Sleep loss and fatigue in shift work and shift work disorder
Open accessAbstract
Shift work is highly prevalent in industrialized societies (>20%) but, when it includes night work, it has pronounced negative effects on sleep, subjective and physiological sleepiness, performance, accident risk, as well as on health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease and certain forms of cancer. The reason is the conflict between the day oriented circadian physiology and the requirement for work and sleep at the "wrong" biological time of day. Other factors that negatively impact work shift sleepiness and accident risk include long duration shifts greater than 12 hours and individual vulnerability for phase intolerance that may lead to a diagnosis of shift work disorder; i.e., those shift workers with the greatest sleepiness and performance impairment during the biological night and insomnia during the biological day. Whereas some countermeasures may be used to ameliorate the negative impact of shift work on nighttime sleepiness and daytime insomnia (combined countermeasures may be the best available), there seems at present to be no way to eliminate most of the negative effects of shift work on human physiology and cognition.
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Inadequate sleep is a consequence of many occupations.
“and inadequate sleep is a consequence of many occupations [12,13]”
From Exercise mitigates sleep-loss-induced changes in glucose tolerance, mitochondrial function, sarcoplasmic protein synthesis, and diurnal rhythms (2021) · cites this paper as [13]
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- Authors
- Åkerstedt, T., & Wright, K. P.
- Affiliations
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Corresponding author
- Åkerstedt, Torbjörn
- Venue
- Sleep Medicine Clinics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-06
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 257-271
- ISSN
- 1556-407X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2904525
- OpenAlex
- W2070497729
- Cited by
- 639
- References
- 156
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 23.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Sleep Medicine Clinics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL081761)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- shift work, shift work disorder, sleep deprivation, fatigue, circadian misalignment, night work, sleepiness, insomnia, crash risk, cardiovascular disease, cancer risk, countermeasures
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