Hyperinsulinemia and risk of Alzheimer disease

Luchsinger, Jose A.; Tang, Ming-Xin; Shea, Steven; Mayeux, Richard

doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000140292.04932.87

Cited by 683Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchAlzheimer's disease research and treatmentsDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

Hyperinsulinemia and risk of Alzheimer disease

Luchsinger, Jose A., Tang, Ming-Xin, Shea, Steven, Mayeux, Richard·2004·Neurology

DOI 10.1212/01.wnl.0000140292.04932.87

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between fasting insulin levels and dementia. METHODS: Fasting insulin levels were measured from frozen sera using solid-phase chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay in a sample of elderly subjects chosen at random from a cohort of persons aged 65 years and older from northern Manhattan. Dementia was diagnosed using standard methods. Neuropsychiatric testing was available on all subjects at each follow-up interval. RESULTS: A total of 683 subjects without prevalent dementia were followed for 3,691 person-years and 149 persons developed dementia (137 Alzheimer disease [AD], 6 dementia associated with stroke, 6 other). The risk of AD doubled in the 39% of the sample with hyperinsulinemia (HR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.5, 2.9) and was highest in people without diabetes. The HR relating presence of hyperinsulinemia or diabetes in 50% of our sample to AD was 2.2 (95% CI: 1.5, 3.1). The risk of AD attributable to the presence of hyperinsulinemia or diabetes was 39%. The HR of AD for the highest quartile of insulin compared to the lowest was 1.7 (95% CI: 1.0, 2.7; p for trend = 0.009). Hyperinsulinemia was also related to a significant decline in memory-related cognitive scores, but not to decline in other cognitive domains. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperinsulinemia is associated with a higher risk of AD and decline in memory.

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Metformin is efficacious in treating and preventing diabetes while reducing hyperinsulinemia.
“metformin, a medication efficacious in treating and preventing diabetes while reducing hyperinsulinemia”
From Metformin in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: Results of a Pilot Randomized Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
Metformin is a safe, inexpensive medication available in generic form with proven efficacy in treating and preventing type 2 diabetes through reduction of peripheral glucose and insulin levels.
“Metformin is a safe, inexpensive medication available in generic form with proven efficacy in treating and preventing T2D though the reduction of peripheral glucose and insulin levels [25, 26].”
From Metformin in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: Results of a Pilot Randomized Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial (2016) · cites this paper as [25]
Metformin reduces insulin levels.
“it clearly reduces insulin levels[25]”
From Metformin in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: Results of a Pilot Randomized Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial (2016) · cites this paper as [25]

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Authors: Luchsinger, J. A., Tang, M.-X., Shea, S., & Mayeux, R.
Affiliations: Columbia University (US)
ORCID: Luchsinger, Jose A.
Tang, Ming-Xin
Shea, Steven
Mayeux, Richard
Venue: Neurology
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2004-10-12
Volume: 63
Issue: 7
Pages: 1187-1192
ISSN: 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
1526-632X
DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000140292.04932.87
OpenAlex: W2058473463
Cited by: 683
References: 54
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 38
FWCI: 19.83
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Neurology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Aging (P01AG007232, K08AG020856, AG 07702, AG 07232, 1K08 AG 20856-01)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords: hyperinsulinemia, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, fasting insulin, diabetes mellitus, memory decline, cognitive decline, older adults, risk factors
MeSH terms: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Apolipoproteins E, Cognition, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dementia, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Humans, Hyperinsulinism, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Proportional Hazards Models, Odds Ratio, Stroke, Apolipoprotein E4

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Hyperinsulinemia and risk of Alzheimer disease

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