Intermittent Fasting Promotes White Adipose Browning and Decreases Obesity by Shaping the Gut Microbiota
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Gut microbiota regulates whole‐body energy homeostasis in response to cold, nutrition, or fasting/feeding cycles through the production of SCFAs and secondary BAs.
“Furthermore, gut microbiota has been described in the past two decades as a very important player in the regulation of whole‐body energy homeostasis, in response to diverse stimuli such as cold 165, 166, nutrition 167, 168, or fasting/feeding cycles 168, 169, 170, through the production of mediators such as short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and secondary BAs 167, 169.”
From Inter‐organ communication: a gatekeeper for metabolic health (2019) · cites this paper as [170]
Cites
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Self-citationPredictive functional profiling of microbial communities using 16S rRNA marker gene sequences
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Host-gut microbiota metabolic interactions
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Beige Adipocytes Are a Distinct Type of Thermogenic Fat Cell in Mouse and Human
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MetaPhlAn2 for enhanced metagenomic taxonomic profiling
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InfluentialSelf-citationInagaki, T., Dutchak, P., Zhao, G., Ding, X., Gautron, L., Parameswara, V., Li, Y., Goetz, R., Mohammadi, M., Esser, V., et al. (2007) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.05.003 · Cited by 1,504 · cited 2× · see citing works
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Transkingdom Control of Microbiota Diurnal Oscillations Promotes Metabolic Homeostasis
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“Previous studies revealed that fasting and feeding rhythms significantly alter the gut microbiota (Secor and Carey, 2016; Thaiss et al., 2014) and that major changes in microbiota composition can directly promote WAT beiging (Chevalier et al., 2015).”
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Promoting Health and Longevity through Diet: From Model Organisms to Humans
Fontana, L., & Partridge, L. (2015) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.02.020 · Cited by 1,245 · cited 1× · see citing works
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Brown and Beige Fat: Physiological Roles beyond Heat Generation
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“Non-shivering thermogenesis is mainly mediated by activating brown and/or beige adipocytes (Harms and Seale, 2013; Kajimura et al., 2015).”
InfluentialGut Microbiota Orchestrates Energy Homeostasis during Cold
Chevalier, C., Stojanović, O., Colin, D. J., Suarez-Zamorano, N., Tarallo, V., Veyrat-Durebex, C., Rigo, D., Fabbiano, S., Stevanović, A., Hagemann, S., et al. (2015) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.11.004 · Cited by 829 · cited 9× · see citing works
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InfluentialAdaptive thermogenesis in adipocytes: Is beige the new brown?
Wu, J., Cohen, P., & Spiegelman, B. M. (2013) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.211649.112 · Cited by 828 · see citing works
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“Emerging evidence suggests that non-shivering thermogenesis can re-establish energy balance and therefore counter the effects of elevated energy intake (Cannon and Nedergaard, 2011).”
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Self-citationUCP1 in Brite/Beige Adipose Tissue Mitochondria Is Functionally Thermogenic
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“…or EODF/MT (EODF versus AL or EODF/MT versus AL/MT drunk with the same water), and red letters show the effects of microbiota depletion (AB versus CV within the same feeding regimen). promote thermogenesis and suppresses obesity (Ishibashi and Seale, 2010; Shabalina et al., 2013; Wu et al., 2012).”
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“Gut Microbiota Contribute to the Beneficial Effects of EODF on DIO Mice Gut microbiota play a critical role in energy metabolism and lipid homeostasis, and germfree or microbiota-depleted rodents have decreased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity andmetabolic syndrome (B€ ackhed et al., 2007; Rabot et al., 2010; Su…”
Circulating FGF21 Is Liver Derived and Enhances Glucose Uptake During Refeeding and Overfeeding
Markan, K. R., Naber, M. C., Ameka, M. K., Anderegg, M. D., Mangelsdorf, D. J., Kliewer, S. A., Mohammadi, M., & Potthoff, M. J. (2014) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db14-0595 · Cited by 590 · cited 13× · see citing works
“In addition, PPARa is known to mediate acute fasting-induced upregulation of both hepatic Fgf21 mRNA and circulating FGF21 protein levels (Montagner et al., 2016).”
InfluentialIntestine-selective farnesoid X receptor inhibition improves obesity-related metabolic dysfunction
Jiang, C., Xie, C., Lv, Y., Li, J., Krausz, K. W., Shi, J., Brocker, C. N., Desai, D., Amin, S. G., Bisson, W. H., et al. (2015) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms10166 · Cited by 559 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Although many agents and treatments were reported to induce browning (Bonet et al., 2013; Jiang et al., 2015; Wu et al., 2013), it is unclear how these approaches can translate to clinically relevant therapies for human metabolic disease (Nedergaard and Cannon, 2014).”
Self-citationDutchak, P. A., Katafuchi, T., Bookout, A. L., Choi, J. H., Yu, R. T., Mangelsdorf, D. J., & Kliewer, S. A. (2012) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.11.062 · Cited by 537 · cited 2× · see citing works
“EODF-Induced WAT Beiging is Independent of FGF21 Signaling In addition to b-AR signaling, FGF21 is another classical signaling hormone known to regulate WAT browning (Dutchak et al., 2012; Harms and Seale, 2013) and the adaptive fasting response (Inagaki et al.”
The Browning of White Adipose Tissue: Some Burning Issues
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“Given current thinking that adult humans do not have active BAT (Kajimura et al., 2015; Nedergaard and Cannon, 2014), conversion of white fat to beige fat rather than BAT activation would hold more therapeutic potential.”
Gut microbiota composition and activity in relation to host metabolic phenotype and disease risk
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“Gut Microbiota Orchestrates EODF-Induced WAT Beiging Recently, correlative evidence revealed a metabolic interaction between the gut microbial communities and the host, and gut bacteria have an important role in the regulation of brown and beige adipose tissues (Chevalier et al., 2015; Holmes et al., 2012; Mestdagh et…”
Genetic and functional characterization of clonally derived adult human brown adipocytes
Shinoda, K., Luijten, I. H. N., Hasegawa, Y., Hong, H., Sonne, S. B., Kim, M., Xue, R., Chondronikola, M., Cypess, A. M., Tseng, Y., et al. (2015) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3819 · Cited by 428 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Brown adipocyte activation by cold exposure or by b-AR agonists is clinically non-feasible, and adult human BAT is largely composed of beige-like adipocytes (Shinoda et al., 2015).”
Microbiota depletion promotes browning of white adipose tissue and reduces obesity
Suárez-Zamorano, N., Fabbiano, S., Chevalier, C., Stojanović, O., Colin, D. J., Stevanović, A., Veyrat-Durebex, C., Tarallo, V., Rigo, D., Germain, S., et al. (2015) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3994 · Cited by 403 · cited 3× · see citing works
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InfluentialINTERMITTENT FASTING AND HUMAN METABOLIC HEALTH
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“In contrast, intermittent fasting (including EODF) has been practiced in humans, especially in certain religious groups (Patterson et al., 2015), for centuries and has been proven to benefit body composition and health (Eshghinia and Mohammadzadeh, 2013; López-Bueno et al., 2014; Patterson et al.,…”
InfluentialBrown adipose tissue in the parametrial fat pad of the mouse
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“Cold acclimation was originally found to increase the number of brown adipocytes in the parametrical fat pad in mice (Young et al., 1984).”
Altered Microbiota Contributes to Reduced Diet-Induced Obesity upon Cold Exposure
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Pharmacological and nutritional agents promoting browning of white adipose tissue
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“Intriguingly, recent studies indicate that both acetate and lactate are beiging inducers (Hanatani et al., 2016; Kim et al., 2017; Sahuri-Arisoylu et al., 2016).”
Fat cells directly sense temperature to activate thermogenesis
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“In addition, PPARa is known to mediate acute fasting-induced upregulation of both hepatic Fgf21 mRNA and circulating FGF21 protein levels (Montagner et al., 2016).”
InfluentialIntegration of body temperature into the analysis of energy expenditure in the mouse
Abreu-Vieira, G., Xiao, C., Gavrilova, O., & Reitman, M. L. (2015) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2015.03.001 · Cited by 221 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Indirect calorimetry was performed on mice after 14 cycles of EODF treatment using a 12-chamber Environment Controlled CLAMS (Columbus Instruments, Columbus, OH) with one mouse/chamber as previously described (Abreu-Vieira et al., 2015).”
Self-citationExercise as a new physiological stimulus for brown adipose tissue activity
Matteis, R. D., Lucertini, F., Guescini, M., Polidori, E., Zeppa, S. D., Stocchi, V., Cinti, S., & Cuppini, R. (2012) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2012.01.013 · Cited by 204 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Given recent evidence that the expression of Mct1 is controlled by physiological stimuli of beiging (Carrière et al., 2014; De Matteis et al., 2013), the selective upregulation of Mct1 was noted in inguinal WAT, but not in the BAT of either long-term or short-term EODF-treated mice (Figures 4E–4G).”
Eshghinia, S., & Mohammadzadeh, F. (2013) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1186/2251-6581-12-4 · Cited by 146 · cited 2× · see citing works
“, 2015), for centuries and has been proven to benefit body composition and health (Eshghinia and Mohammadzadeh, 2013; López-Bueno et al., 2014; Patterson et al., 2015).”
β-Adrenergic Receptors and Regulation of Energy Expenditure: A Family Affair
Robidoux, J., Martin, T. L., & Collins, S. (2004) · The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121659 · Cited by 130 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Different lowercase letters indicate different statistical significance by two-tailed unpaired t test: a, p < 0.05; b, p < 0.01; c, p < 0.005; and d, p < 0.001 versus AL. still the prototypical pathway and currently the most intensely studied (Robidoux et al., 2004; Susulic et al., 1995).”
InfluentialSivitz, W. I., Fink, B. D., & Donohoue, P. A. (1999) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.140.4.6668 · Cited by 104 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Most fasting-related studies have focused on BAT, but not subcutaneous WAT, revealing that fasting suppresses both BAT UCP1 expression and norepinephrineinduced thermogenesis (Desautels and Dulos, 1988; Hayashi and Nagasaka, 1983; Sivitz et al., 1999).”
Gut microbiota modulate the metabolism of brown adipose tissue in mice
Mestdagh, R., Dumas, M.-E., Rezzi, S., Kochhar, S., Holmes, E., Claus, S. P., & Nicholson, J. K. (2012) · Journal of Proteome Research · doi:10.1021/pr200938v · Cited by 97 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Gut Microbiota Orchestrates EODF-Induced WAT Beiging Recently, correlative evidence revealed a metabolic interaction between the gut microbial communities and the host, and gut bacteria have an important role in the regulation of brown and beige adipose tissues (Chevalier et al., 2015; Holmes et al., 2012; Mestdagh et…”
Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis
Mund, R. A., & Frishman, W. H. (2013) · Cardiology in Review · doi:10.1097/crd.0b013e31829cabff · Cited by 76 · cited 2× · see citing works
“The mechanism by which EODF induces higher energy expenditure might differ from that of cold exposure; cold exposure is closely tied to b-AR signaling (Cypess et al., 2015; Mund and Frishman, 2013), while fasting is known to suppress norepinephrine turnover (Knehans and Romsos, 1983) and norepinephrine-induced thermog…”
Hanatani, S., Motoshima, H., Takaki, Y., Kawasaki, S., Igata, M., Matsumura, T., Kondo, T., Senokuchi, T., Ishii, N., Kawashima, J., et al. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition · doi:10.3164/jcbn.16-23 · Cited by 73 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Intriguingly, recent studies indicate that both acetate and lactate are beiging inducers (Hanatani et al., 2016; Kim et al., 2017; Sahuri-Arisoylu et al., 2016).”
Age-Related Topographical Metabolic Signatures for the Rat Gastrointestinal Contents
Tian, Y., Zhang, L., Wang, Y., & Tang, H. (2011) · Journal of Proteome Research · doi:10.1021/pr2011507 · Cited by 71 · cited 2× · see citing works
“The cecal content samples for NMRwas prepared as previously described (Tian et al., 2012).”
Self-citationPatel, D. P., Krausz, K. W., Xie, C., Beyoğlu, D., Gonzalez, F. J., & Idle, J. R. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0177953 · Cited by 66 · cited 3× · see citing works
“The residue was dissolved in methanol: H2O (80:20, v/v, pH 2-3) and injected into the GC–MS.”
InfluentialSelf-citationKim, N., Nam, M., Kang, M. S., Lee, J. O., Lee, Y. W., Hwang, G., & Kim, H. S. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep41066 · Cited by 65 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Intriguingly, recent studies indicate that both acetate and lactate are beiging inducers (Hanatani et al., 2016; Kim et al., 2017; Sahuri-Arisoylu et al., 2016).”
Norepinephrine turnover in obese (ob/ob) mice: effects of age, fasting, and acute cold.
Knehans, A., & Romsos, D. (1983) · American Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1983.244.6.e567 · Cited by 54 · cited 2× · see citing works
“, 2015; Mund and Frishman, 2013), while fasting is known to suppress norepinephrine turnover (Knehans and Romsos, 1983) and norepinephrine-induced thermogenesis in BAT (Hayashi and Nagasaka, 1983).”
Suppression of norepinephrine-induced thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue by fasting.
Hayashi, M., & Nagasaka, T. (1983) · American Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1983.245.6.e582 · Cited by 40 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Most fasting-related studies have focused on BAT, but not subcutaneous WAT, revealing that fasting suppresses both BAT UCP1 expression and norepinephrineinduced thermogenesis (Desautels and Dulos, 1988; Hayashi and Nagasaka, 1983; Sivitz et al., 1999).”
Integrative Physiology of Fasting
Secor, S. M., & Carey, H. V. (2016) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/j.2040-4603.2016.tb00693.x · Cited by 34 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Previous studies revealed that fasting and feeding rhythms significantly alter the gut microbiota (Secor and Carey, 2016; Thaiss et al., 2014) and that major changes in microbiota composition can directly promote WAT beiging (Chevalier et al., 2015).”
Histochemical demonstration of monocarboxylate transporters in mouse brown adipose tissue
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“In addition, both BAT and WAT express protonlinked monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) encoded by Mct1, which drives acetate and lactate transport across the plasma membrane of adipocytes (den Besten et al., 2013; Iwanaga et al., 2009).”
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Effects of repeated cycles of fasting-refeeding on brown adipose tissue composition in mice.
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“Most fasting-related studies have focused on BAT, but not subcutaneous WAT, revealing that fasting suppresses both BAT UCP1 expression and norepinephrineinduced thermogenesis (Desautels and Dulos, 1988; Hayashi and Nagasaka, 1983; Sivitz et al., 1999).”
A metabolic bridge between microbiota and humans
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“Recent studies have shown that interactions between the host and gut microbiota affect many aspects of energy metabolism (Takeda, 2016).”
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The links between gut microbiota and obesity and obesity related diseases
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Dietary betaine prevents obesity through gut microbiota-drived microRNA-378a family
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“, microbiota-depleted mice were resistant to IF-induced browning of white adipose tissue, while FMT from IF-treated mice to microbiota-depleted mice activated browning of white adipose cells [14].”
InfluentialExploring the gut microbiota: lifestyle choices, disease associations, and personal genomics
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“Intermittent fasting, an eating pattern composed of periods of fasting alternated with period of eating, has been linked to gut microbiota changes in mice and health promoting effects in humans (260–262).”
The beneficial effects of brown adipose tissue transplantation
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“, 2014), intermittent fasting (Li et al., 2017), and noradrenergic stimulation using p3 agonists such as CL316243 (Himms-Hagen et al.”
Resident and migratory adipose immune cells control systemic metabolism and thermogenesis
Man, K., Kallies, A., & Vasanthakumar, A. (2021) · Cellular and Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41423-021-00804-7 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
“Intermittent fasting, while acting on the IL-4/IL-13 signaling cascade, also influences microbiota composition and enhances hepatic production of FGF21 to increase beiging in a PPARα-dependent manner [117].”
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Liu, X., Zhang, Z., Song, Y., Xie, H., & Dong, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.1065263 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
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“BAT activation increases energy expenditure by triggering thermogenesis, which seems to have evolved into a promising avenue for the treatment of metabolic diseases [5].”
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The Influence of Nutrition on Intestinal Permeability and the Microbiome in Health and Disease
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“The role of the microbiome is supported by the fact that this metabolic profile has been transmitted to microbiota-depleted mice via fecal microbiota transplantation (177).”
The antitumour effects of caloric restriction are mediated by the gut microbiome
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Dissociation of Adaptive Thermogenesis from Glucose Homeostasis in Microbiome-Deficient Mice
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Intermittent fasting increases energy expenditure and promotes adipose tissue browning in mice
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“So the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes increased which improved beiging of white adipose tissue and subsequently ameliorated metabolic disorders [29].”
Gut Microbiota and Relevant Metabolites Analysis in Alcohol Dependent Mice
Wang, G., Liu, Q., Guo, L., Zeng, H., Ding, C., Zhang, W., Xu, D., Wang, X., Qiu, J., Dong, Q., et al. (2018) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01874 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
“With the interest in GM in recently years, many evidences indicated that GM were closely related to the immune system, nervous system, obesity and diabetes, and damaging GM would lead to severe pathologies, metabolic disease, cancer and irritable bowel syndrome (Ijssennagger et al., 2015; Nakatsu et al., 2015; Kim et…”
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Intermittent fasting influences immunity and metabolism
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Self-citationPushing the Limits of Cancer Therapy: The Nutrient Game
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“More recently, it has been demonstrated that alternate day fasting shifts the gut microbiota composition from Bacteroides to Firmicutes leading to elevation of the fermentation products (123).”
Khan, M. N., Khan, S. I., Rana, M. I., Ayyaz, A., Khan, M. Y., & Imran, M. (2022) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.922727 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
“Gonzalez’s group has recently demonstrated in mice that intermittent calorie restriction activates brown adipose tissue and ameliorates obesity by most likely modulating the composition of gut microbiota (Li et al., 2017).”
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“Mechanistically, decreases in glucose concentrations, insulin resistance, cholesterol, weight, and white fat tissue have been observed in fasting animal studies [2].”
Zhang, Y., Pan, H., Ye, X., & Chen, S. (2022) · Food & Function · doi:10.1039/d1fo04147a · Cited by 48 · see citing works
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“Additionally, the function of brown adipocytes (minority adipocytes with irreplaceable roles) and metabolically beneficial effects of white adipocyte browning have attracted broad attention [28,29].”
Enterorenal crosstalks in diabetic nephropathy and novel therapeutics targeting the gut microbiota
Ni, Y., Zheng, L., Nan, S., Ke, L., Fu, Z., & Jin, J. (2022) · Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica · doi:10.3724/abbs.2022140 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“Dietary therapy Experiments in animals have suggested that the benefits of intermittent fasting against a variety of metabolic diseases may be partly related to improving gut microbiota composition [95,96].”
Food withdrawal alters the gut microbiota and metabolome in mice
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“This observation was consistent with a recent study reporting that intermittent foodwithdrawal treatment resulted in a shift in the gutmicrobiota composition, leading to elevation of the fermentation product lactate and to the selective upregulation ofmonocarboxylate transporter 1 expression in beige cells (47).”
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“Furthermore, an earlier study pointed out that IF promoted white adipose browning and decreased obesity by shaping the gut flora (4).”
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Intermittent Fasting Regulates Metabolic Homeostasis and Improves Cardiovascular Health
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“Through its effects on the microbiome composition, IF enhances epithelial barrier function, prevents in fl ammation, and promotes WAT browning [96, 107, 108].”
Oral L-Glutamine Pretreatment Attenuates Skeletal Muscle Atrophy Induced by 24-h Fasting in Mice
de Vasconcelos, D. A. A., Giesbertz, P., de Souza, D. R., Vitzel, K. F., Abreu, P., Marzuca-Nassr, G. N., Fortes, M. A. S., Murata, G. M., Hirabara, S. M., Curi, R., et al. (2019) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.05.010 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
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Protein‐Bound β‐glucan from Coriolus Versicolor has Potential for Use Against Obesity
Li, X., Chen, P., Zhang, P., Chang, Y. E., Cui, M., & Duan, J. (2019) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.201801231 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
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Understanding interactions among diet, host and gut microbiota for personalized nutrition
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Health Benefits of Intermittent Fasting
Reddy, B. L., Reddy, V. S., & Saier, M. H. (2024) · Microbial Physiology · doi:10.1159/000540068 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“Mice on an every-other-day fasting regimen selectively activate beige fat thermogenesis and alleviate obesity-related metabolic diseases, likely via the microbiota-beige-fat axis [10].”
Mani, K. M., Javaheri, A., & Diwan, A. (2018) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c180005 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Intermittent Fasting as a Treatment for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: What Is the Evidence?
Memel, Z. N., Wang, J. Y., & Corey, K. E. (2022) · Clinical Liver Disease · doi:10.1002/cld.1172 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Intermittent fasting protects against food allergy in a murine model via regulating gut microbiota
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“In addition, IF increased the OTU abundance of Firmicutes, while decreasing the OUT abundance of most other phyla in obesity (38).”
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He, Y., Zhang, R., Yu, L., Zahr, T., Li, X., Kim, T., & Qiang, L. (2023) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells12101424 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“Additionally, it is worth mentioning that there is increased lipid accumulation in BAT upon IF (Figure S1G), in line with a mild increase in BAT mass after IF [25].”
Osada, Y., Nakagawa, S., Ishibe, K., Takao, S., Shimazaki, A., Itohara, K., Imai, S., Yonezawa, A., Nakagawa, T., & Matsubara, K. (2021) · American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00111.2021 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Control of Adipose Cell Browning and Its Therapeutic Potential
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“In support of these findings, several studies have shown that acetate increases the activity of brown fat and induces the formation of beige adipocytes [223,224].”
Rong, B., Wu, Q., Saeed, M., & Sun, C. (2021) · Animal nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2021.09.009 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“published papers, suggesting that gut microbiota holds huge potential for reflecting IF-mediated positive influence (Barton et al., 2018; Maria Carlota Dao et al., 2016; Li et al., 2017).”
InfluentialIntermittent fasting causes metabolic stress and leucopenia in young mice
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Factors that affect the translation of dietary restriction into a longer life
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Loss of Sirt6 in adipocytes impairs the ability of adipose tissue to adapt to intermittent fasting
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“Gut microbiota can affect fat accumulation by regulating the degree of whitening browning [79, 80] and regulating the expression levels of fat metabolism-related genes [81] (Fiaf, Acc1, and Fas).”
BackgroundSang, X., Li, S., Guo, R., Yan, Q., Liu, C., Zhang, Y., Lv, Q., Wu, L., Ma, J., You, W., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1265425 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“In humans, intermittent fasting can activate white adipose browning to ameliorate obesity (Li et al., 2017), inhibit the proliferation of colorectal cancer (Weng et al., 2020), and improve metabolic abnormalities and healthspan (Etemadifar et al., 2016; Mattson et al., 2017; De Cabo and Mattson,…”
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Common traits between the beige fat-inducing stimuli
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Intermittent fasting promotes rejuvenation of immunosenescent phenotypes in aged adipose tissue
Ealey, K. N., Togo, J., Lee, J. H., Patel, Y., Kim, J.-R., Park, S., & Sung, H. (2024) · GeroScience · doi:10.1007/s11357-024-01093-4 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Previous studies have suggested that IF regimens increase energy expenditure (EE) and promote thermogenesis in younger animals [24, 32, 33].”
Vo, N., Zhang, Q., & Sung, H. (2024) · Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.3389/jpps.2024.13062 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
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Self-citationCrosstalk between adipose tissue and the microbiota-gut-brain axis in metabolic diseases
Yu, Z.-W., Wang, Y., Yu, Z. H., Lu, M., & Xu, B. (2022) · International Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijbs.68786 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Li and colleagues found that every-other-day fasting (EODF) altered the composition of the intestinal microbiota, resulting in increased levels of the fermentation products acetic acid and lactic acid, which promote the development of browning of WAT into beige adipose tissue, and eventually ameliorate obesity, insuli…”
The Microbiome and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Beyoğlu, D., & Idle, J. R. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26072882 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Short-term fasting reshapes fat tissue
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“For decades, the beneficial effects of IF on metabolic diseases in humans and animals have been demonstrated, but very few articles have attempted to clarify the under‐ lying mechanism [5, 6].”
InfluentialA review of the role of intermittent fasting in the management of inflammatory bowel disease
Lavallee, C. M., Bruno, A., Ma, C., & Raman, M. (2023) · Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1177/17562848231171756 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Shi, L., Yang, J., Tao, Z., Zheng, L., Bui, T. F., Alonso, R. L., Yue, F., & Cheng, Z. (2024) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20230973 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Ortiz-Alvarez, L., Acosta, F. M., Xu, H., Sánchez‐Delgado, G., Vilchez‐Vargas, R., Link, A., Plaza‐Díaz, J., Elvira, J. M. L., Gil, Á., Labayen, I., et al. (2022) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-022-01936-x · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Zhang, Z., Kong, A. P. S., Wong, V. W., & Hui, X. H. (2025) · Cell & Bioscience · doi:10.1186/s13578-025-01406-w · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Similarly, Li et al. found that fasting significantly improved obesity, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis [32].”
Gut Dysbiosis–Induced Hypertension Is Ameliorated by Intermittent Fasting
Touyz, R. M. (2021) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.121.319147 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Wang, J., Zhao, X., Zhou, R.-H., Wang, M., Xiang, W., You, Z., Li, M., Tang, R., Zheng, J., Li, J., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1206909 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“, 2021, 2022), obese (Li et al., 2017; Deng et al., 2020; Liu et al., 2021a), or diabetic (Liu et al.”
Systems-wide effects of short-term feed deprivation in obese mice
Andersen, D., Roager, H. M., Zhang, L., Moll, J. M., Frandsen, H. L., Danneskiold‐Samsøe, N. B., Hansen, A. K., Kristiansen, K., Licht, T. R., & Brix, S. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-85020-z · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The gut’s feeling on bile acid signaling in NAFLD
Chiang, J. Y. L. (2018) · HepatoBiliary Surgery and Nutrition · doi:10.21037/hbsn.2018.01.02 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“High fat diets, circadian disruption, time of feeding/fasting, drugs and hormones can shape gut microbiota to alter bile acid composition and signaling and metabolic disorders such as NAFLD (8,12).”
Alashti, F. A., & Goliaei, B. (2025) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2025.177651 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Hua, L., Zhao, L., Mao, Z., Li, W., Li, J., Jiang, X., Che, L., Xu, S., Lin, Y., Fang, Z., et al. (2021) · Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology/Journal of animal science and biotechnology · doi:10.1186/s40104-021-00564-4 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Gut microbiota has been recognized as an important factor in regulating host metabolism through SCFAs [10, 29, 30], which stimulated us to test the effect of MF on SCFAs production in feces.”
InfluentialBello, A. D., Scala, A., Gili, R., Falcicchia, R., Bassolino, A., Polidori, S., D’Auria, F., Tortora, G., Bossi, P., & Cassano, A. (2026) · Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology · doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2025.105108 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Diet-Induced Alterations in Gut Microbiota Composition and Function
Rinninella, E., Cintoni, M., Raoul, P. C., Ianiro, G., Laterza, L., Ponziani, F. R., Pulcini, G., Gasbarrini, A., & Mele, M. C. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819265-8.00035-8 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Jiang, X., Lin, J., Dong, M., Liu, X., Huang, Y., Zhang, H., Ye, R., Zhou, H., Yan, C., Yuan, S., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.950619 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Elmajnoun, H. K., Elhag, M. R. A., Mohamed, H., Haris, P. I., & Abu-Median, A.-B. (2020) · Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.18502/sjms.v15i5.7147 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Farklı Diyet Modellerinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyotası Üzerine Etkisi
Ayyıldız, F., & Yıldıran, H. (2019) · Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.33076/2019.bdd.1161 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Ayrıca bu diyetin bej yağ dokusunu bağırsak mikrobiyotasındaki değişiklikle aktive edebileceği bildirilmiştir (36).”
Maternal Intermittent Fasting Before Mating Alters Hepatic DNA Methylation in Offspring
Yin, W., Liang, Y. J., Sun, L., Yin, Y., & Zhang, W. (2021) · Epigenomics · doi:10.2217/epi-2020-0403 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Gul, F., Herrema, H., Ameer, A., Davids, M., Nasir, A., Gerasimidis, K., Ijaz, U. Z., & Javed, S. (2025) · Frontiers in Systems Biology · doi:10.3389/fsysb.2025.1622753 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“In addition, intermittent fasting also improves blood pressure regulation and cardiovascular health, increases renal function, and lowers brain natriuretic peptide levels (Khan et al., 2022; Li et al., 2017).”
Grez, C., Vega, Á., & Araya, M. (2019) · Revista médica de Chile · doi:10.4067/s0034-98872019000901167 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Fasting and metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and Meta-analyses
Li, X., Nian, B., Li, R., Cao, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Y., & Xu, Y.-J. (2024) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2022.2119362 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Bali, P., Lal, P., Sivapuram, M. S., Kutikuppala, L. V. S., Avti, P., Chanana, A., Kumar, S., & Anand, A. (2024) · Neuroepidemiology · doi:10.1159/000538416 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“Recent studies have also shown the use of IF as one of the treatment adjuvants for many diseases such as T2DM [91], MS [92], and promoting the browning of the white adipose tissue [93].”
Qu, Y., Wang, P., Wang, D., Li, B., & Yang, F. (2026) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2026.116447 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
- Authors
- Li, G., Xie, C., Lu, S., Nichols, R. G., Tian, Y., Li, L., Patel, D., Ma, Y., Brocker, C. N., Yan, T., Krausz, K. W., Xiang, R., Gavrilova, O., Patterson, A. D., & Gonzalez, F. J.
- Corresponding author
- Li, Guolin
- Gonzalez, Frank J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-11
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 801
- ISSN
- 1550-4131 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5695033
- OpenAlex
- W4253137490
- Cited by
- 144
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 16
- FWCI
- 5.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (Z01BC005561)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- intermittent fasting, white adipose tissue browning, brown adipose tissue, obesity, gut microbiota, gut microbiota transplantation, antibiotic therapy, caloric restriction, metabolic disorders
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