Relation of diabetes to mild cognitive impairment
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for Alzheimer disease and is more prevalent in elderly minority persons compared with non-Hispanic white persons. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether diabetes is related to a higher risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a transitional stage between normal cognition and Alzheimer disease, in a multiethnic cohort with a high prevalence of diabetes. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: Northern Manhattan in New York, NY. PARTICIPANTS: We studied persons without prevalent MCI or dementia at baseline and with at least 1 follow-up interval. Of 1772 participants with a complete neuropsychological evaluation, 339 (19.1%) were excluded because of prevalent dementia, 304 were excluded because of prevalent MCI (17.2%), and 211 were excluded because of loss to follow-up (11.9%), resulting in a final sample of 918 participants for longitudinal analyses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We related diabetes defined by self-report to incident all-cause MCI, amnestic MCI, and nonamnestic MCI. We conducted multivariate analyses with proportional hazards regression adjusting for age, sex, years of education, ethnic group, apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon4 allele, hypertension, low-density lipoprotein level, current smoking, heart disease, and stroke. RESULTS: A total of 334 persons had incident MCI, 160 (47.9%) had amnestic MCI, and 174 (52.1%) had nonamnestic MCI. Diabetes was related to a significantly higher risk of all-cause MCI and amnestic MCI after adjustment for all covariates. Diabetes was also related to a higher risk of nonamnestic MCI, but this association was appreciably attenuated after adjustment for socioeconomic variables and vascular risk factors. The risk of MCI attributable to diabetes was 8.8% for the whole sample and was higher for African American persons (8.4%) and Hispanic persons (11.0%) compared with non-Hispanic white persons (4.6%), reflecting the higher prevalence of diabetes in minority populations in the United States. CONCLUSION: Diabetes is related to a higher risk of amnestic MCI in a population with a high prevalence of this disorder.
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Older adults with diabetes have a higher risk of mild cognitive impairment than those without diabetes.
“Compared with older adults without diabetes, those with the disease are at an increased risk of mild cognitive impairment (114).”
From Psychosocial care for people with diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association (2016) · cites this paper as [114]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Luchsinger, J. A., Reitz, C., Patel, B., Tang, M.-X., Manly, J. J., & Mayeux, R.
- Venue
- Archives of Neurology
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2007-04-01
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 570
- ISSN
- 0003-9942 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2034664059
- Cited by
- 592
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 47 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 39
- FWCI
- 19.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (P01AG007232, K08AG020856, AG 07702, AG 07232, 1K08 AG 20856-01)
- National Center for Research Resources (RR 00645, M01RR000645)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, mild cognitive impairment, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease risk, racial and ethnic disparities, African Americans, Hispanic Americans, minority groups, vascular risk factors, socioeconomic factors
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analysis of Variance, Apolipoproteins E, Black or African American, Cognition Disorders, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Genotype, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, New York, Risk Factors, Cohort Studies, Prevalence, White People
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