The Motivational Underpinnings of Belief in God
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Personal justice motives likely contribute to the enduring plausibility of supernatural beliefs, which contributes to their spread alongside additional group-level benefits as karmic beliefs also encourage people to behave less selfishly and more generously towards others.
“These personal justice motives likely contribute to the enduring plausibility of these supernatural beliefs, which contributes to their spread alongside additional group-level benefits as karmic beliefs also encourage people to behave less selfishly and more generously towards others, in order to garner karmic rewards for themselves (Fitouchi & Singh, 2022;Laurin & Kay, 2017).”
From Victim blaming and belief in karma (2024) · cites this paper as Laurin & Kay, 2017
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Self-citationLoss of Control Increases Belief in Precognition and Belief in Precognition Increases Control
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Steps, stages, and structure: Finding compensatory order in scientific theories.
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Environmental Disorder Leads to Self-Regulatory Failure
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The Common Pain of Surrealism and Death
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Justice and self-interest: two fundamental motives
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In Search of the Silver Lining
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Self-citationA Relationship With God? Connecting with the Divine to Assuage Fears of Interpersonal Rejection
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Self-citationWhen and why does belief in a controlling God strengthen goal commitment?
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Culture, Control, and Illusory Pattern Perception
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Translating traumatic experiences into language: Implications for child abuse and long-term health.
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Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 212 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
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Rutjens, B. T., Heine, S. J., Sutton, R. M., & van Harreveld, F. (2017) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/bs.aesp.2017.08.001 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
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The Content and Correlates of Belief in Karma Across Cultures
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When Post Hoc Explanation Knocks: Consumer Responses to Explainable AI Recommendations
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Thinking about God increases acceptance of artificial intelligence in decision-making
Karataş, M., & Cutright, K. M. (2023) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2218961120 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
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When and why does belief in a controlling God strengthen goal commitment?
Landau, M. J., Khenfer, J., Keefer, L. A., Swanson, T., & Kay, A. C. (2017) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2017.11.012 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationCognitive Pathways to Belief in Karma and Belief in God
White, C., Willard, A. K., Baimel, A., & Ara Norenzayan, A. (2021) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/cogs.12935 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
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Karma and God: Convergent and divergent mental representations of supernatural norm enforcement.
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Zuhdiyah, Z., Darmayanti, K. K. H., & Khodijah, N. (2023) · Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal · doi:10.25217/igcj.v6i1.3551 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Truth and significance: a 3N model (needs, narratives, networks) perspective on religion
Szumowska, E., Czernatowicz-Kukuczka, A., Kossowska, M., Król, S., & Kruglanski, A. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817204-9.00017-2 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Existential uncertainty and religion
Engstrom, H. R., & Laurin, K. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817204-9.00018-4 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationStanley, M. L., & Kay, A. C. (2022) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2022.104302 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citation(2017) · OECD economic surveys. Austria · doi:10.1787/eco_surveys-aut-2017-graph59-en · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Seeking Structure in Collections: Desire for Control Motivates Engagement in Collecting
Cao, C. C., Brucks, M. L., & Reimann, M. (2024) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1093/jcr/ucae071 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Dare to know! The existential costs of a faith in science
Folk, D. P., Rutjens, B. T., van Elk, M., & Heine, S. J. (2024) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2024.2314294 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The Case for Heterogeneity in Metacognitive Appraisals of Biased Beliefs
Cusimano, C. (2024) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/10888683241251520 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The ego dampening influence of religion: evidence from behavioral genetics and psychology
Sasaki, J. Y., & Kim, H. S. (2020) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.08.007 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Victim blaming and belief in karma
White, C. J. M., & Willard, A. K. (2024) · Asian Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/ajsp.12654 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Do reminders of God increase willingness to take risks?
White, C., Dean, C., & Laurin, K. (2023) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104539 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationStorm, I., Rutjens, B. T., & van Harreveld, F. (2019) · Religion Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1080/2153599x.2019.1628100 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Willard, A. K., Cingl, L., & Norenzayan, A. (2018) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/cde63 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Cognitive pathways to belief in karma and belief in GodPreprint
White, C., Willard, A. K., Baimel, A., & Ara Norenzayan, A. (2020) · Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.31234/osf.io/39egn · Cited by 4 · see citing works
An ecology of meaning: An integrative framework for understanding human motivations
Heine, S. J., Folk, D. P., Guan, K., Benjamin, R., Bahng, J. M., & Proulx, T. (2024) · Advances in motivation science · doi:10.1016/bs.adms.2024.03.004 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Why Do Logically Incompatible Beliefs Seem Psychologically Compatible?
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Outsourcing punishment to karma: Thinking about karma reduces the punishment of transgressorsPreprint
Zhou, K. W., Baimel, A., & White, C. (2024) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/w5x23 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Zhu, J. Y., Hui, C.-M., Chen, S. X., & Guan, Y. (2021) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-01615-9 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Motivational Priorities Reflect Beliefs About God's Attributes
Nakkawita, E., & Heiphetz, L. (2023) · Social Cognition · doi:10.1521/soco.2023.41.3.239 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Belief in karma: how beliefs about moral causality shape social behavior
White, C. (2025) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2025.09.013 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Offloading punishment to karma: Thinking about karma reduces the punishment of transgressors
Zhou, K. W., Baimel, A., & White, C. (2025) · Evolution and Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106785 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Adebusuyi, A. S. (2023) · Africa Journal of Management · doi:10.1080/23322373.2022.2155114 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Jiao, L., Guo, Z., Zhao, J., & Xu, Y. (2025) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs15040400 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
A Framework for Analyzing Structural Mechanisms Deployed to Support Traditional and Agile Methods
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The Role of Structure-Seeking in Moral Punishment
Stanley, M. L., Huang, S., Marsh, E. J., & Kay, A. C. (2023) · Social Justice Research · doi:10.1007/s11211-023-00416-8
Self-citationDo reminders of God increase willingness to take risks?Preprint
White, C., Dean, C., & Laurin, K. (2023) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/h74a3
Self-citationIdeology, motivation, and consistency between beliefs and behaviors
Laurin, K., & Chua, K. Q. (2024) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/bs.aesp.2024.10.001
Self-citation
- Authors
- Laurin, K., & Kay, A. C.
- Affiliations
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Duke University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kay, Aaron C.
- Venue
- Advances in Experimental Social Psychology
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Published
- 2017
- Pages
- 201-257
- ISSN
- 0065-2601 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2604551361
- Cited by
- 38
- References
- 212
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4
- FWCI
- 21.23
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Advances in experimental social psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Study and Philosophy of Religion
- Keywords
- belief in God, motivated beliefs, need for structure, evolution of religious belief
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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