for patients with low back pain when severe or progressive neurologic deficits are present or when serious underlying conditions are suspected on the basis of history and physical examination (strong recommendation, moderate-quality evidence). Recommendation 4: Clinicians should evaluate patients with persistent low back pain and signs or symptoms of radiculopathy or spinal stenosis with magnetic resonance imaging (preferred) or computed tomography only if they are potential candidates for surgery or epidural steroid injection (for suspected radiculopathy) (strong recommendation, moderate-quality evidence). Recommendation 5: Clinicians should provide patients with evidence-based information on low back pain with regard to their expected course, advise patients to remain active, and provide information about effective self-care options (strong recommendation, moderate-quality evidence). Recommendation 6: For patients with low back pain, clinicians should consider the use of medications with proven benefits in conjunction with back care information and self-care. Clinicians should assess severity of baseline pain and functional deficits, potential benefits, risks, and relative lack of long-term efficacy and safety data before initiating therapy (strong recommendation, moderate-quality evidence). For most patients, first-line medication options are acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Recommendation 7: For patients who do not improve with self-care options, clinicians should consider the addition of nonpharmacologic therapy with proven benefits—for acute low back pain, spinal manipulation; for chronic or subacute low back pain, intensive interdisciplinary rehabilitation, exercise therapy, acupuncture, massage therapy, spinal manipulation, yoga, cognitive-behavioral therapy, or progressive relaxation (weak recommendation, moderate-quality evidence). * This paper, written by Roger Chou, MD; Amir Qaseem, MD, PhD, MHA; Vincenza Snow, MD; Donald Casey, MD, MPH, MBA; J. Thomas Cross Jr., MD, MPH; Paul Shekelle, MD, PhD; and Douglas K. Owens, MD, MS, was developed for the American College of Physicians' Clinical Efficacy Assessment Subcommittee and the American College of Physicians/American Pain Society Low Back Pain Guidelines Panel. For members of these groups, see end of text. Approved by the American College of Physicians Board of Regents on 14 July 2007. Approved by the American Pain Society Board Executive Committee on 18 July 2007.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.7326/0003-4819-147-7-200710020-00006

Cites

189 of 189 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

3 retracted

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 11

  1. Kerry S, 2002, Br J Gen Pract, 52, 469
  2. Vroomen PC, 2002, Br J Gen Pract, 52, 119
  3. Gibson JN, 2000, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, CD001350
  4. Gibson JN, 2005, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, CD001352
  5. Hagen KB, 2004, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, CD001254
  6. Hilde G, 2002, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, CD003632
  7. French SD, 2006, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, CD004750
  8. Towheed TE, 2003, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, CD004257
  9. Wegman A, 2004, J Rheumatol, 31, 344
  10. Gagnier JJ, 2006, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, CD004504
  11. Ostelo RW, 2005, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, CD002014

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Metadata

Authors
Chou, R., Qaseem, A., Snow, V., Casey, D., Cross, J. T., Shekelle, P., Owens, D. K., & for the Clinical Efficacy Assessment Subcommittee of the American College of Physicians and the American College of Physicians/American Pain Society Low Back Pain Guidelines Panel*
Affiliations
Oregon Health & Science University (US)
ORCID
Venue
Annals of Internal Medicine
Publisher
American College of Physicians
Published
2007-10-02
Volume
147
Issue
7
Pages
478-491
ISSN
  • 0003-4819 (ISSN-L)
  • 1539-3704
DOI
10.7326/0003-4819-147-7-200710020-00006
OpenAlex
W2124239698
Cited by
2,718
References
189
Citations by year
2026: 62 · 2025: 93 · 2024: 115 · 2023: 123 · 2022: 124 · 2021: 178 · 2020: 161 · 2019: 136 · 2018: 173 · 2017: 214 · 2016: 189 · 2015: 177 · 2014: 163 · 2013: 202 · 2012: 169
FWCI
57.61
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.acpjournals.org/journal/aim/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
Locations
  • Annals of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare cost, quality, practices
Keywords
low back pain, non-specific low back pain, radiculopathy, spinal stenosis, diagnostic imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, epidural steroid injection, self-care, exercise therapy, spinal manipulation, non-pharmacological treatment, psychosocial risk factors, paracetamol, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, interdisciplinary rehabilitation, acupuncture, cognitive behavioral therapy
MeSH terms
Diagnostic Imaging, Humans, Medical History Taking, Patient Education as Topic, Physical Examination, Self Care, Low Back Pain

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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