Cited by 224Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchAlzheimer's disease research and treatmentsCerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus

Biomarkers for the Early Detection and Progression of Alzheimer's Disease

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Counts, Scott E., Ikonomovic, Milos D., Mercado, Natosha, Vega, Irving E., Mufson, Elliott J.·2017·Neurotherapeutics

Abstract

The recent failures of potential disease-modifying drugs for Alzheimer's disease (AD) may reflect the fact that the enrolled participants in clinical trials are already too advanced to derive a clinical benefit. Thus, well-validated biomarkers for the early detection and accurate diagnosis of the preclinical stages of AD will be crucial for therapeutic advancement. The combinatorial use of biomarkers derived from biological fluids, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), with advanced molecular imaging and neuropsychological testing may eventually achieve the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity necessary to identify people in the earliest stages of the disease when drug modification is most likely possible. In this regard, positive amyloid or tau tracer retention on positron emission tomography imaging, low CSF concentrations of the amyloid-β 1-42 peptide, high CSF concentrations in total tau and phospho-tau, mesial temporal lobe atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging, and temporoparietal/precuneus hypometabolism or hypoperfusion on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography have all emerged as biomarkers for the progression to AD. However, the ultimate AD biomarker panel will likely involve the inclusion of novel CSF and blood biomarkers more precisely associated with confirmed pathophysiologic mechanisms to improve its reliability for detecting preclinical AD. This review highlights advancements in biological fluid and imaging biomarkers that are moving the field towards achieving the goal of a preclinical detection of AD.

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Crossref · 10.1007/s13311-016-0481-z

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Authors
Counts, S. E., Ikonomovic, M. D., Mercado, N., Vega, I. E., & Mufson, E. J.
Affiliations
  • Trinity Health Grand Rapids (US)
  • Michigan State University (US)
  • Barrow Neurological Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Mufson, Elliott J.
Venue
Neurotherapeutics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-01
Volume
14
Issue
1
Pages
35-53
ISSN
1878-7479 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2529983878
Cited by
224
References
296
Citations by year
2026: 23 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1
FWCI
1.62
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Neurotherapeutics (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute on Aging (AG043375, AG026032)
  • National Intitute on Aging (AG042146)
  • BNI Barrow and Beyond
  • Saint Mary’s Foundation
  • Miles for Memories of Battle Creek
  • National Insitute of Aging (PO1AG025204)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, biomarkers, early detection, preclinical Alzheimer's disease, disease progression, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, amyloid-beta 42, total tau, phosphorylated tau, amyloid PET, tau PET, FDG-PET, blood biomarkers
MeSH terms
Alzheimer Disease, Autoantibodies, Humans, Sensitivity and Specificity, Biomarkers, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Disease Progression, Inflammation Mediators, Early Diagnosis, Positron-Emission Tomography

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