The DOI matches its Crossref record; 204 of the 204 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The role of dopamine in locomotor activity and learning
Open accessAbstract
The discovery that the brain contains neurons utilizing dopamine (DA) as their transmitter has led to studies of the behavioral function of these neurons. Changes in overall level of activity of DA neurons appear to produce parallel changes in locomotor activity. Additionally, DA neurons seem to mediate in part the effects of biologically significant (reinforcing) stimuli on learning. One way in which reinforcing stimuli produce learning is to increase the incentive motivational (response-eliciting) properties of neutral stimuli associated with them; also, reinforcing stimuli maintain the incentive motivational properties of previously conditioned incentive stimuli. Normal DA functioning appears to be required for the establishment and maintenance of incentive learning in naive animals. Previous incentive learning in trained animals can influence behavior for a time even when the function of DA neurons is disrupted; however, with continued testing in the absence of normal DA functioning, previously established conditioned incentive stimuli cease to influence behavior. From these observations and recent physiological, anatomical and biochemical studies of DA systems it is suggested that the biological substrate of DA-mediated incentive learning is a heterosynaptic facilitation of muscarinic cholinergic synapses. This model has important clinical implications since it has been suggested that DA hyperfunctioning underlies the development of schizophrenia.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“These data strongly suggest that dopaminergic activity at the time of reward consumption is involved in incentive learning (for more evidence see Beninger, 1983); a”
From Dopamine reward circuitry: Two projection systems from the ventral midbrain to the nucleus accumbens–olfactory tubercle complex (2007) · cites this paper as Beninger, 1983
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Multiple receptors for dopamine
Kebabian, J. W., & Calne, D. B. (1979) · Nature · doi:10.1038/277093a0 · Cited by 3,756
The Psychology of Animal Learning
Hill, W. F., & Mackintosh, N. J. (1976) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1421765 · Cited by 2,397
The psychology of animal learning
Lea, S. E. G. (1975) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/0003-3472(75)90150-5 · Cited by 2,067
Relation of cue to consequence in avoidance learning
García, J., & Koelling, R. A. (1966) · Psychonomic Science · doi:10.3758/bf03342209 · Cited by 2,006
Seeman, P. M. (1980) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0031-6997(25)06839-5 · Cited by 1,888
Kelly, P. H., Seviour, P. W., & Iversen, S. D. (1975) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(75)90233-4 · Cited by 1,740
Cognitive Deficit Caused by Regional Depletion of Dopamine in Prefrontal Cortex of Rhesus Monkey
Brozoski, T. J., Brown, R. M., Rosvold, H. E., & Goldman, P. S. (1979) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.112679 · Cited by 1,500
Two-process learning theory: Relationships between Pavlovian conditioning and instrumental learning.
Rescorla, R. A., & Solomon, R. L. (1967) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0024475 · Cited by 1,487
The neurosciences. Third study program
(1975) · Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A Physiology · doi:10.1016/s0300-9629(75)80111-3 · Cited by 1,445
Reinforcement, expectancy, and learning.
Bolles, R. C. (1972) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0033120 · Cited by 1,091
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Beninger, 1981, The effects of food deprivation on pimozide-induced decreases in DRL responding, Neurosci. Lett., 375
- Irwin, 1961, Conditioned locomotor response with drug as the unconditioned stimulus: individual differences, Neuropsychopharmacology, 2, 151
- Keller, 1982, Changes in striatal dopamine release following various stimuli as monitored by in vivo voltammetry, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 8, 892
- Lyon, 1975, The action of central nervous system stimulant drugs: A general theory concerning amphetamine affects, Vol. 2, 79
- Routtenberg, 1973, Memory disruption by electrical stimulation of substantia nigra, pars compacta, Science, 171, 83, 10.1126/science.181.4094.83 · DOI
- Schwab, 1972, Akinesia paradoxica, Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 31, 87
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A neural substrate of prediction and reward
Schultz, W., Dayan, P., & Montague, P. R. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.275.5306.1593 · Cited by 9,388
The neural basis of drug craving: An incentive-sensitization theory of addiction
Robinson, T. (1993) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/0165-0173(93)90013-p · Cited by 7,346
Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons
Schultz, W. (1998) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.1.1 · Cited by 4,564
What is the role of dopamine in reward: hedonic impact, reward learning, or incentive salience?
Berridge, K. C., & Robinson, T. E. (1998) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(98)00019-8 · Cited by 4,127
Dopamine, learning and motivation.
Wise, R. A. (2004) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1406 · Cited by 3,379
A neuropsychological theory of positive affect and its influence on cognition.
Ashby, F. G., Isen, A. M., & Turken, A. U. (1999) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.106.3.529 · Cited by 2,270
Ikemoto, S. (2007) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2007.05.004 · Cited by 1,477
Ikemoto, S., & Panksepp, J. (1999) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(99)00023-5 · Cited by 1,450
Tonic dopamine: Opportunity costs and the control of response vigor
Niv, Y., Daw, N. D., Joel, D., & Dayan, P. (2007) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0502-4 · Cited by 1,133
Nucleus accumbens shell and core dopamine: differential role in behavior and addiction
Di Chiara, G. (2002) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0166-4328(02)00286-3 · Cited by 996
Substantia nigra/ventral tegmental reward prediction error disruption in psychosis
Murray, G. K., Corlett, P. R., Clark, L., Pessiglione, M., Blackwell, A. D., Honey, G., Jones, P. B., Bullmore, E. T., Robbins, T. W., & Fletcher, P. C. (2008) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4002058 · Cited by 532
Opponency revisited: competition and cooperation between dopamine and serotonin
Boureau, Y.-L., & Dayan, P. (2011) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2010.151 · Cited by 456
Garland, T., Schutz, H., Chappell, M. A., Keeney, B. K., Meek, T. H., Copes, L. E., Acosta, W., Drenowatz, C., Maciel, R. C., van Dijk, G., et al. (2011) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.048397 · Cited by 444
Coordinated and compartmentalized neuromodulation shapes sensory processing in Drosophila
Cohn, R., Morantte, I., & Ruta, V. (2015) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.11.019 · Cited by 430
Influence of Reward Expectation on Behavior-Related Neuronal Activity in Primate Striatum
Hollerman, J. R., Tremblay, L., & Schultz, W. (1998) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.2.947 · Cited by 380
Frey, U., Schroeder, H., & Matthies, H. (1990) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)91578-5 · Cited by 333
Dopaminergic correlates of motivated behavior: importance of drive
Wilson, C., Nomikos, G., Collu, M., & Fibiger, H. (1995) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.15-07-05169.1995 · Cited by 294
Salamone, J. D. (1992) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02245133 · Cited by 291
The dopaminergic mesencephalic projections to the hippocampal formation in the rat
Gasbarri, A., Sulli, A., & Packard, M. G. (1997) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0278-5846(96)00157-1 · Cited by 285
Wanat, M. J., Hopf, F. W., Stuber, G. D., Phillips, P. E. M., & Bonci, A. (2008) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2007.150078 · Cited by 256
DI CHIARA, G., TANDA, G., BASSAREO, V., PONTIERI, F., ACQUAS, E., FENU, S., CADONI, C., & CARBONI, E. (1999) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09283.x · Cited by 242
Speechley, W. J., Whitman, J. C., & Woodward, T. S. (2010) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1503/jpn.090025 · Cited by 202
Functional Specificity of Ventral Striatal Compartments in Appetitive Behaviors
KELLEY, A. E. (1999) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09262.x · Cited by 198
Twenty-Five Lessons from Computational Neuromodulation
Dayan, P. (2012) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.09.027 · Cited by 190
The anhedonia hypothesis: mark III.
Wise, R. A. (1985) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00020306 · Cited by 169
Luciana, M., Wahlstrom, D., Porter, J. N., & Collins, P. F. (2012) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0027432 · Cited by 156
Frey, S., & Frey, J. U. (2008) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(07)00007-6 · Cited by 139
Putting desire on a budget: dopamine and energy expenditure, reconciling reward and resources
Beeler, J. A., Frazier, C. R. M., & Zhuang, X. (2012) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2012.00049 · Cited by 136
Role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in regulating dopamine neuron activity
Faure, P., Tolu, S., Valverde, S., & Naudé, J. (2014) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.05.040 · Cited by 125
The role of the basal ganglia in category learning
Ashby, F. G., & Ennis, J. M. (2006) · Psychology of Learning and Motivation · doi:10.1016/s0079-7421(06)46001-1 · Cited by 120
Nair, S. G., Adams-Deutsch, T., Epstein, D. H., & Shaham, Y. (2009) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2009.05.003 · Cited by 112
Receptor subtype-specific dopaminergic agents and conditioned behavior
Beninger, R. J., Hoffman, D. C., & Mazurski, E. J. (1989) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(89)80019-3 · Cited by 109
Self-citationIntravenous cocaine-induced place preference: attenuation by haloperidol
Spyraki, C., Nomikos, G. G., & Varonos, D. D. (1987) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0166-4328(87)90016-7 · Cited by 87
White, N. M. (1986) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/0149-7634(86)90030-8 · Cited by 79
Nalini, K., Karanth, K. S., Rao, A., & Aroor, A. R. (1995) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/0378-8741(95)01264-e · Cited by 81
Reduced presynaptic dopamine activity in adolescent dorsal striatum
Matthews, M., Bondi, C., Torres, G., & Moghaddam, B. (2013) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2013.32 · Cited by 67
Stimulus-response and response-outcome learning mechanisms in the striatum
Horvitz, J. C. (2009) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2008.12.014 · Cited by 58
Gerdjikov, T. V., Rudolph, U., Keist, R., Möhler, H., Feldon, J., & Yee, B. K. (2008) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2007.06.003 · Cited by 43
A Rating Scale for Psychotic Symptoms (RSPS)
Chouinard, G., & Miller, R. (1999) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00012-2 · Cited by 26
HORVITZ, J. C., CHOI, W. Y., MORVAN, C., EYNY, Y., & BALSAM, P. D. (2007) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1390.017 · Cited by 26
McEwen (2004) · doi:10.1016/s1054-3589(04)50016-9 · Cited by 22
Metadata
- Authors
- Beninger, R. J.
- Affiliations
- Queen's University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Beninger, Richard J.
- Venue
- Brain Research Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1983-10
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 173-196
- ISSN
- 0165-0173 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2157844171
- Cited by
- 848
- References
- 204
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 2.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- Brain Research Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- QSpace (Queen's University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- dopamine, locomotor activity, incentive learning, incentive motivation, heterosynaptic facilitation, schizophrenia, dopaminergic neurons
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Association Learning, Dopamine, Learning, Locomotion, Motivation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
