Dissociable networks involved in spatial and temporal order source retrieval
Abstract
Space and time are important components of our episodic memories. Without this information, we cannot determine the "where and when" of our recent memories, rendering it difficult to disambiguate individual episodes from each other. The neural underpinnings of spatial and temporal order memory in humans remain unclear, in part because of difficulties in disentangling the contributions of these two types of source information. To address this issue, we conducted an experiment in which participants first navigated a virtual city, experiencing unique routes in a specific temporal order and learning about the spatial layout of the city. Spatial and temporal order information were dissociated in our task such that learning one type of information did not facilitate the other behaviorally. This allowed us to then address the extent to which the two types of information involved functionally distinct or overlapping brain areas. During functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), participants retrieved information about the relative distance of stores within the city (spatial task) and the temporal order of stores from each other (temporal task). Comparable hippocampal activity was observed during these two tasks, but greater prefrontal activity was seen during temporal order retrieval whereas greater parahippocampal activity was seen during spatial retrieval. We suggest that while the brain possesses dissociable networks for maintaining and representing spatial layout and temporal order components of episodic memory, this information may converge into a common representation for source memory in areas such as the hippocampus.
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The virtual 3D scenes with congruent multisensory bodily information approach real-life experience more than classical virtual computer game tasks used for EM investigations.
“Using the present naturalistic and controlled VR setup, we ensured that our participants experienced virtual 3D scenes with congruent multisensory bodily information (visual, motor, vestibular); these approach real-life experience as compared to classical virtual computer game tasks that have been used for EM investigations in the past [106,107].”
From First-person view of one’s body in immersive virtual reality: Influence on episodic memory (2019) · cites this paper as [107]
The anterior HF is involved in coding information about the coarse location of objects, the global position of landmarks, and the gist of memories.
“it is involved in coding information about the coarse location of objects (Evensmoen et al., 2014), the global position of landmarks (Ekstrom et al., 2011; Morgan et al., 2011), and the gist of memories (Poppenk et al., 2008; Gutchess and Schacter, 2012).”
From Delay-dependent contributions of medial temporal lobe regions to episodic memory retrieval (2015) · cites this paper as Ekstrom et al., 2011
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PandaEPL: A library for programming spatial navigation experiments
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- Authors
- Ekstrom, A. D., Copara, M. S., Isham, E. A., Wang, W.-C., & Yonelinas, A. P.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ekstrom, Arne D.
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-06
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1803-1813
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2088806161
- Cited by
- 135
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Spatial Cognition and Navigation
- Keywords
- temporal order memory, episodic memory, source memory, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, parahippocampal cortex, memory retrieval, spatial configuration
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Computer Graphics, Computer Simulation, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Monte Carlo Method, Nerve Net, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, Mental Recall, Space Perception, Time Perception, Cluster Analysis, Young Adult
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